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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 23 (1992), S. 197-200 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: A Laser-Interferometer for Non-contacting Measurements of Displacements in the Range of NanometersA prototype laser-interferometer with a computer-aided control and evaluation system was developed and attached to a commercial tensile testing equipment for testing. With microhardness indentations as markers it is possible to determine displacement changes with a resolution of about one nanometer. The capabilities of this test system are demonstrated e.g. by measurements of the static Young's modulus, the determination of the crack opening behaviour and the coefficient of thermal expansion of Cu-specimens.
    Notes: Ein Laser-Interferometer mit einem rechnergestützten Auswerteverfahren wurde in einer Prototypentwicklung an eine kommerzielle Zugprüfmaschine angepaßt und erprobt. Mit Hilfe von als Meßmarken dienenden Mikrohärteeindrücken erlaubt dieses Meßsystem. Abstandsänderungen mit einer Auflösung von etwa 1 Nanometer zu bestimmen. Die Funktionsfähigkeit dieser Meßanordnung wird an Beispielen der E-Modulmessung der Bestimmung des Rißöffnungsverhaltens und des Wärmeausdehnungs-koeffizienten von Cu-Proben demonstriert.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 10 (1976), S. 571-581 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A cementable endosteal blade implant has been developed and evaluated. Inherent in the design are the following factors: minimization of stress concentrators, ease of implantation, and high resistance to loosening. Other potential advantages of this design as compared with conventional endosteal blade implants include reduced hazards of postoperative infection and reduced likelihood of metallic corrosion.Six conventional endosteal implants and six cementable implants were installed in steer mandibles using standard dental surgical techniques and Simplexbrand methyl methacrylate bone cement. They were loaded in uniaxial compression at a loading rate of 0.0122 in./min. The stiffness (S), deformation at 900-lb load (D900), proportional limit (PL), and load at 0.04 in. deformation (L0.04) were calculated for each test.The cementable design showed a twofold increase in stiffness, only 17% of the deformation at 900 lb, more than twice the proportional limit, and at least twice the load at 0.04 in. deformation when compared with similar values for the conventional endosteal implants.This study reveals that, in addition to being unstable in bone, conventional endosteal implants are also unstable when used with acrylic bone cement. The new design should eliminate most of the problems associated with endosteal blade implantation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 197 (1992), S. 185-199 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: PET- und PA 66-Textilien wurden unter normalen Bedingungen mit verschiedenen Dispersionsfarbstoffen gefärbt. Die gefärbten Textilien wurden mit 180 kV Elektronenstrahlung bestrahlt. Es wurde beobachtet, daß, verglichen mit den unbestrahlten Materialien, zunehmende Strahlungsdosen zu einer Zunahme des Gesamtfarbabstandes dE führten. Diese Farbunterschiede werden hauptsächlich von zwei Reaktionen verursacht: Erstens von der reversiblen Bildung von Farbstoffradikalen, die (an Luft) wieder zu den Ausgangsfarbstoffen reoxidiert werden können und zweitens durch die irreversible Reaktion von Farbstoffmolekülen mit dem Faserpolymeren. Die zweite Reaktion ruft eine permanente Farbänderung des Textils hervor, die bei entsprechenden Bestrahlungsbedingungen klein gehalten werden kann. Die Entscheidung, ob diese Veränderung toleriert werden kann, hängt von der weiteren Verwendung des Textils ab.
    Notes: PET and PA 66 fabrics were dyed with different disperse dyes under regular conditions. The dyed fabrics were irradiated with 180 kV electron radiation. It was observed that increasing radiation doses led to increasing total color differences dE if compared to the unirradiated materials.These color differences are mainly caused by two types of reactions. First by the reversible formation of dye radicals, which can be reoxidized (in air) to the original dye molecules, and second by the irreversible reaction of dye molecules with the fiber polymer. The latter reaction causes a permanent change of the color of the fabric, which can be kept low with the proper irradiation conditions. The decision whether or not this change can be tolerated depends on the further use of the textile.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 5 (1967), S. 697-713 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have generated solutions to the Lamm equation to examine the effects of concentration dependence on velocity experiments. Two forms of c dependence are considered: s/s0 = 1 - kc and s/s0 = (1 + kc)-1. Features of these solutions are discussed. The magnitude of the errors resulting from the usual procedure of measuring the rate of movement of schlieren maxima or of the position at which the concentration is one half the plateau value have been examined. These errors are usually negligible after sufficient centrifugation time. The errors in using the half-plateau concentration are less than those using the movement of the peak. We have also examined a technique due to Fujita for determining D from boundary spreading when s/s0 = (1+kc)-1. This method is satisfactory when s/s0 is actually of this form, or under certain limitations when s/s0 = (1 + kc)-1. Creeth has shown that under certain conditions the concentration gradient, curve remains virtually unchanged in shape after separating from the meniscus. When this occurs it is possible to estimate s/D from the data. The condition for such a steady state is that kc0 be sufficiently large. Numerical confirmation of this method is presented in the final section.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 9 (1970), S. 865-874 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A common approximation for deriving solutions to the Lamm equation is to neglect diffusion. This paper presents a singular perturbation technique that allows one to estimate the band spreading due to nonzero diffusion coefficient. We illustrate the general mathematical technique by its application to sedimentation when pressure effects are important. Comparison of the approximate solution with accurate numerical solutions shows that the relative errors are of the order of 1% both for concentration and concentration gradient for parameters of chemical interest.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Lamm equation has been solved numerically for conditions corresponding to equilibrium runs for a nonlinear concentration dependence of the form s/s0 = (1 + kc)-1. It is shown that the approach to equilibrium is very close to being exponential (in time) as in the case k = 0. We also compare results for the nonlinear case given above with results obtained for linear c-dependence of the form s/s0 = 1 - kc. For relatively high speeds the time required to attain equilibrium may be greatly underestimated by use of the latter approximation. Finally, we present analytic approximations for the concentration distribution at equilibrium and as a function of time.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper gives an account, of the numerical technique used to derive results to he presented in future papers of this series.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 11 (1972), S. 2125-2130 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Previous analyses of solute behavior in analytical gel chromatography1,2 have allowed for a finite equilibration time between stationary and mobile phases in estimating the magnitude of axial dispersion coefficients, but have ignored these effects in formulating the continuity equations for solute transport. We develop a more accurate theory including the equilibration effect, and show experimentally that it can be disregarded after approximately two minutes from the start of a small-zone experiment.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 12 (1973), S. 2477-2490 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The possibility of convection in velocity sedimentation studies on pressure dependent associating systems is known both experimentally and theoretically. We present accurate numerical solutions to the Lamm equation to illustrate this phenomenon for monomer-polymer systems. An approximate theory based on the absence of diffusion is then developed to predict the onset of convection. Comparison of the theory with the numerical solutions shows it to be quite accurate.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 33 (1993), S. 838-844 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Extruded films of liquid crystalline polymer (LCP)/fluoropolymer blends were melt drawn to develop uniaxial orientation of a microfibrillar dispersed LCP phase. The anisotropy of the films increased with increasing draw and LCP content in the blend. Laminated composite plates were prepared using the extruded sheets as prepreg. The mechanical properties and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the prepreg and laminates agreed well with predictions from composite lamination theories. The potential for replacing glass fiber reinforced fluoropolymers with LCP/fluoropolymer blends in applications such as microwave circuit boards is discussed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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