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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Global atmospheric mass field error correlations based on satellite observations and on numerical forecasts show strong and systematic latitude dependence. A model for the latitude dependent spatial correlation structure of mass field forecast errors is derived from dynamical considerations. Three methods of solution were tested. In the first method, the equation was solved by expansion in spherical harmonics, and the correlation function was computed analytically using the expansion coefficients. In the second method, the finite difference equivalent of the equation was solved using a fast poisson solver. The correlation function was computed using stratified sampling of the individual realizations. In the third method, a higher order equation was derived, and solved directly in finite differences by two successive applications of the fast poisson solver. The three methods were compared for accuracy and efficiency, and the third method was chosen as clearly superior.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Modeling and Simulation Facility: Res. Rev., 1980 - 1981; p 81
    Format: text
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A model that yields the spatial correlation structure of atmospheric mass field forecast errors was developed. The model is governed by the potential vorticity equation forced by random noise. Expansion in spherical harmonics and correlation function was computed analytically using the expansion coefficients. The finite difference equivalent was solved using a fast Poisson solver and the correlation function was computed using stratified sampling of the individual realization of F(omega) and hence of phi(omega). A higher order equation for gamma was derived and solved directly in finite differences by two successive applications of the fast Poisson solver. The methods were compared for accuracy and efficiency and the third method was chosen as clearly superior. The results agree well with the latitude dependence of observed atmospheric correlation data. The value of the parameter c sub o which gives the best fit to the data is close to the value expected from dynamical considerations.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-82009
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A diffusive energy-balance climate model, governed by a nonlinear parabolic partial differential equation, was studied. Three positive steady-state solutions of this equation are found; they correspond to three possible climates of our planet: an interglacial (nearly identical to the present climate), a glacial, and a completely ice-covered earth. Models similar to the main one are considered, and the number of their steady states was determined. All the models have albedo continuously varying with latitude and temperature, and entirely diffusive horizontal heat transfer. The stability under small perturbations of the main model's climates was investigated. A stability criterion is derived, and its application shows that the present climate and the deep freeze are stable, whereas the model's glacial is unstable. The dependence was examined of the number of steady states and of their stability on the average solar radiation.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-142705 , IMM-410
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Numerical experiments are performed to clarify the excitation mechanism of mixed Rossby-gravity (Yanai) waves in the tropical troposphere, as well as the selection of zonal wavenumbers four through five and of the five-day period. The results show that the nonlinear wave-CISK mechanism can select the same wavenumber and period of Yanai waves as observed, that in the absence of asymmetries in lateral forcing, symmetric Kelvin modes are dominant over antisymmetric Yanai modes, and that if lateral antisymmetric forcing with arbitrary periods is given, the correct spectral peak of Yanai waves becomes apparent. It is shown how the nonlinear wave-CISK mechanism selects the observed spectral peaks in zonal wavenumber and frequency. The question of why symmetric modes dominate antisymmetric Yanai waves is addressed, as is the reason why the tropical atmosphere selects the periods of Yanai waves independently of those of lateral forcing.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (ISSN 0022-4928); 45; 585-604
    Format: text
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