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  • ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS  (4)
  • Geophysics  (1)
  • Meteorology and Climatology; Communications and Radar  (1)
  • 1
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    Global variability of precipitation according to the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: Numerous studies have documented the effect of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on rainfall in many regions of the globe. The question of whether ENSO is the single most important factor in interannual rainfall variability has received less attention, mostly because the kind of data that would be required to make such an assessment were simply not available. Until 1979 the evidence linking El Nino with changes in rainfall around the world came from rain gauges measuring precipitation over land masses and a handful of islands. From 1980 until the launch of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) in November 1997 the remote sensing evidence was confined to ocean rainfall because of the very poor sensitivity of the instruments over land. In this paper we summarize the results of a principal component analysis of TRMM's 60-month (January 1998 to December 2002) global land and ocean remote-sensing record of monthly rainfall accumulations. Contrary to the first principal component of the rainfall itself, the first three indices of the anomaly are most sensitive to precipitation over the ocean rather than over the land. With the help of archived surface station data the first TRMM rain anomaly index is extended back several decades. Comparison of the extended index with the Southern Oscillation Index confirms that the first principal component of the rainfall anomaly is strongly correlated with the ENSO indices.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; Volume 109; D17103
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Radar For Measuring Vertical Cloud Structure (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Proposed radar system views clouds from above and measures their vertical structures with resolution of 500 m. Two versions of system; initial developmental version to be flown aboard aircraft and final version flown aboard spacecraft in circular orbit around Earth at altitude of 400 km.
    Keywords: ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
    Type: NPO-19495 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 19; 7; P. 43
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Suppression Of Range Sidelobes In Spaceborne Rain-Mapping Radar (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Adequate suppression of range sidelobes in chirp pulse-compression radar system for spaceborne rain-mapping application demonstrated in operation of aircraft version of system. Radar system operates at center frequency of 13.8 GHz, developed for operation aboard NASA DC-8 aircraft to measure vertical rainfall-rate profiles and rain-cell dimensions. Sidelobes suppressed by at least 55 dB. Technique applied to other frequencies, therefore, useful in other radar systems in which low sidelobes at mid to far range needed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
    Type: NPO-18515 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 18; 5; P. 85
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Spaceborne Radar Would Measure Rain And Clouds (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Report describes conceptual design of spaceborne radar system mapping precipitation and clouds at mid-latitudes to provide data for research on global weather and climate. Radar operates at two frequencies. Lower (35 GHz) provides vertical profiles of rainfall at rates up to 20 mm/h and enables probing of cirrus clouds. Higher (94 GHz) enables detection and quantitative measurements of clouds of all types and provides rain profiles at rates up to 10 mm/h.
    Keywords: ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
    Type: NPO-18274 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 16; 7; P. 44
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Radar Altimetry For Topographical Mapping (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Two altimeter concepts based on spaceborne synthetic-aperture-radar (SAR) proposed to gather global, uniformly sampled, high-resolution, topographical data on land and ice. Wide swath and high pulse rate of SAR makes possible to acquire spatially contiguous data over large areas in reasonable amount of time, and time needed for altimetric processing of SAR data considerably less than that needed to generate topographical maps from stereoscopic photographs. Radar less vulnerable to cloud cover and other weather conditions than optical techniques.
    Keywords: ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
    Type: NPO-18254 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 16; 10; P. 37
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    NEXRAD in Space (NIS): A Geostationary Orbiting Doppler Radar for Hurricane Monitoring and Studies (2011)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology; Communications and Radar
    Type: Advanced RF Sensors and Remote Sensing Instruments Workshop; Sep 13, 2011 - Sep 15, 2011; Noordwijk; Netherlands
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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