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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The variation in the sea level of the semi-closed Baltic Sea has been monitored in several complimentary ways. Now GRACE provides a method to directly measure the total mass variability in the Baltic. Using in situ and modelled Baltic data, we show that GRACE is able to recover the variation in the total water mass. We derive sea level surfaces from tide gauge data and estimate steric effects using hydrodynamic models as well as in situ salinity and temperature measurements for their verification. With its areal extent (~400 km x 1000 km) as well as fast temporal variations (hourly to monthly), the Baltic Sea provides a challenging test field for the temporal and spatial resolution of GRACE. We use both the standard monthly GRACE gravity field solutions and regional solutions and compare their capability to recover Baltic water mass variations. Due to spatial averaging, the GRACE mass estimates over the elongated area are contaminated by signals outside the region. The contribution of continental hydrology can be removed using water storage models to estimate mass variations on surrounding land areas. We discuss the processing steps required for the different GRACE solutions to improve the GRACE mass estimates for the Baltic, including mitigation of signal leakage as a result of spatial filtering. The capability of GRACE to recover internal mass redistributions in the Baltic is also investigated. Finally, we discuss the reduction of the Baltic contribution for studying land-uplift signal due to post-glacial rebound.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 2
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    In:  Gravity, Geoid and Earth Observation : IAG Commission 2: Gravity Field, Chania, Crete, Greece, 23-27 June 2008 | International Association of Geodesy Symposia ; 135
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The monthly variation in the water mass of the semi-enclosed Baltic Sea is about 60 Gt RMS over an area of 390000km2 . The Baltic has a dense network of tide gauges (TGs), and several high-resolution regional hydrodynamic models, making it one of the best-monitored seas for mass variations of this size in the world. We investigate the performance of different GRACE gravity field solutions to recover this oceanic mass variation using in situ measurements of sea-level heights. For GRACE, we use both the standard monthly solutions as well as regional solutions to estimate the total water storage in the Baltic Sea. For the “ground truth”, we use sea-level measurements in the network of tide gauges around the Baltic Sea. For comparison, we have access to data from two hydrodynamic models. The water mass estimated from the constructed sea surfaces is then compared with different GRACE estimates. At present, we ignore the steric anomalies, as they are small in the Baltic Sea. We also discuss the “leakage” between land hydrology and the Baltic Sea in the GRACE estimates of water storage.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 54 (1941), S. 491-494 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 65 (1953), S. 1-11 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der wesentlichste Anteil des für das Pflanzenwachstum der Erde notwendigen Stickstoffes wird biologisch durch Mikroorganismen gebunden. Nur wenige Prozente gebundenen Stickstoffes werden auf anderem Wege, etwa künstliche Stickstoff-Düngemittel, verfügbar. Die Voraussetzungen und die Primärschritte der biologischen Stickstoff-Bindung werden diskutiert. Versuche und neue Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, daß es möglich ist, die Ausnützung biologischer Stickstoff-Bindung systematisch weiterzuentwickeln und derart die Bodenfruchtbarkeit und landwirtschaftliche Produktion wesentlich zu erhöhen.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 67 (1955), S. 619-619 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 74 (1962), S. 374-382 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Viele Pflanzen, die der menschlichen Ernährung dienen, enthalten Verbindungen, aus denen sich in enzymatischer Reaktion physiologisch wirksame Substanzen bilden. Gewöhnlich befinden sich solche Verbindungen und die mit ihnen reagierenden Enzyme in verschiedenen Zellen, so daß die Wirkstoffe erst beim Zerkleinern der Pflanzen entstehen können. Beispiele sind die zu Tränen reizende Substanz der Zwiebel, antibiotisch wirkende Spaltprodukte von Cystein-S-oxyden sowie die kropfbildenden Substanzen aus Brassica-Arten.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 67 (1955), S. 381-388 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der quantitativ wichtigste Syntheseweg der Pflanzen zu Aminosäuren verläuft über das Ammoniak, wenn auch dem Hydroxylamin als Zwischenprodukt der Nitrat-Reduktion eine wesentliche Rolle zufallen mag. Es ist gelungen, die Oxime der im Stoffwechsel zentralen α-Ketosäuren sowohl in Hefe als in grünen Pflanzen zu identifizieren. Eine unerwartete Anzahl neuer Aminosäuren wurde aus verschiedenen Pflanzen isoliert und strukturell aufgeklärt. Die entsprechenden neuen α-Ketosäuren wurden auch in den entsprechenden Pflanzen in den meisten Fällen gefunden, wodurch die experimentelle Begründung der Annahme vorhanden ist, daß diese Aminosäuren durch Transaminierung entstehen können. Die mit Hilfe moderner Untersuchungsmethoden (Austauscher, Papierchromatographie) in den letzten Jahren aus Pflanzen und Mikroorganismen isolierten Keto- und Aminosäuren werden beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 70 (1958), S. 544-552 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das Vorkommen von Antibiotica in höheren Pflanzen erklärt ihre seit alters bekannte Heilwirkung. Vorkommen, Isolierung, Struktur, Eigenschaften und Wirksamkeit antimikrobiell wirksamer Substanzen aus Nutzpflanzen werden beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1 (1962), S. 299-306 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Organosulfur compounds ; Nutrition ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Many plants that serve for human nutritional purposes contain compounds from which physiologically active substances are formed by enzymic reactions. Usually such compounds, and the enzymes which react with them, are located in different cells, so that the active substances are formed only on crushing the plant: Examples are the lachrymatory factor and the antimicrobial substances formed from the different cysteine-S-oxides of the onion and garlic, as well as the goitrogenic compounds formed from the thioglucosides occuring in the Brassica species.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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