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  • 1
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    Anhydrous Proton-Conducting Membranes for Fuel Cells (2005)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Polymeric electrolyte membranes that do not depend on water for conduction of protons are undergoing development for use in fuel cells. Prior polymeric electrolyte fuel-cell membranes (e.g., those that contain perfluorosulfonic acid) depend on water and must be limited to operation below a temperature of 125 C because they retain water poorly at higher temperatures. In contrast, the present developmental anhydrous membranes are expected to function well at temperatures up to 200 C. The developmental membranes exploit a hopping-and-reorganization proton- conduction process that can occur in the solid state in organic amine salts and is similar to a proton-conduction process in a liquid. This process was studied during the 1970s, but until now, there has been no report of exploiting organic amine salts for proton conduction in fuel cells.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: NPO-30493 , NASA Tech Briefs, August 2005; 15-16
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Polymer electrolyte membrane assembly for fuel cells (2000)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: An electrolyte membrane for use in a fuel cell can contain sulfonated polyphenylether sulfones. The membrane can contain a first sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone and a second sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone, wherein the first sulfonated polyphenylether and the second sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone have equivalent weights greater than about 560, and the first sulfonated polyphenylether and the second sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone also have different equivalent weights. Also, a membrane for use in a fuel cell can contain a sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone and an unsulfonated polyphenylether sulfone. Methods for manufacturing a membrane electrode assemblies for use in fuel cells can include roughening a membrane surface. Electrodes and methods for fabricating such electrodes for use in a chemical fuel cell can include sintering an electrode. Such membranes and electrodes can be assembled into chemical fuel cells.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    HSPES membrane electrode assembly (2000)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: An improved fuel cell electrode, as well as fuel cells and membrane electrode assemblies that include such an electrode, in which the electrode includes a backing layer having a sintered layer thereon, and a non-sintered free-catalyst layer. The invention also features a method of forming the electrode by sintering a backing material with a catalyst material and then applying a free-catalyst layer.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Polymer electrolyte membrane assembly for fuel cells (2002)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: An electrolyte membrane for use in a fuel cell can contain sulfonated polyphenylether sulfones. The membrane can contain a first sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone and a second sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone, wherein the first sulfonated polyphenylether and the second sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone have equivalent weights greater than about 560, and the first sulfonated polyphenylether and the second sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone also have different equivalent weights. Also, a membrane for use in a fuel cell can contain a sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone and an unsulfonated polyphenylether sulfone. Methods for manufacturing a membrane electrode assemblies for use in fuel cells can include roughening a membrane surface. Electrodes and methods for fabricating such electrodes for use in a chemical fuel cell can include sintering an electrode. Such membranes and electrodes can be assembled into chemical fuel cells.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Water free proton conducting membranes based on poly-4-vinylpyridinebisulfate for fuel cells (2007)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Disclosed are methods for forming a water-free electrolyte membrane useful in fuel cells. Also provided is a water-free electrolyte membrane comprising a quaternized amine salt including poly-4-vinylpyridinebisulfate, a poly-4-vinylpyridinebisulfate silica composite, and a combination thereof and a fuel cell comprising the membrane.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Bench-Scale Monolith Autothermal Reformer Catalyst Screening Evaluations in a Micro-Reactor With Jet-A Fuel (2006)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: Solid oxide fuel cell systems used in the aerospace or commercial aviation environment require a compact, light-weight and highly durable catalytic fuel processor. The fuel processing method considered here is an autothermal reforming (ATR) step. The ATR converts Jet-A fuel by a reaction with steam and air forming hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) to be used for production of electrical power in the fuel cell. This paper addresses the first phase of an experimental catalyst screening study, looking at the relative effectiveness of several monolith catalyst types when operating with untreated Jet-A fuel. Six monolith catalyst materials were selected for preliminary evaluation and experimental bench-scale screening in a small 0.05 kWe micro-reactor test apparatus. These tests were conducted to assess relative catalyst performance under atmospheric pressure ATR conditions and processing Jet-A fuel at a steam-to-carbon ratio of 3.5, a value higher than anticipated to be run in an optimized system. The average reformer efficiencies for the six catalysts tested ranged from 75 to 83 percent at a constant gas-hourly space velocity of 12,000 hr 1. The corresponding hydrocarbon conversion efficiency varied from 86 to 95 percent during experiments run at reaction temperatures between 750 to 830 C. Based on the results of the short-duration 100 hr tests reported herein, two of the highest performing catalysts were selected for further evaluation in a follow-on 1000 hr life durability study in Phase II.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: NASA/TM-2006-214254 , E-15536
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Polymer electrolyte membrane assembly for fuel cells (2002)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: An electrolyte membrane for use in a fuel cell can contain sulfonated polyphenylether sulfones. The membrane can contain a first sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone and a second sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone, wherein the first sulfonated polyphenylether and the second sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone have equivalent weights greater than about 560, and the first sulfonated polyphenylether and the second sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone also have different equivalent weights. Also, a membrane for use in a fuel cell can contain a sulfonated polyphenylether sulfone and an unsulfonated polyphenylether sulfone. Methods for manufacturing a membrane electrode assemblies for use in fuel cells can include roughening a membrane surface. Electrodes and methods for fabricating such electrodes for use in a chemical fuel cell can include sintering an electrode. Such membranes and electrodes can be assembled into chemical fuel cells.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Proton conducting membranes for high temperature fuel cells with solid state water free membranes (2006)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: A water free, proton conducting membrane for use in a fuel cell is fabricated as a highly conducting sheet of converted solid state organic amine salt, such as converted acid salt of triethylenediamine with two quaternized tertiary nitrogen atoms, combined with a nanoparticulate oxide and a stable binder combined with the converted solid state organic amine salt to form a polymeric electrolyte membrane. In one embodiment the membrane is derived from triethylenediamine sulfate, hydrogen phosphate or trifiate, an oxoanion with at least one ionizable hydrogen, organic tertiary amine bisulfate, polymeric quaternized amine bisulfate or phosphate, or polymeric organic compounds with quaternizable nitrogen combined with Nafion to form an intimate network with ionic interactions.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Polymer material for electrolytic membranes in fuel cells (1998)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: A polymer, PEEK or SPES is processed to use it as a proton conducting membrane for a fuel cell. Asymmetric properties are formed.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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