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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An automatic apparatus for continuous suspension culture with a concentrating device (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 18 (1976), S. 1497-1506 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A chemostat in which mammalian cells can be raised in continuous suspension culture is described. It is constructed from commercially available parts. This apparatus has the advantage over earlier models in that the medium can be pumped off free of cells, thus suddenly increasing the cell concentration in the culture. The apparatus has been successfully used in studies on contact inhibition.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260181102
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Oberflächenverbindungen von Übergangsmetallen. XIV. Koordinative ungesättigte Oberflächenverbindungen von Vanadium(III) auf SilicagelProfessor Walter Hieber zum 80. Geburtstage in Dankbarkeit gewidmet (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 426 (1976), S. 141-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Surface Compounds of Transition Metals. XIV. Coordinatively Unsaturated Surface Compounds of Vanadium(III) on SilicagelVanadium(V) reacts with silicagel (aqueous impregnation, activation in O2 at 800°C) to a colourless highly dispersed surface compound, which can be reduced by CO to coordinatively unsaturated violet surface vanadium(III). Reoxydation with O2 forms a deep-blue surface peroxide under chemiluminescence; heat treatment at 300°C reconstitutes the original vanadium(V) surface compound with simultaneous loss of 1/2 O2.
    Notes: Vanadium(V) bildet bei wäßriger Dotierung und nachfolgender Aktivierung (O2, 800°C) auf Silicagel farblose, hochdisperse Oberflächenverbindungen, die sich mit CO zu koordinativ ungesättigtem, violettem Oberflächen-Vanadium(III) reduzieren lassen. Reoxydation mit O2 führt unter Chemilumineszenz zunächst zu einem tiefblauen Oberflächen-Peroxid , das beim Erwärmen auf 300°C unter Abgabe von 1/2 O2 vollständig in das ursprüngliche Vanadium(V) übergeht.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19764260202
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of trimellitic anhydride in workplace air using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 9 (1986), S. 308-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: High performance liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Reverse phase ; Internal standard ; Trimellitic anhydride ; Air sample ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240090516
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Herstellung und Eignung mikrosphärischer Silicagele für die Säulenchromatographie (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 451 (1979), S. 82-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Preparation and Suitability of Microspherical Silicas for the Column ChromatographyMicrospherical silicas with particle sizes up to 1 m̈m having nonspherical portions of ≤ 1 percent have been prepared using polyethoxysiloxane (polyester). An acid treatment of the hydrogels resulted in larger specific surfaces of the final products.The synthetized silica gels are excellently suitable for chromatographic purposes in dependence on their specific surface and their average pore diameter, resp.For the rapid determination of types of compounds by means of the micro fluorescent indicator adsorption analysis (MFIA) already crude gels could be used without any fractionation. Their specific surfaces had to be within the range of 500 ± 200 m2 g-1. For the use in the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) efficient supports should have specific surfaces in the range of 500 ± 300 m2 g-1. In this case the lower limiting value is determined by the capacity factors of the separation problem.Spheroids with surfaces of 200 ± 150 m2 g-1 have been obtained following the gel synthesis by hydrothermal treatment. These gels, however, were characterized by greater heights for theoretical plates in comparison with the initial gel.With gels, having surfaces in the range of 200 and 840 m2 g-1, the chromatographic investigation resulted in selectivity factors being independent of the surface. The capacity factors were strictly proportional to the specific surface of the support.
    Notes: Es wurde mikrosphärisches Silicagel mit Korngrößen bis zu 1 m̈m bei nichtsphärischen Anteilen ≤ 1% unter Verwendung von Polyäthoxysiloxan (Polyester) hergestellt. Saure Behandlung der Hydrogele führte zu höheren spezifischen Oberflächen der Endprodukte.Die synthetisierten Silicagele eigneten sich in Abhängigkeit von ihrer spezifischen Oberfläche bzw. ihrem mittleren Porendurchmesser ausgezeichnet zur Chromatographie.Für die schnelle Stoffgruppenbestimmung mittels Mikro-Fluoreszenzindikator-Adsorptionsanalyse (MFIA) konnten bereits Rohgele ohne Fraktionsierung Verwendung finden. Ihre spezifischen Oberflächen mußten innerhalb 500 ± 200 m2 g-1 liegen. Zum Einsatz in der schnellen Flüssigchromatographie (HPLC) sollten leistungsfähige Träger spezifische Oberflächen im Bereich 500 ± 300 m2 g-1 aufweisen. Hier richtet sich der untere Grenzwert nach den Kapazitätsfaktoren des Trennproblems.Sphäroide mit Oberflächen von 200 ± 150 m2 g-1 wurden im Anschluß an die Gelsynthese durch hydrothermales Altern gewonnen. Diese Gele zeigten jedoch im Vergleich zum Ausgangsgel größere theroretische Trennstufenhöhen.Die chromatographische Untersuchung ergab an Gelen mit Oberflächen zwischen 200 und 840 m2 g-1 oberflächenunabhängige Selektivitätsfaktoren. Die Kapazitätsfaktoren waren der spezifischen Trägeroberfläche streng proportional.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19794510113
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetische Racematspaltungen ausgehend von rac-Alkoholen oder rac-Carbonsäurehalogeniden unter Mitwirkung optisch aktiver Induktorbasen (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1989 (1989), S. 533-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Resolution, kinetic ; Chiral tertiary amines ; Chiral esters ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Kinetic Resolutions Starting with rac-Alcohols or rac-Acyl Halides Using Optically Active Inductor BasesIn the reaction of one mole equivalent of achiral acyl halides with two equivalents of rac-alcohols in the presence of one equivalent of an optically active inductor base (tertiary amine) partially optically active esters and partially optically active alcohols are formed, having in some cases high optical purity (60 - 70%). The alcohol moiety of the ester and the unchanged alcohol are of opposite configuration. Treatment of two equivalents of rac-acylhalides with one equivalent of an achiral alcohol and an inductor base also leads to a high degree of optical induction. The carbonic acid moiety in the ester and the unchanged acid are of opposite configuration. The optical induction is influenced a) by the ligands linked to the reaction centers, b) by the relative quantities of the reacting partners, c) by the solvent, and d) by the temperature.
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung eines Moläquivalents achiraler Carbonsäurehalogenide mit zwei Moläquivalenten rac-Alkoholen entstehen unter Mitwirkung von einem Moläquivalent einer optisch aktiven Induktorbase (tertiäres Amin) partiell optisch aktive Ester sowie partiell optisch aktive Alkohole in zum Teil hoher optischer Reinheit (60 - 70%). Der im Ester gebundene Anteil an Alkohol sowie der nicht umgesetzte Alkohol haben entgegengesetzte Konfiguration. Der Induktionsgrad ist ähnlich hoch, wenn man zwei Moläquivalente eines rac-Carbonsäurehalogenids mit je einem Moläquivalent eines achiralen Alkohols und einer Induktorbase umsetzt. Der Carbonsäureanteil im Ester und die freie Säure haben entgegengesetzte Konfiguration. Die optischen Induktionen werden beeinflußt a) durch die Art der mit den Reaktionszentren verknüpften Liganden, b) durch die relativen Mengen der Reaktionspartner, c) durch das Lösungsmittel und d) durch die Temperatur.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.198919890194
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectra and structure of small ring compounds. XLIXFor Part XLVIII, see J. Chem. Phys. 86, 545 (1987). - Raman and infrared spectra, conformational analysis and vibrational assignment of methylcyclobutane and methyl-d3-cyclobutane (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 18 (1987), S. 581-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman (3500-20 cm-1) and infrared (3500-50 cm-1) spectra of gaseous and solid methylcyclobutane and methyl-d3-cyclobutane have been recorded. Additionally, the Raman spectra of the pure liquids have been recorded and qualitative depolarization values have been obtained. The spectra have been interpreted on the basis that both the axial and equatorial conformers are present in the fluid phases and that the equatorial form is thermodynamically preferred and the only form present in the annealed solid. All 39 of the normal vibrational modes have been assigned for both the d0 and d3 compounds. An abundance of spectral evidence is presented which indicates extensive coupling between the vibrations associated with the ring and those of the methyl group. The CH3 internal torsional mode has been observed in the Raman spectrum of the solid at 232 cm-1 and utilizing this frequency the periodic threefold barrier to internal rotation has been calculated to be 1190 cm-1 (3.40 kcal mol-1). The fundamental ring puckering mode has been assigned from the Raman spectra of the gases to weak features observed at 161 and 154 cm-1 for the d0 and d3 compounds, respectively. All of these results are compared with the corresponding quantities for some similar molecules.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250180809
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