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  • 1
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    Reversible thermodynamic cycle for AMTEC power conversion (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The thermodynamic cycle appropriate to an AMTEC (alkali metal thermal-to-electric converter) cell is discussed for both liquid- and vapor-fed modes of operation, under the assumption that all processes can be performed reversibly. In the liquid-fed mode, the reversible efficiency is greater than 89.6 percent of Carnot efficiency for heat input and rejection temperatures (900-1300 K and 400-800 K, respectively) typical of practical devices. Vapor-fed cells can approach the efficiency of liquid-fed cells. Quantitative estimates confirm that the efficiency is insensitive to either the work required to pressurize the sodium liquid or the details of the state changes associated with cooling the low pressure sodium gas to the heat rejection temperature.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: In: IECEC '92; Proceedings of the 27th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, San Diego, CA, Aug. 3-7, 1992. Vol. 3 (A93-25851 09-44); p. 3.123-3.127.
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  • 2
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    Preparation Of Strong, Dense Potassium Beta''-Alumina Ceramic (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Improved process for making mechanically strong, dense, phase-pure potassium beta''-alumina solid electrolyte (K-BASE) results in material superior to all previous K-BASE preparations and similar to commercial Na-BASE in strength, phase purity and high-temperature ionic conductivity. Potassium-based alkali-metal thermal-to-electric conversion (AMTEC) cells expected to operate efficiently at lower heat-input temperatures and lower rejection temperatures than sodium-based AMTEC cells, making them appropriate for somewhat different applications.
    Keywords: MATERIALS
    Type: NPO-19209 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 19; 6; P. 64
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  • 3
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    Performance projections of alternative AMTEC systems and devices (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The alkali metal thermoelectric converted (AMTEC) converts heat to electrical power without moving parts. Attention is presently given to two AMTEC devices that have been optimized for conversion efficiencies of the order of 30 percent or more at 1100 K, in conjunction with high volumetric power densities. A 'tube-bundle' AMTEC configuration yields a peak power of 426 W/l; a flat-plate AMTEC system yields 2.4 W/l.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: In: Space nuclear power systems; Proceedings of the 8th Symposium, Albuquerque, NM, Jan. 6-10, 1991. Pt. 1 (A93-13751 03-20); p. 472-481.
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  • 4
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    Improved Synthesis Of Potassium Beta' '-Alumina (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Improved formulations of precursor materials synthesize nearly-phase-pure potassium beta' '-alumina solid electrolyte (K-BASE) powder. Materials are microhomogeneous powders (or, alternatively, gels) containing K(+,) Mg(2+), and Al(3+). K-BASE powder produced used in potassium-working-fluid alkali-metal thermal-to-electric conversion (K-AMTEC), in which heat-input and heat-rejection temperatures lower than sodium-working-fluid AMTEC (Na-AMTEC). Additional potential use lies in purification of pottassium by removal of sodium and calcium.
    Keywords: MATERIALS
    Type: NPO-19210 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 20; 2; P. 56
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  • 5
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    Alkali metal thermoelectric converter (AMTEC) electrode lifetime studies (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Experimental studies are being conducted at JPL to identify long life, high area power density electrodes for AMTEC. Power versus time measurements are being made in a demountable electrode test cell and, for longer term experiments, a self-contained recirculating cell. The experimental apparatus and procedures are described in detail. The results show that thin film molybdenum electrodes can be designed to produce power near 0.5 W/sq cm for over two hundred hours. Also, platinum/tungsten electrodes exhibit power densities that are stable near 0.5 W/sq cm. If the performance of these electrodes is verified for longer periods (thousands of hours), then practical AMTEC systems will be possible.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: IECEC ''87; Aug 10, 1987 - Aug 14, 1987; Philadelphia, PA; United States
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  • 6
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    AMTEC system performance studies using the detailed electrode kinetic and transport model (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: A detailed electrochemical model of the alkali metal thermoelectric converter (AMTEC) electrode and current collector grid has been developed recently. Comparative evaluations of the resulting differences in model predictions reveal that the new detailed model predicts up to 50 percent higher electrode power densities at condenser operating temperatures above 600 K. The new model, with experimentally determined parameters, was used to recalculate the projected system performance of previously reported 1- and 100-kWe AMTEC space power systems that had incorporated earlier electrolyte/electrode models. It was found that when the detailed model was used to determine the electrode power densities, enhanced specific power and efficiencies are predicted.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: In: Space nuclear power systems 1989; Proceedings of the 6th Symposium, Albuquerque, NM, Jan. 8-12, 1989. Vol. 2 (A93-20752 06-20); p. 373-378.
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  • 7
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    AMTEC cell testing, optimization of rhodium/tungsten electrodes, and tests of other components (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: Electrodes, current collectors, ceramic to metal braze seals, and metallic components exposed to the high 'hot side' temperatures and sodium liquid and vapor environment have been tested and evaluated in laboratory cells running for hundreds of hours at 1100-1200 K. Rhodium/tungsten electrodes have been selected as the optimum electrodes based on performance parameters and durability. Current collectors have been evaluated under simulated and actual operating conditions. The microscopic effects of metal migration between electrode and current collector alloys as well as their thermal and electrical properties determined the suitability of current collector and lead materials. Braze seals suitable for long term application to AMTEC devices are being developed.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: In: Space nuclear power systems; Proceedings of the 8th Symposium, Albuquerque, NM, Jan. 6-10, 1991. Pt. 1 (A93-13751 03-20); p. 464-471.
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