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  • 1
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    A redox switch in angiotensinogen modulates angiotensin release (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-10-12
    Description: Blood pressure is critically controlled by angiotensins, which are vasopressor peptides specifically released by the enzyme renin from the tail of angiotensinogen-a non-inhibitory member of the serpin family of protease inhibitors. Although angiotensinogen has long been regarded as a passive substrate, the crystal structures solved here to 2.1 A resolution show that the angiotensin cleavage site is inaccessibly buried in its amino-terminal tail. The conformational rearrangement that makes this site accessible for proteolysis is revealed in our 4.4 A structure of the complex of human angiotensinogen with renin. The co-ordinated changes involved are seen to be critically linked by a conserved but labile disulphide bridge. Here we show that the reduced unbridged form of angiotensinogen is present in the circulation in a near 40:60 ratio with the oxidized sulphydryl-bridged form, which preferentially interacts with receptor-bound renin. We propose that this redox-responsive transition of angiotensinogen to a form that will more effectively release angiotensin at a cellular level contributes to the modulation of blood pressure. Specifically, we demonstrate the oxidative switch of angiotensinogen to its more active sulphydryl-bridged form in the maternal circulation in pre-eclampsia-the hypertensive crisis of pregnancy that threatens the health and survival of both mother and child.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3024006/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3024006/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhou, Aiwu -- Carrell, Robin W -- Murphy, Michael P -- Wei, Zhenquan -- Yan, Yahui -- Stanley, Peter L D -- Stein, Penelope E -- Broughton Pipkin, Fiona -- Read, Randy J -- 082961/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- BS/05/002/18361/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- MC_U105663142/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- PG/08/041/24818/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- PG/09/072/27945/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 4;468(7320):108-11. doi: 10.1038/nature09505. Epub 2010 Oct 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK. awz20@cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20927107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Angiotensinogen/blood/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Angiotensins/chemistry/*metabolism/secretion ; Blood Pressure ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Disulfides/chemistry/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; Pre-Eclampsia/blood/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Protein Conformation ; *Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Renin/chemistry/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Mechanism of two classes of cancer mutations in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase catalytic subunit (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-07-14
    Description: Many human cancers involve up-regulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase PI3Kalpha, with oncogenic mutations identified in both the p110alpha catalytic and the p85alpha regulatory subunits. We used crystallographic and biochemical approaches to gain insight into activating mutations in two noncatalytic p110alpha domains-the adaptor-binding and the helical domains. A structure of the adaptor-binding domain of p110alpha in a complex with the p85alpha inter-Src homology 2 (inter-SH2) domain shows that oncogenic mutations in the adaptor-binding domain are not at the inter-SH2 interface but in a polar surface patch that is a plausible docking site for other domains in the holo p110/p85 complex. We also examined helical domain mutations and found that the Glu545 to Lys545 (E545K) oncogenic mutant disrupts an inhibitory charge-charge interaction with the p85 N-terminal SH2 domain. These studies extend our understanding of the architecture of PI3Ks and provide insight into how two classes of mutations that cause a gain in function can lead to cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miled, Nabil -- Yan, Ying -- Hon, Wai-Ching -- Perisic, Olga -- Zvelebil, Marketa -- Inbar, Yuval -- Schneidman-Duhovny, Dina -- Wolfson, Haim J -- Backer, Jonathan M -- Williams, Roger L -- GM55692/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MC_U105184308/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 13;317(5835):239-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17626883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Catalytic Domain ; Cattle ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Dimerization ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; src Homology Domains
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Crystal structure of the repetitive segments of spectrin (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-12-24
    Description: The elongated proteins of the spectrin family (dystrophin, alpha-actinin, and spectrin) contain tandemly repeated segments and form resilient cellular meshworks by cross-linking actin filaments. The structure of one of the repetitive segments of alpha-spectrin was determined at a 1.8 angstrom resolution. A segment consists of a three-helix bundle. A model of the interface between two tandem segments suggests that hydrophobic interactions between segments may constrain intersegment flexibility. The helix side chain interactions explain how mutations that are known to produce hemolytic anemias disrupt spectrin associations that sustain the integrity of the erythrocyte membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yan, Y -- Winograd, E -- Viel, A -- Cronin, T -- Harrison, S C -- Branton, D -- CA 13202/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL 17411/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Dec 24;262(5142):2027-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8266097" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Crystallization ; Drosophila ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; Spectrin/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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