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  • BIOTECHNOLOGY  (275)
  • Humans
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • 1970-1974  (414)
Collection
Keywords
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Years
Year
  • 1
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    Shuttle- Life support, protective systems, and crew system interface technology (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Space shuttle life support, protective and crew system interfaces, discussing food and waste management and accident procedures
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; VUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Optimization of life support systems and their systems reliability (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The identification, analysis, and optimization of life support systems and subsystems have been investigated. For each system or subsystem that has been considered, the procedure involves the establishment of a set of system equations (or mathematical model) based on theory and experimental evidences; the analysis and simulation of the model; the optimization of the operation, control, and reliability; analysis of sensitivity of the system based on the model; and, if possible, experimental verification of the theoretical and computational results. Research activities include: (1) modeling of air flow in a confined space; (2) review of several different gas-liquid contactors utilizing centrifugal force: (3) review of carbon dioxide reduction contactors in space vehicles and other enclosed structures: (4) application of modern optimal control theory to environmental control of confined spaces; (5) optimal control of class of nonlinear diffusional distributed parameter systems: (6) optimization of system reliability of life support systems and sub-systems: (7) modeling, simulation and optimal control of the human thermal system: and (8) analysis and optimization of the water-vapor eletrolysis cell.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-136276
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Body water compartments during bed rest: Evaluation of analytical methods (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Nine healthy young men were studied to determine the reproducibility and interchangeability of the use of radio-iodinated human serum albumin and Evans Blue dye for estimating plasma volume, sodium bromide for extracellular fluid volume, and deuterium oxide for total body water volume. All subjects were tested in a semibasal condition and allowed to rest for at least 30 min. after arriving at the laboratory. The results indicate that there was uniform distribution of I131 and Evans Blue dye 10 min. after injection and of NaBr and D2O 3 hours after oral ingestion; the buildup of residual tracer did not interfere appreciably with the measurement of either or Evans Blue spaces when they are administered at equal intervals, and the buildup of background tracer after ingestion of NaBr and D2O once per week for three consecutive weeks did not affect the accuracy of the measurement. It was found that I131 and Evans Blue may be used interchangeably for estimating plasma volume; for estimating bromide and D2O spaces, one 3-hour equilibrium blood sample gives results similar to the extrapolation of multiple samples.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TR-R-406 , A-4656
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histogenesis of Swiss white mouse secondary palate from nine and one-half days to fifteen and one-half days In utero. I. Epithelial-mesenchymal relationships - light and electron microscopyThis work was supported by Research grant DE 03002 from the National Institute of Dental Research, NIH. (1970)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 130 (1970), S. 435-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Development of the secondary palate in Swiss white mouse embroyos was studied from age nine-and-one-half days in utero to the stage of mesenchymal coalescence in the secondary palate (approximately fifteen-and-one-half days). The greatest changes observed occur in the mesenchyme. At early stages, mesenchymal cells underlying oral ectoderm of the head are few and only occasionally contact the ectoderm. Electron micrographs show large intercellular spaces between the ectodermal cells. As embryogenesis continues, the mesenchymal cells become more numerous, closer to each other and closer to the epithelium. Just prior to horizontal transposition of shelves, the mesenchymal cells spread farther from each other and from the palatal epithelium and epithelium of the palatal tip becomes stretched. Ultrastructurally the intercellular spaces between epithelial cells of the palate tip have become much smaller. Some mitochondria in some epithelial cells are swollen and have clear matrices and distorted cristae. The shelves become horizontal and meet in the midpalate. Cells with degeneration bodies are seen in the epithelial seam. The seam undergoes autolysis and is replaced by mesenchyme. The morphological changes described, particularly in the mesenchyme, may play an important role in determining the effect of various teratogens at different stages of palatal development. The changes in both mesenchyme and epithelial cells in the later stages may constitute part of the process of preparing shelves for fusion as postulated by Pourtois ('66).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051300404
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Susceptibility to polycythemia of hemopoietic spleen colonies produced by cultured embryonal liver cells (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 78 (1971), S. 405-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The survival of colony-forming cells in organ cultures of the mouse embryonal liver was studied. During cultivation colony-forming cells acquire the type of regulation characteristic of the adult organism. Factors affecting the change in the type of regulation from embryonal to adult of the hemopoietic stem cells in cultures are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040780309
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective and nonselective isolation of temperature-sensitive mutants of mouse L-cells and their characterizationSupported by the Medical Research Council of Canada and the National Cancer Institute of Canada. (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 78 (1971), S. 431-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mutants of mouse L-cells which are temperature-sensitive for growth have been obtained by using both selective and nonselective isolation procedures on populations treated with the mutagen nitrosoguanidine. Selective isolation was carried out by utilizing a five-day treatment with 3H-TdR and ara-C as selective agents at the nonpermissive temperature. Nonselective isolation was performed by isolating 1400 clones in the absence of selective agents and then testing them for temperature-sensitivity. From this experiment we obtained a minimum estimate of 6 × 10-3 for the frequency of mutants in the mutagentreated population. The mutants were characterized by their plating efficiencies, growth in suspension culture, and uptake of isotopic precursors of DNA, RNA, and protein. A range in phenotypes was observed, and there appeared to be some differences between the mutants obtained by the two types of isolation procedures. In uptake experiments the most marked reductions in the rates of precursor incorporation were seen with 3H-TdR, rather than 3H-UR or 3H-Leu. Different mutant lines showed considerable variation in the rate of cessation of DNA synthesis as well as the time required for termination of cell division. These experiments suggest that both types of isolation procedures are feasible for obtaining temperature-sensitive mutants having a range of phenotypes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040780312
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells in culture of embryonal liver of mice (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 78 (1971), S. 461-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The vinblastine technique was used to demonstrate that the proliferative capacity of colony-forming cells in organ culture of embryonal liver of mice between the first and seventeenth day of cultivation is adequately high. The relative content of CFU increases in culture with a maximum between one and two weeks.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040780315
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycolytic enzyme activity in developing red and white muscle (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 83 (1974), S. 251-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The activities of the constant proportion enzymes of the Embden-Meyerhof chain (triose phosphate isomerase (TIM), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) and enolase (ENOL)), and the activity of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were studied in developing red (trapezius) and white (longissimus) muscles of the pig from a fetal stage to 24 weeks postnatal. Both muscles were differentiated by two weeks postnatal in the sense that they had reached the adult level of enzyme activity. Enzyme activities were two- to three-fold greater in the longissimus than in the trapezius. Enzyme activity ratios based on GAPDH were not consistent in the fetal and day 1 samples but were consistent during later stages of growth. Ratios of enzyme activity based on activity at 105 days gestation revealed that TIM, PGK and PGM are grouped and follow the same pattern, but GAPDH and ENOL are quite different from each other and from the pattern shown by TIM, PGK and PGM. The constant proportion concept in developing muscle is therefore questioned.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040830211
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium accumulation by isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle during development in tissue cultureThis investigation was supported in part by a research contract, Project 3A061102B71R-02, from the Army, Washington, D. C. (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 80 (1972), S. 431-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The calcium uptake and ATPase activities of isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum were studied during the first six days of chick skeletal muscle maturation in tissue culture. Statistically significant increases in these activities were observed between the second and the sixth day of maturation. Increases in oxalate-dependent calcium uptake were demonstrated at concentrations of 2.5 × 10-5 M calcium and 10-4 M calcium. Calcium-binding determinations conducted in the absence of oxalate displayed changes manifested by an increase at day 5 followed by a significant decrease at day 6. Increases in total ATPase activity during maturation paralleled the sequential increases in calcium uptake. Calcium-stimulated ATPase activity, however, did not change significantly during periods of marked increase in calcium uptake, suggesting that these activities are dissociated during development of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. These data demonstrate that calcium uptake and total ATPase activity increase during muscle maturation in tissue culture and that these activities are present prior to spontaneous contractions.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040800313
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell cycle dependent modulations of the surface membrane of normal and SV40 virus transformed 3T3 cells (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 84 (1974), S. 343-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Agglutinability with Concanavalin was studied as function of cell cycle transition in normal and SV40 virus transformed 3T3 cells. In synchronized cultures of normal cells, agglutinbility was high during mitosis and disappeared rapidly. Agglutinability of transformed cells remained high in G1 phase but diminished gradually upon entering S phase and reached minimum in G1 phase. Decreased agglutinability a the end of the cell cycle was also observed in synchronous SV3T3 cultures by a combined technique of haemadsorption and density gradient centrifugation. In normal 3T3 cells, similar variations in agglutin ability during interphase could not be observed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040840303
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