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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Effect of Strength Mis-Match on Mechanical Performance of Weld Joints (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 96 (1999), S. 37-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Schlagwort(e): Crack growth ; cohesive zone model ; mis-match ; weld joints ; finite elements.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract This paper presents numerical studies on strength mis-match effects in welded joints. Crack growth in a mis-matched single edge notched specimen under pure bending, with a crack lying at the center line of the weld metal, is simulated via a two-dimensional plane strain finite element analysis (FEA). The fracture process is modeled using a cohesive zone model (CZM). The work is focussed on the effects of yield strength mis-match as well as thickness of the weld metal on fracture resistance and load-deformation for both under- and overmatched specimens. Weld metal mis-match is achieved by keeping the same weld metal and changing the strength of the base metal.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018692718678
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An investigation of a possible role for mitochondrial nuclease in apoptosis (1998)
    Springer
    Apoptosis 3 (1998), S. 395-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-675X
    Schlagwort(e): Apoptosis ; etoposide ; hydroxychloroquine ; mitochondria ; nuclease ; transmembrane potential.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Since mitochondrial factors have been implicated in apoptosis, experiments were designed to assess whether or not the potent mitochondrial nuclease could be one of these factors. Nuclei isolated by two different methods were found to contain mitochondrial nuclease in masked form. This nuclease was released by treatment with the non-ionic detergent NP-40 and rendered trypsin-sensitive. It was not removed appreciably from the nuclei by washing and sedimentation of the nuclei through a sucrose cushion. Levels of the mitochondrial nuclease were followed during drug-induced apoptosis. Time courses of apoptosis in cultures of HL-60 cells were monitored by flow cytometry of propidium iodide-stained cells and by agarose gel electrophoresis of extracted DNA. Changes in the inner mitochondrial transmembrane potential were monitored by flow cytometry of chloromethyl-X-Rosamine-stained cells. Apoptosis was induced by treatment with either the chemotherapeutic agent etoposide (VP-16 at 10 μM) over an 8 h period or with the anti-rheumatic agent hydroxychloroquine (HCQ at 0.28 mM) over a 24 h period. These two drugs likely act in different pathways of apoptosis. VP-16 caused loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential 1.0–1.5 h before apoptosis was detected. On the other hand, treatment with HCQ caused these processes to occur in parallel possibly indicating that the mitochondrial changes are secondary events. No losses of masked mitochondrial nuclease were detected with either drug treatment during the course of apoptosis. HL-60 mitochondrial DNA was also not degraded during apoptosis induced by either agent. These observations likely explain why the mitochondrial DNA is not degraded and make it unlikely that mitochondrial nuclease plays any role in vivo in chromatin DNA fragmentation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009654418089
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Caspase-3-dependent and caspase-3-independent pathways leading to chromatin DNA fragmentation in HL-60 cells (2000)
    Springer
    Apoptosis 5 (2000), S. 61-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-675X
    Schlagwort(e): Apoptosis ; caspase ; etoposide ; hydroxychloroquine ; nuclease.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Apoptosis induced by etoposide (VP-16) in HL-60 cells was confirmed to be caspase-dependent. It was fully inhibited by the broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk. However, the caspase-3-specific inhibitor Z-DEVD-fmk only partially inhibited apoptosis. This indicated that a second caspase is required in vivo for full activation of the apoptotic nucease CAD. Aurin tricarboxylic acid (ATA) did not inhibit VP-16-induced apoptosis. In contrast, apoptosis induced by hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in HL-60 cells was caspase-3 independent and was fully inhibited by ATA. Thus, CAD does not appear to be involved in chromatin DNA degradation in this case. A second apoptotic nuclease is postulated to degrade the DNA, likely endo-exonuclease, an abundant nuclear enzyme that acts on both DNA and RNA and is present in latent form. HCQ, but not VP-16, stimulated DNA degradation (“laddering”) in isolated nuclei. This indicates that the drug can act directly in the nuclei to trigger activation of the second latent apoptotic nuclease.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009689710184
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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