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  • 1
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: A,C- and A,D-bridged calix[6]arene ; stationary phase ; capillary gas chromatography ; geometric and positional isomer separation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---A,C-Bridged (ACCX) and A,D-bridged isopropyldimethylsilylcalix[6]arene (ADCX) dissolved in OV-1701 were used as stationary phases in isothermal capillary gas chromatographic separation of some positional isomers. Retention factors and separation factors for the isomers were measured. The isomers investigated are well resolved on the two phases. Retention of all the solutes investigated is longer on ACCX than on ADCX. The longer retention on A,C-bridged calix[6]arene is probably due to extra inductive interactions of the solute molecule with the carbonyl moieties in the phase. Separation factors for closely eluting isomer pairs are similar on the two phases. This seems to indicate that the carbonyl moieties do not play an appreciable role in discriminating the isomer molecules on entering the cavity of the calixarene if the solute is retained by the inclusion process.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 1717-1729 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The blown films of high-density polyethylenes with unimodal and bimodal molecular weight distribution were prepared under several processing conditions, and their morphologies were extensively characterized. The high molecular weight tail (MW 〉 ∼ 106) of the molecular weight distribution seems to play a critical role on the morphology of blown highdensity polyethylene films irrespective of the molecular weight distribution mode of the resins. As the content of high molecular weight species increased, the tendency for high stress-crystallization increased and the network structure of lamellar stacks was better developed. The intercrystalline connectivity along the normal direction of lamellar stacks was higher than that along the transverse direction of lamellar stacks. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 56 (1995), S. 1625-1634 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In situ second harmonic generation (SHG) observation of PMDA-ODA-DR1 polyimide films prepared by different preparative procedures were studied to understand the effects of the residual acid and the imidization byproduct and the extent of imidization on the SHG characteristics of the PMDA-ODA-DR1 polyimides. PMDA-ODA-DR1 polyimides with or without removal of salt were also investigated to study the influence of remaining triethyl hydrogen ammonium chloride salt on the SHG characteristics and reliability of the polymers. A blue shift in the UV/vis spectrum during poling was observed for the low temperature-baked film, but did not occur for the high-temperature-baked film. Both high temperature imidization and removal of the byproduct organic salt did not only improve the poling efficiency of PMDA-ODA-DR1 polyimide as a SHG material, but also slowed down the relaxation of the film and made the film more reliable. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 60 (1996), S. 2469-2479 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: High-density polyethylenes with unimodal and bimodal molecular weight distribution have been fractionated according to crystallizability using preparative temperature rising elution fractionation. The molecular structure and thermal properties of the fractions with their whole polymers have been characterized. The average short chain branching content of the fractions obtained ranged from 0 to 8 branches per 1000 carbon atoms while that of the whole polymers is about 2 branches per 1000 carbon atoms. The bimodal resins have a slightly higher frequency of short chain branch in higher molecular weight species than in those of the unimodal resins. The short chain branching distribution as well as the low molecular weight species in the fractions seem to be important parameters to determine thermal behavior of the fractions. The fractions with the short chain branching content above 3 branches per 1000 carbon atoms showed a significantly different thermal behavior from those with less than 3 branches per 1000 carbon atoms. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Proton-transfer reactions that proceed within methanol cluster ions were studied using an electron impact time-of-flight mass spectrometer. When CH3OH seeded in helium is expanded and ionized by electron impact, the protonated species, (CH3OH)nH+, are the predominant cluster ions in the low-mass region. In CH3OD clusters, both (CH3OD)nH+ and (CH3OD)nD+ ions are observed. The ion abundance ratios, (CH3OD)nH+/(CH3OD)nD+, show a tendency to decrease as the methanol concentration increases, which is apparently related to the cluster structure and reaction energetics. The results suggest that the effective formation of (CH3OD)nH+ ions at low concentration of CH3OD in the expansion is the result of the relatively facile rotation of methanol molecules within the smaller clusters that tend to form at low CH3OD concentration. Ab initio molecular orbital calculations were carried out to investigate the rearrangement and dissociative pathways of ionized methanol dimer. Ion-neutral complexes, [CH3OH2+…O(H)CH2] and [CH3OH2+…OCH3], are found to play an important role in the low-energy pathways for production of CH3OH2+ + CH2OH (and OCH3) from ionized methanol dimer.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions that proceed within mixed ethylene-methanol cluster ions were studied using an electron impact time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The ion abundance ratio, [(C2H4)n(CH3OH)mH+]/[(C2H4)n(CH3OH)m+], shows a propensity to increase as the ethylene/methanol mixing ratio increases, indicating that the proton is preferentially bound to a methanol molecule in the heterocluster ions. The results from isotope-labelling experiments indicate that the effective formation of a protonated heterocluster is responsible for ethylene molecules in the clusters. The observed (C2H4)n(CH3OH)m+ and (C2H4)n(CH3OH)m-1CH3O+ ions are interpreted as a consequence of the ion-neutral complex and intracluster ion-molecule reaction, respectively. Experimental evidence for the stable configurations of heterocluster species is found from the distinct abundance distributions of these ions and also from the observation of fragment peaks in the mass spectra. Investigations on the relative cluster ion distribution under various conditions suggest that (C2H4)n(CH3OH)mH+ ions with n + m ≤ 3 have particularly stable structures. The result is understood on the basis of ion-molecule condensation reactions, leading to the formation of fragment ions, \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm CH}_2=\!=\mathop {\rm O}\limits^ + {\rm CH}_3 $\end{document} and (CH3OH)H3O+, and the effective stabilization by a polar molecule. The reaction energies of proposed mechanisms are presented for (C2H4)n(CH3OH)mH+(n + m ≤ 3) using semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 16 (1995), S. 510-515 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis ; Micellar electrokinetic chromatography ; Peptide sequencing ; Phenylthiohydantoin-amino acids ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Separations of twenty phenylthiohydantoin (PTH) amino acids, and amino acid derivatives, resulting from the Edman degradation of peptides and proteins, were optimized for peptide sequencing by capillary electrophoresis. Manual sequencing of angiotensin II was performed by Edman degradation and capillary electrophoresis of the PTH amino acid obtained after each cycle. The results were compared with those of an automated conventional protein sequencer. Interfacing capillary electrophoresis with Edman degradation provides an additional option for protein sequencing.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Protein staining ; Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; Calconcarboxylic acid ; Rhodamine B ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have developed a new mixed-dye protein staining method that is simple, rapid, and sensitive. A freshly prepared mixture of calconcarboxylic acid (NN, 0.02%) and rhodamine B (RB, 0.04%) in 40% methanol / 7% acetic acid, was used as a staining solution. RB acts as an auxiliary agent to inhibit the binding of NN to the gel matrix, reducing the background staining and therefore enhancing the protein staining by NN. This mixed-dye staining method reduces the total staining and destaining time to less than an hour, and increases the sensitivity to 25 ng of bovine serum albumin, which is greater than the 100 ng sensitivity limit of Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 (CBBR) staining.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 28 (1990), S. 3179-3184 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 29 (1991), S. 369-376 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 4-Methyl-2,4-bis (p-hydroxyphenyl)-1-pentene (MBHPP) was prepared from thermal cracking of bisphenol A (BPA). Unsaturated polyesters were synthesized from the polycondensation of MBHPP with diacid chlorides. Three synthetic routes - solution, interfacial, and melt polycondensation - were employed. MBHPP-polyesters with higher molecular weights were obtained by the interfacial polycondensation reaction. During the preparation of MBHPP-polysters, the products usually contain some insoluble gel, which is probably caused by the crosslinking reaction of the vinyl groups of MBHPP in the aqueous NaOH. Thus, a modified interfacial polycondensation method was proposed, in which both of the bisphenol MBHPP and diacid chloride were dissolved in organic phase and then the solution was stirred with an aqueous NaOH solution to promote the polycondensation. This method reduced the time of MBHPP present in the alkali and produced polymers with higher inherent viscosity and lower gel fraction. The effects of some variables, such as the nature of porganic solvents and phase transfer agents and the concentration of reactants, on the modified interfacial polycondensation of MBHPP with the mixture of equal parts of isophthaloyl and terephthaloyl chloride [IPC/TPC (50/50)] were investigated in some detail. Copolyesters of mixed bisphenols of BPA/MBHPP with IPC/TPC (50/50) were also prepared and characterized.
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