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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characteristics of the heterochromatic I elements from a reactive strain ofDrosophila melanogaster (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 31 (1990), S. 424-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; Evolution ; Hybrid dysgenesis ; I elements ; Transposons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary There are two categories of strains inDrosophila melanogaster with respect to the I-R system of hybrid dysgenesis. The inducer strains contain particular transposable elements named I factors. They are not present in the strains of the other category called reactive (R) strains. Defective I elements are present in the pericentromeric regions of both categories of strains. This last subfamily of I sequences has not yet been described in detail and little is known about its origin. In this paper, we report that the defective I elements display an average of 94% of sequence identity with each other and with the transposable I factor. The results suggest that they cannot be the progenitors of the present day I factors, but that each of these two subfamilies started to evolve independently several million years ago. Furthermore, the sequence comparison of these I elements with an active I factor fromDrosophila teissieri provides useful information about when the deleted I elements became immobilized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02106056
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    I factors inDrosophila melanogaster: Transposition under control (1994)
    Springer
    Genetica 93 (1994), S. 101-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; hybrid dysgenesis ; I factor ; retrotransposition ; transposable element
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract I factors are responsible for the I-R system of hybrid dysgenesis inDrosophila melanogaster. They belong to the LINE class of mobile elements, which transpose via reverse transcription of a full-length RNA intermediate. I factors are active members of the I element family, which also contains defective I elements that are immobilized within peri-centromeric heterochromatin and represent very old components of the genome. Active I factors have recently invaded natural populations ofDrosophila melanogaster, giving rise to inducer strains. Reactive strains, devoid of active I factors, derive from old laboratory stocks established before the invasion. Transposition of I factors is activated at very high frequencies in the germline of hybrid females issued from crosses between females from reactive strains and males from inducer strains. It results in the production of high rates of mutations and chromosomal rearrangements as well as in a particular syndrome of sterility. The frequency of transposition of I factors is dependent on the amount of full-length RNA that is synthesized from an internal promoter. This full-length RNA serves both as an intermediate of transposition and presumably as a messenger for protein synthesis. Regulators of transposition apparently affect transcription initiation from the internal promoter. The data presented here lead to the proposal of a tentative model for transposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01435243
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    I elements of Drosophila melanogaster generate specific chromosomal rearrangements during transposition (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 218 (1989), S. 222-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Chromosomal rearrangements ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Hybrid dysgenesis ; I elements ; yellow gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We report a detailed molecular analysis of three chromosomal rearrangements, which have been produced during I-R hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. They all disrupt the yellow gene. One of them is a deletion; the other two are inversions, which may be interpreted as the results of recombination events between I elements inserted at their break points. These events appear to occur at the time of transposition and involve integrating rather than resident I elements. They are produced by a mechanism very similar to homologous ectopic recombination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331272
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genetically tagged, defective I element can be complemented by actively transposing I factors in the germaine of I-R dysgenic females inDrosophila melanogaster (1995)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 248 (1995), S. 434-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; Hybrid ; dysgenesis ; I factor ; Transposition ; Complementation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Non-LTR retrotransposons, also known as LINEs, transpose by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate. Their mechanism of transposition is apparently different from that of retrotransposons and similar to that of proviruses of retroviruses. The I factor is responsible for the I-R system of hybrid dysgenesis inDrosophila melanogaster. Inducer strains contain several functional I factors whereas reactive strains do not. Transposition of I factors can be experimentally induced: they are stable in inducer strains, but transpose at high frequency in the germline of females, known as SF females, produced by crossing reactive females and inducer males. We have constructed an I element, calledIviP2, marked with thevermilion gene, the coding sequence of which was interrupted by an intron. Splicing of the intron can only occur in the transcript initiated from the I element promoter. Transposed copies expressing a wild-typevermilion phenotype were recovered in the germline of SF females in which I factors were actively transposing. This indicates thattrans-complementation of a defective I element, deficient for the second open reading frame, by functional I factors can occur in the germline of dysgenic females.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02191643
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