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  • 1
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Rare earth hydride halides ; ir, uv/vis, photoelectron spectra ; magnetism ; electrical properties ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: LnHal2Hn - New Phases in the Ternary System Ln/Hal/H (Ln = Lanthanoid, Hal = Br, I) 111. Physical PropertiesIR and diffuse reflectance spectra, magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistance as well as photo-electron spectra of GdI2Hn and CeI2Hn (n ≦ 1) are reported. GdI2Hn samples with 0 〈 n 5 1 are insulators or semiconductors. Compounds with n = 1 are colourless, with n 〈 1 blue transparent. Phases with n 〈 0.9 show metallic lustre. This feature and the electrical properties can be understood on the basis of the electronic structure (Extended Hückel calculations, photoelectron- and reflectance spectroscopy). For n ≠ 1, in contrast to the stoichiometric hydride halides, bands approx. 1 eV below the Fermi edge are populated. With decreasing H content they broaden and the density of states increases. CeI2Hn exhibits a metal-to-semiconductor transition for n = 0.33. According to the susceptibility measurements the ferromagnetic order of GdI2 successively is suppressed by the incorporation of hydrogen. Simultaneously, correlated regions with spontaneous magnetization are maintained. Temperature dependent X-ray diffraction measurements also indicate the existance of such clusters.
    Notes: Es wird über IR- und diffuse Reflexionsspektroskopie, magnetische Suszeptibilitäts- und elektrische Widerstandsmessungen sowie Photoelektronenspektroskopie an GdI2Hn und Cel2Hn und Cel2Hn (n ≦ 1) berichtet. GdI2Hn-Proben mit 0 〈 n ≦ 1 sind Isolatoren bzw. Halbleiter. Verbindungen mit n = 1 sind farblos, mit n 〈 1 blau transparent und n 〈 0,9 zunehmend metallisch glänzend. Dies und die elektrischen Eigenschaften sind mit der elektronischen Struktur (Extended-Hückel-Rechnungen, Photoelektronen- und Reflexionsspektren) interpretierbar: Gegenüber den stöchiometrischen Hydridhalogeniden werden bei n ≠ 1 ca. 1 eV unterhalb der Fermikante Bänder besetzt, die sich mit sinkendem H-Gehalt zunehmend verbreitern und deren Zustandsdichte sich erhöht. CeI2Hn zeigt einen Metall-Halbleiter-Übergang bei n ∼ 0,33.Suszeptibilitätsmessungen zufolge wird die ferromagnetische Ordnung in GdI2 durch den Einbau von Wasserstoff sukzessive unterdrückt. Dies geschieht unter Erhalt von korrelierten Bereichen, die ferromagnetische Spontanmagnetisierung aufweisen. Für die Existenz solcher Cluster sprechen auch die Ergebnisse temperaturabhängiger Röntgendiffraktometrie.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 34 (1997), S. 539-543 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate surface-induced mineralization (SIM) as a potential technique to apply ceramic coatings to metal orthopaedic implants. Cylindrical titanium porous-coated implants were either coated by SIM or plasma-spray (PLS) techniques with calcium phosphate, or left uncoated (CTL). The implants were bilaterally implanted into the intramedullary canal of the proximal femur of 24 adult New Zealand white rabbits segregated into the following groups: PLS/CTL, SIM/CTL, and SIM/PLS. After 6 weeks in vivo, biomechanical and histologic evaluations were completed. Biomechanically, SIM had consistently greater mechanical interlock than PLS implants. However, CTL implants had greater mechanical interlock than both PLS and SIM. The small sample size prevented statistical evaluation and definitive biomechanical conclusions. Histologically, SIM and PLS had significantly greater ingrowth than CTL implants (p 〈 0.05). The SIM coating technique produced similar ingrowth characteristics as standard PLS coatings, yet may prevent osteolysis by providing a stronger, more reliable, covalent bond between the ceramic and metal. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Jahn-Teller Distortions of Transition Metal Ions in Tetrahedral Coordination  -  The Structures of Cat[MII(NCS)4]II (MII: Co, Ni, Cu) and of Mixed Crystals MIICr2O4(MII: Zn—Ni, Zn—Cu, Cu—Ni) of the Spinel TypeThe structure determination of compounds Cat[MII(NCS)4] with Cat = p-xylylenebis(triphenylphosphonium)2+ and MII = Co, Ni, Cu [space group P21/n, Z = 4] yielded pseudotetrahedral MIIN4-polyhedra, which are distorted by packing forces and vibronic coupling effects of the Jahn-Teller type. Spinel mixed crystals with MII = Zn—Ni, Zn—Cu, Ni—Cu in the tetrahedral sites exhibit phase transition to tetragonal and o-rhombic structures, induced by cooperative Jahn-Teller interactions. The distortion symmetries of the MIIN4 and MIIO4 tetrahedra are analysed on the basis of the respective electronic groundstate and the possible Jahn-Teller active vibrational modes.
    Notes: Die Strukturbestimmung von Verbindungen Cat[MII(NCS)4] mit Cat = p-Xylylen-bis(triphenylphosphonium)2+ und MII = Co, Ni, Cu [Raumgruppe P21/n, Z = 4] ergab pseudo-tetraedrische MN4-Polyeder, die als Folge von Packungseinflüssen und vibronischen Kopplungseffekten vom Jahn-Teller-Typ verzerrt sind. Bei Spinell-Mischkristallen MIICr2O4 mit normaler Kationenverteilung und MII = Zn—Ni, Zn—Cu, Ni—Cu werden Phasenübergänge zu tetragonalen und o-rhombischen Gittern als Folge kooperativer Jahn-Teller-Effekte beobachtet. Die auftretenden Verzerrungssymmetrien der MN4- und MO4-Tetraeder werden gruppentheoretisch auf der Grundlage der elektronischen Grundzustände und der möglichen Jahn-Teller-aktiven Normalschwingungen analysiert.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 9 (1975), S. 47-61 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A series of squirrel monkeys received segmental femoral replacements in a study of the strength of the interface developed between the implant and bone. Implants were either made completely of bioglass-ceramic, or 316L stainless steel with a flame-prayed coating of bioglass. Fracture torque, energy at fracture, and shear stress at failure were compared to values obtained from a control group of pairs of tibias. Femurs containing bulk bioglassceramic implants showed about a 25% difference in strength compared to the opposite bone, while femurs containing flame-sprayed implants exhibited extremely low structural strength. While the strength of the metal-glass bond was very low (〈500 kgf/cm2), the bonebioglass bond was found to be at least as strong as the bioglass-ceramic, and at least 3/4 as strong as the host bone.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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