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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal degradation of polymers. I. Aspects of polytetrafluoroethylene degradation (1962)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 58 (1962), S. 1283-1291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The mechanism of the thermal degradation of polytetrafluoroethylene is investigated. It is shown that the chain transfer reaction should not be ignored and that a reasonable explanation for the observation that monomer is almost the exclusive product of vacuum thermal degradation is the rate of diffusion and volatilization of larger fragments from the polymer. Diffusion of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene through polytetrafluoroethylene was studied. The diffusivities are 72 and 39 × 10-10 cm.2/sec. for C2F4 and C3F6, respectively, at 24°C. An apparatus for measuring the weight and temperature of degrading polymers under vacuum is also described.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1962.1205816683
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of Rotofor in two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis: Identification of a 100 kDa monoclonal IgG heavy chain in myeloma serum (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 14 (1993), S. 1379-1381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: After preparative nondenaturing isoelectric focusing in a Rotofor of 1 mL human serum which showed on two-dimensional electrophoresis a monoclonal kappa light chain pI 〈 5.0, the monoclonal kappa light chain was identified in the tubes with pH 7.29 - pH 6.96, indicating that the chain was not free and was most likely part of an immunoglobulin molecule. The combined fractions of the Rotofor were concentrated back to 1 mL and aliquots were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis, followed by Western blotting. Enzyme immunoassay of the blot with A′ human IgG (γ chain specific) revealed a monoclonal heavy chain at a molecular size of approximately 100 kDa. Diffuse areas at 50 kDa (the attributed size of γ heavy chain), 100 kDa, and 150 kDa were stained also, but the strong, restricted (picket fence) bands indicating a monoclonal pattern were at 100 kDa. The monoclonal light chain appears to be part of a large or dimeric IgG molecule.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.11501401213
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of immunoglobulin patterns in monoclonal gammopathies (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 13 (1992), S. 440-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis was performed on 24 serum samples from patients diagnosed with monoclonal gammopathies. These samples had been shown to have a homogeneous immunoglobulin (M component) by zone electrophoresis and immunofixation. Using 2-D electrophoresis, the nature of this aberrant protein was further analyzed. It has been presumed that the sharp, dark stained band identified by immunofixation was the production of a monoclonal immunoglobulin. The increased resolution afforded by 2-D methodology reveals several different patterns. On 2-D electrophoresis, a monoclonal antibody has a unique pattern. It consists of 3 to 6 strong, restricted heavy chain bands and a single distorted light chain spot. The 3-6 bands are microheterogeneity of the isoelectric point, attributed to posttranslational glycosylation and/or amidation/ deamidation. Analysis by 2-D electrophoresis indicated only 5 samples with a true monoclonal pattern. All but 2 of the samples clearly had aberrant immunoglobulin, but interpretation of the pattern would suggest the protein is other than a fully synthesized monoclonal antibody. The samples showed the following: a monoclonal heavy chain pattern with multiple distorted light chain spots, only an aberrant light chain area, only an aberrant heavy chain, and only a polyclonal increase. Several IgG gammopathies had, in addition, concentrations of gamma heavy chain at a reduced size (34 kDa).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150130191
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of acetylene terminated sulfone (ATS) resin. I. Chemical characterization of the resin (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 665-677 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An acetylene terminated sulfone resin mixture, prepared under contract for the Air Force, was subjected to a fairly extensive compositional analysis. Monomer, dimer, higher oligomers, solvents, and anomalous side products of synthesis were isolated, identified, and quantified using separatory procedures such as column chromatography and thin film flash distillation, in conjunction with techniques of chemical analysis such as infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, and elemental analysis. By these means we were able to precisely characterize the resin mixture and, by so doing, identify some side products of synthesis; most notably, a class of abnormal coupling product able to chelato palladium (a catalyst used in acetylation of the resin) and, therefore, accelerate subsequent acetylene polymerizations in the resin mixture.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070420312
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of acetylene terminated sulfone (ATS) resin. II. Thermal analysis of the resin (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 679-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The kinetics and thermodynamics of the cure and post-cure reactions of an acetylene terminated sulfone (ATS) resin mixture and pure fractions from that mixture were studied using differential scanning calorimetry. Thermal stabilities were measured by programmed thermogravimetry under helium, and oxidative stabilities using isothermal thermogravimetry in air. Microstructural changes accompanying the cure reaction were identified using infrared spectroscopy. Early products of thermal degradation were trapped for identification and quantitative analysis using the technique of sub-ambient thermal volatilization analysis. We found that glass transition temperatures increase with crosslink density in the resin, that oxygen is able to copolymerize or couple with the polyenes to produce peroxides or hydroperoxides (respectively) which subsequently decompose to form terminal alcohols on the polyene, that weight loss in air at 600°F is an oxidative process that is insensitive to resin crosslink density, and that sulfone functionality constitutes the thermal weak link in the ATS resin system.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070420313
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Annealing of plasticized PVC. Dilatometric and DSC observations (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 1395-1400 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Isothermal dilatometric measurements on quenched, plasticized PVC have been made at a series of temperatures, and a mathematical expression has been obtained to described the specific volume as a function of time. The results of these measurements, along with those obtained using differential scanning colorimetry (DSC) for the change in enthalpy accompanying annealing, clearly show a change in the character of the annealing process with rising temperature; but the underlying molecular kinetic mechanism apparently remains unchanged.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070210521
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aqueous solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 116 (1968), S. 96-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Das Verhalten von Polyvinylpyrrolidon in Wasser und in Salzlösungen wurde durch Messungen der Wärmekapazitäten, der spezifischen Volumina und der reduzierten Viskositäten untersucht. Die Lösungswärmen von PVP in Wasser liegen bei ungefähr -4 kcal/mol Monomereneinheit, während sie im Falle der Salzlösungen niedriger sind. Die Resultate werden im Lichte des Mechanismus für den Stabilisierungseffekt. den hydrophile Kolloide auf hydrophobe ausüben, diskutiert. Es wurde kein Hinwels für die Existenz von „strukturiertem Wasser“ in der Nähe der Polymeren gefunden; somit scheint es nicht möglich zu sein, die Stabilisierung des Kolloids durch Hydrathüllen von „eisähnlichem Wasser“ zu erklären. Es wird ein Stabilisierungsmechanismus vorgeschlagen, der auf einer Erhöhung der Mischungswärmen des Kolloids in Wasser beruht.
    Notes: The properties of polyvinylpyrrolidone, in water and salt solutions, are examined by measuring the heat capacities, specific volumes and reduced viscosities. The heats of solution in water are of the order of -4 kcal per mole of monomer unit, they are decreased in the presence of salts. The results are discussed in terms of the mechanism of the stabilizing effect of hydrophylic colloids on hydrophobic ones. No evidence is found in terms of the existence of more “structural water” in the vicinities of the polymer molecules; this is taken to imply that stabilization is not effected through hydration multilayers of “ice-like water”. A mechanism of stabilization based on the signs and magnitudes of the heats of solution of colloids in water is proposed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1968.021160109
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneous nucleation and growth of spherulites from a polycaprolactone (poly(1-oxy-6-oxohexamethylene)) melt (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 175 (1974), S. 2483-2488 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wird über den Beginn einer Untersuchung zur Kristallisationskinetik von Polycaprolacton (Poly(1-oxy-6-oxohexamethylene) (1)) berichtet. Die primäre Keimbildung und das primäre Sphärolith-Wachstum aus der Polymerschmelze werden bei hinreichend hohen Temperaturen verfolgt, wodurch sichergestellt ist, daß das Wachstum der Kristallite durch Keimbildung bestimmt ist. Die kinetischen Daten werden weitgehend mit Hilfe des Avrami-Modells interpretiert, welches sich gut auf die Kristallisation von 1 anwenden ließ.
    Notes: A kinetic crystallization study of polycaprolactone (poly(1-oxy-6-oxohexamethylene) (1)) has been initiated to investigate the primary nucleation and primary spherulitic growth from a polymer melt at temperatures that are high enough to insure nucleation-limited crystallite growth. The analysis of the kinetic data is largely made on the basis of an Avrami model which proved to be well suited for the interpretation of the crystallization of 1.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1974.021750821
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    31P CIDNP in the free radical reactions of dialkyl phosphitesPaper presented at the International Symposium on Chemically Induced Dynamic Polarisation of Nuclei and Electrons, Tallinn, Estonian SSR, 13th to 16th August 1972. (1973)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 5 (1973), S. 487-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polarisation of phosphorus nuclei (31P CIDNP) takes place during the homolytic reactions of dialkyl phosphites. The mechanisms of 31P CIDNP and the corresponding chemical reactions are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270051010
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    31P CIDNP in the reactions of phosphoranyl radicalsPaper presented at the International Symposium on Chemically Induced Dynamic Polarisation of Nuclei and Electrons, Tallinn, Estonian SSR, 13th to 16th August 1972. (1973)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 5 (1973), S. 497-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polarisation of phosphorus nuclei (31P CIDNP) during the free radical reactions of triakyl and triaryl phosphites proceeding via intermediate phosphoranyl radicals is discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270051011
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