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  • Decomposition  (4)
  • Desert grassland  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decomposition and soil biota after reclamation of coal mine spoils in an arid region (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 4 (1987), S. 129-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Decomposition ; Mine spoil reclamation ; Bacteria ; Fungi ; Protozoans ; Nematodes ; Microarthropods ; Nitrogen immobilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary We compared soil biota and buried wheat straw decomposition on sites subject to topsoiling plus straw mulch reclamation procedures 1–4 years prior to our study and on an unmined site. Rates of straw decomposition were highest on the unmined site. Decomposition rates were higher on the 1- and 2-year-old sites than on the 3- and 4-year-old reclaimed spoil. Microarthropod population densities and number of taxa were greater from decomposing straw on the unmined site and lowest from straw on the 1- and 2-year-old areas. Soil bacteria, fungi, and protozoan populations on buried straw on the oldest reclaimed sites were generally equal to those on the unmined area. Nematode populations on buried straw in the unmined site and 1- and 2-year-old reclaimed sites were similar. Populations of denitrifying bacteria were larger on recently reclaimed sites than on 3- and 4-year-old sites. Decomposition and nitrogen mineralization varied as a function of the diversity and abundance of soil microarthropods. Soil microfauna can serve as an index of soil development in a disturbed arid soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256986
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil microarthropods as indicators of exposure to environmental stress in Chihuahuan Desert rangelands (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 28 (1999), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Desertification ; Desert grassland ; Grazing ; Herbicides ; Indicators
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  We studied soil microarthropod communities along livestock grazing disturbance gradients, inside and outside grazing exclosures, and on areas subjected to restoration efforts (herbicide and bulldozing) in order to test the suitability of mites as indicators of rangeland soil quality. We found that mite numbers generally increased with decreased grazing disturbance. Soil microarthropods appeared to respond to a complex of factors including soil compaction, depth to an impervious soil layer, below-ground vegetative biomass, and residual effects of herbicide. All of our study plots, except those that had been herbicide treated, were dominated by microbivorous mites of the family Nanorchestidae. The numerical responses of mites, especially nanorchestids, appeared to provide a sensitive indicator of ecosystem health in a Chihuahuan Desert grassland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050472
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decomposition of roots in a Chihuahuan Desert ecosystem (1988)
    Springer
    Oecologia 75 (1988), S. 8-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Decomposition ; Desert ; Nitrogen immobilization ; Roots ; Termites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Mass losses of tethered buried roots of two woody shrubs and two herbaceous annuals buried in plots irrigated at 25 mm·month-1, 6 mm·week-1 and no irrigation were measured. At the end of 1 year, 10–15% of the mass of the herbaceous annual roots remained and 60% of the mass of woody shrub roots remained. There were no differences in mass loss attributable to added water. Rates of mass losses of roots in the Chihuahuan Desert were equal to or higher than those reported from mesic ecosystems. Roots of woody shrubs had relatively constant C:N ratios through the experiment. There was significant N immobilization in Baileya multiradiata roots. Percent mass loss of grass roots, Erioneuron pulchellum, and herbaceous annual roots, B. multiradiata, in plots with termites was 62% and in plots without termites was 15%. These data suggest that subterranean termites are responsible for most of the mass loss and mineralization of carbon and nitrogen in dead grass and herbaceous roots in the northern Chihuahuan Desert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378807
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decomposition process in Negev ecosystems (1988)
    Springer
    Oecologia 75 (1988), S. 61-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Hammada scoparia ; Salsola inermis ; Decomposition ; Negev desert ; Water amendment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effects of supplemental water and natural rainfall on decomposition were studied in the Negev Highland desert, Israel. There was a mass loss of approximately 40% in Hammada scoparia leaves and Salsola inermis litter placed on the soil surface and buried in fine mesh bags. There was an annual mass loss of 80% in S. inermis litter buried in large fiberglass mesh bags. Supplemental water provided during the wet season (January to March) did not result in more rapid decomposition of litter of the annual grass Stipa capensis but irrigation during the dry season (August to September) produced a marked increase in the decomposition rate of S. capensis. These data suggest that rain events, not water quantity, are the most important regulators of decomposition in the Negev. Annual rates of decomposition were higher than predicted by models utilizing actual evapotranspiration and lignin content as regulating variables. Rates of decomposition were equal to those reported for tropical wet forests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378814
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decomposition along a rainfall gradient in the Judean desert, Israel (1990)
    Springer
    Oecologia 82 (1990), S. 322-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Decomposition ; Rainfall ; Desert ; Gradient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effect of a rainfall gradient, from a semiarid to extremely arid, on decomposition, were studied in the Judean desert, Israel. During the study period, the rainfall gradient obtained ranged from 308 mm to 24.4 mm. There was a annual mass loss of approximately 20% and 16% in the semi-arid and extremely arid regions, respectively. No significant correlation was found between the total rainfall and total mass losses. The data suggest that in an area where the conditions are not suitable for biological activity, the decomposition processes result from abiotic conditions, like temperature and radiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317478
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