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  • 1
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird eine Übersicht über den gegenwärtigen Stand der Organozinn-Forschung gegeben. Zahlreiche neue, teilweise hier erstmals mitgeteilte Synthesen erlauben es, eine Fülle interessanter Verbindungen herzustellen. Auf einige neue Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von bestimmten Typen von Organozinn-Verbindungen wird hingewiesen. Besonders aussichtsreich erscheint die Verwendung im Pflanzenschutz.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 21 (1979), S. 1711-1724 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The investigated catalyst system consists of immobilized Arthrobacter cells containing the enzyme glucose isomerase, which catalyzes the isomerization of glucose into fructose. The internal structure of the catalyst was determined from electron microscope photographs of replicas of freeze-etched catalyst. On the basis of the photographs a model for the internal structure of the catalyst was proposed. This structure was subsequently used to describe the reaction including mass-transfer effects. It appeared that under normal operating conditions the external mass-transfer rate does not influence the overall rate of reaction. The effect of internal mass-transfer resistances on the overall reaction rate can well be accounted for by the socalled porous sphere model. The intrinsic kinetics of the isomerization catalyzed by the present catalyst system can be represented by a modified Michaelis-Menten equation for a reversible one-substrate reaction.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1023-1035 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Saccharomyces cerevisiae CBS 426 was grown aerobically and anaerobically in a glucose-limited chemostat. The flows of biomass, glucose, ethanol, carbon dioxide, oxygen, glycerol, and the elemental composition of the biomass were measured. Models for anaerobic and aerobic growth are constructed. Values for YATP and P/O are obtained from continuous culture data for aerobic growth; this YATP value is compared with that obtained from the anaerobic growth results. The ratio between the heat produced and the oxygen consumed increases if more glucose in fermented to ethanol and carbon dioxide. An equation for φH/φO as a function of the respiratory quotient is given.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 4 (1953), S. 442-446 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Artifical Resins and Body TissuesThe article opens with a brief description of the irritational effects (corrosion, electrolysis, etc.), of metals entering and remaining in the human body, either, as a result of surgical treatment or accidently. The cause and effect of the irritation set up by foreign bodies is then discussed.It has been found that, in actual practice, there are artifical resins which have no effect upon human tissue. They must be chemically stable, cause no irritation of a mechanical nature and must have the physical properties of an insulator.When artifical resins are required to function statically in the human body, certain peculiar difficulties arise, which are due to the physical and chemical properties of the resin. These difficulties are described in detail.It is fact that artifical resin manufactures have not yet been able to produce a resin of a “universal” nature, which can be used as a statically functioning substitute for bones and bony structures.At the moment it would appear possible for manufacturers to produces an artifical resin which has no irritational effects and yet has no irritational mechanical strength.
    Notes: Nachdem die Metalle, welche operativ oder aus Zufall in den Körper gelangen und dort verbleiben, in der Möglichkeit ihrer Gewebereizwirkung (Korrosion, Elektrolyse) kurz behandelt wurden, wird auf die Ursache und die Wirkung der Fremdkörperreize eingegangen.Es hat sich in der Praxis bestätigt, daß es Kunstharze gibt, die keine Gewebereize ausüben. Sie müssen physikalisch einen Isolator darstellen, chemisch stabil und mechanisch reizlos sein.Bei der Übernahme statischer Funktionen innerhalb des Körpers treten bei Kunstharzen durch die ihnen eigentümlichen Eigenschaften Schwierigkeiten auf, auf welche näher eingegangen wird.Es zeigt sich, daß die relative junge Kunstharzindustrie noch kein Universalmaterial schaffen konnte, welches in allen Fällen geeignet ist, statisch funktionstüchtig als Knochenersatz verwendet zu werden.Für die Zukunft erscheint es glaubhaft, daß Kunstharze durch die Industrie erstellt werden können, die sowohl reizlos sind, wie auch in ihrer Festigkeit ausreichend sein dürften.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Mass transfers of O2, CO2, and water vapor are among the key processes in the aerobic, autotrophic cultivation of moderate and extreme thermophiles. The dynamics and kinetics of these processes are, in addition to the obvious microbial kinetics, of crucial importance for the industrial desulfurization of high-pyritic coal by such thermophiles. To evaluate the role of the temperature on the gas mass transfer, kLa measurements have been used to supplement the existing published data. Oxygen mass transfer from gas (air) to liquid (5 mM H2SO4 in water) phase as a function of the temperature has been studied in a laboratory-scale fermentor. At 15, 30, 45, and 70°C, (kLa)o values (for oxygen) were determined under three different energy input conditions by the dynamic gassing in/out method. The (kLa)o was shown to increase under these conditions with increasing temperature, and straight lines were obtained when the logarithm of (kLa)o was plotted against the temperature. By multiplying the equilibrium concentration of O2 in water with (kLa)o maximal, O2 transfer capacities were calculated. It appeared that in finite of a decreased solubility of O2 at elevated temperature in mechanically mixed fermentors the calculated transfer capacities showed only minor changes for the range between 15 and 70°C. However, in an air-mixed fermentor the transfer capacity of O2 decreased slowly but steadily.Carbon dioxide mass transfer was predicted by calculations on the basis of the data for oxygen transfer. The maximal CO2 transfer capacity, calculated as the product of the equilibrium CO2 concentration times (kLa)c, decreased slowly as the temperature increased over the range 15-70°C under all three energy input conditions. Subsequent process design calculations showed that for aerobic, autotrophic cultures, CO2 limitation is more likely to occur than O2 limitation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 101-102 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas Chromatography ; Glass capillary drawing machine ; Improvements for constant inner diameter production ; 0.3 mm i.d. at least ± 1.5% precision ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1981), S. 5-9 
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Isotope dilution mass spectrometry is one of the best candidates for reference and definitive methods for the quantitative measurement of organic compounds. In this study sources of error were investigated. Where possible they were removed, and commercially available equipment had to be modified. The method was applied to the measurement of serum cholesterol. The precision is optimized and in the order of 0.5%. The mean of the recoveries of three measurements is 99.8%. The accuracy of the mean of three measurements is 0.2% if no interference are present in the gas chromatographic mass spectrometric measurements.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Polar solvents ; Coupled LC-GC ; Partially concurrent solvent evaporation ; Trace enrichment ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Coupling column liquid chromatography and gas chromatography on-line is becoming more important in analytical chemistry. Especially when large amounts of polar solvents can be introduced into the gas chromatograph without any problem, the technique will offer new possibilities. With a DPTMDS retention gap, evaporation rates and flooded zones of some solvents have been determined. Two modes of operation using partially concurrent solvent evaporation conditions are discussed: (1) injecting a sample via a loop of an LC valve followed by introduction into the gas chromatograph with an LC pump; (2) trace enrichment on a precolumn followed by on-line desorption with n-propanol into the gas chromatograph. Preliminary results for a splitter system, inserted between the retention gap and the analytical column which allows a considerable increase of the evaporation rate are also presented.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 29 (1995), S. 1061-1069 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The trabecular bone response to noncoated and fluorapatite (FA), hydroxyapatite (HA), and hydroxyapatite heattreated (HAHT) plasma-sprayed coated implants was investigated in a goat animal model. Forty-eight cylindrical implants were inserted into the trabecular bone of the lateral and medial femoral condyles of twelve goats according to a split plot design. After an implantation period of twelve weeks, the bone-implant interface was evaluated histologically. Quantitative histomorphometrical measurements demonstrated a significant difference in bone contact between implants inserted in the lateral and medial condyles. In addition, a significant difference in bone apposition was observed between the coated and the uncoated implants. Finally, all Ca-P coatings showed reduction in coating thickness. Measurements revealed that FA and HAHT showed less reduction in coating thickness than HA coating. Despite the coating reduction, the bone remained in close contact with the implant surface. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 9 (1986), S. 275-281 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Helium ion channelling, nuclear reaction profiling and x-ray photoemission measurements of CF4/X%H2 (0≤X≤40) and CCIF3/50%H2 dry etched Si surfaces are reported. It is shown that plasma exposure of a clean Si surface leads to the deposition of a thin (∼30∼50) Å thick C,F-containing film (or C,F, C1-containing in the case of CC1F3/H2 etching). A subsurface Si carbide layer is formed during reactive ion etching. The near-surface region (∼30∼50 Å) of the Si substrate is heavily disordered as found by ion channeling. A modified, less damaged layer containing a high concentration of hydrogen is formed in the case of the H2 containing gases (as shown by nuclear reaction profillin) and extends more than 250 Å from the surface. It is found that heating the plasma exposed substrates to 400°C in dry O2 for 30 min is efficient in recovering good quality Si surfaces.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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