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  • Articles  (45)
  • Chemistry  (40)
  • 61.40  (3)
  • 1A-1R, 1B–1R wheatrye double translocation  (1)
  • 64  (1)
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 54 (1992), S. 40-46 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.40 ; 71.55 ; 82.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Amorphous (a-) semiconductors like a-Si:H and the chalcogenide glasses possess a general tendency to establish an overall equilibrium between the electronic system and the lattice with its dopant and defect sites. In the present paper the chemical interactions which establish these equilibria within the bulk of the a-semiconductor lattices are compared to chemical interactions in liquid electrolytes, particularly to those in H2O. These considerations reveal close similarities between autocompensation doping in a-semiconductors and acid/base reactions in H2O. The effects of light and field-effect induced defect formation, on the other hand, are shown to be related to the phenomenon of electrolysis in H2O. The consideration of these analogies further emphasizes the roles of charge-carrier localization and that of H-diffusion in promoting dopant and defect equilibration reactions in a-semiconductors.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 52 (1991), S. 335-338 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.40 ; 61.80 ; 72.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract n-type a-Si:H films have been irradiated with light, electrons, protons and heavy ion beams. It is shown that the non-thermal creation of dangling-bond defects activates significant densities of previously inactive phosphorus dopants. The relevance of these results is discussed with respect to equilibration phenomena in doped material and with respect to degradation phenomena in a-Si:H solar cells.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 53 (1991), S. 235-240 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.40 ; 61.80 ; 72.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films have been irradiated with H+, B+, P+, and Ar+ ion beams. The accumulation and the annealing of irradiation-induced defects has been investigated through a series of electronic transport and PDS measurements. We find that for all projectiles damage accumulation is dominated by atomic displacement collisions with the damage saturating for energy transfers in excess of about 10 eV/target atom. Annealing at elevated temperatures causes the conductivity of doped and irradiated a-Si:H films to increase according to stretched exponential decay curves. All annealing parameters derivable from such fits scale with the energy originally dissipated into atomic displacement collisions. For energy transfers up to 10 eV/target atom the activation energy for annealing increases up to a saturation value and, at the same time, an increasing fraction of the irradiation-induced defects becomes stable against annealing at moderate temperatures (T a〈250° C). We discuss these results with respect to damage accumulation data in crystalline silicon (c-Si) and with regard to the annealing of metastable defects in a-Si:H.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Gliadin ; HMW glutenin ; SDS electrophoresis ; Biochemical marker ; 1A-1R, 1B–1R wheatrye double translocation ; Doubled haploids ; Triticum aestivum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Eighteen available doubled haploid wheat lines with a cytologically proven 1A–1R, 1B–1R double translocation, which where derived via anther culture from four crosses of the 1A–1R wheat-rye translocation cv “Amigo” with several 1B–1R wheat-rye translocation forms, were subjected to electrophoretic seed protein analysis. Besides, the five parents used in the crosses and some other wheat cultivars and doubled haploid lines (19 with a 1B–1R single translocation, 10 with a 1A–1R translocation and 7 without any 1R translocation) were also included in the investigation. It was found that the gliadin patterns visualized after SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of alcohol-soluble seed protein extracts can differentiate not only 1B–1R and 1A–1R translocation forms from wheats without any 1R-translocation chromosome, but also 1B–1R and 1A–1R wheats from each other. Moreover, 1A–1R, 1B–1R double translocation lines can be distinguished as well due to characteristic differences revealed between 1A–1R and 1B–1R translocation forms. Thus, all of tested dh1- and dh2-grains of the double translocation lines showed the expected doublet: the 1A–1R translocation (“Amigo”)-typical rye band and the 1B–1R translocation (“Kawkas”)-typical rye band. Consequently, gliadin patterns estimated after SDS electrophoresis may be used as markers for the fast detection of the desired 1A–1R, 1B–1R double translocation forms among 1A–1R single translocation lines, 1B–1R single translocation lines and lines without any 1R-translocation in the progenies of appropriate crosses. Furthermore, by means of gliadin tests on the dh2-generation the excellent stability of the double translocation 1A–1R, 1B–1R during more than one propagation phase has been proven. Estimations of high-molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits coded by 1A and 1B chromosomes are compatible with the double translocation constitution. A few deviating results can be explained by crossing-over events. Seed protein analysis revealed that it is possible to produce 1A–1R, 1B–1R double translocation lines with good glutenin compositions provided that adequate favourable parents are used.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Keywords: 05.70 Ln ; 05.70 Jk ; 64
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The surface impedance of two 350nm thick YBCO films was measured for temperatures between 4.2K and 150K in a copper cavity at 87 GHz. Both films, one grown by electron beam evaporation on MgO, the other one by high oxygen-pressure dc sputtering from a stoichiometric target on LaAlO3, provide critical temperatures of about 91K, low residual surface resistances of Rs(4.2K) 〈 1mΩ and low specific resistivities in the normal state of ϱ(100K) 〈 85μΩcm. The experimental data obtained on these two films are compared to a d-wave model of superconductivity which incorporates elastic and inelastic scattering. Good agreement between theory and the experimental results for both the surface resistance and the penetration depth in the whole temperature range is achieved for scattering phase shifts near 0.4π and order parameter amplitudes in the range of 2Δ0(0)/kBTc = 6.0 – 7.5 without subtracting an extrinsic residual surface resistance.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie in unserer Zeit 26 (1992), S. IV 
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 329 (1987), S. 1038-1038 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The radiotracer technique as a means to investigate the corrosion of zirconium, tantalum, and a Ta-40Nb alloy in fluoride containing azeotropic nitric acidZirconium and tantalum as well as the tantalum 40% niobium alloy are of considerable technical importance due to their high corrosion resistance against numerous corrosive media. With respect to corrosion testing in analytically pure azeotropic nitric acid in the temperature range between 20 and 121°C, corrosion rates were determined for zirconium: 7 · 10-6 to 5 · 10-4 mm/y, for tantalum: 10-8 to 4 · 10-6 mm/y, and for the Ta-40Nb alloy: 2 · 10-7 to 8 · 10-6 mm/y [1]. These corrosion rates will be markedly increased by adding small amounts of fluorides or by fluoride impurities.The radiotracer method after neutron activation was applied to determine the corrosion rates in azeotropic fluoride containing nitric acid. Even minute additions of fluorides strongly affect the corrosion resistance of zirconium. In the range between 0.15 and 10 ppm F- and at a temperature of 108°C, corrosion rates between 5.3 · 10-3 and 3.1 mm/y were measured. It was impossible to establish a limit for the fluoride concentration, below which the corrosion rate of zirconium will not be adversely influenced.The corrosion rates of tantalum and the Ta-40Nb alloy are considerably increasing above a fluoride concentration of 10 ppm. The highest corrosion rates measured were between 8.4 · 10-3 mm/y at 50°C/280 ppm F- and 1.4 · 10-2 mm/y at 110°C/320 ppm F-. Within the range of this investigation, the corrosion resistance of tantalum was higher than that of the Ta-40Nb alloy by one order of magnitude.The corrosion resistance of zirconium and tantalum was not influenced by any treatment of the samples before testing.
    Notes: Wegen ihrer hohen Korrosionsbeständigkeit gegenüber zahlreichen Angriffsmitteln sind Zirconium und Tantal sowie die Legierung Tantal-40Niob von großer technischer Bedeutung. Die bisher in azeotroper Salpetersäure p.a. zwischen 20 und 121°C gemessenen Abtragungsraten liegen für Zirconium zwischen 7 · 10-6 und 5 · 10-4 mm/a, für Tantal zwischen 10-8 und 4 · 10-6 mm/a und für die Legierung Ta-40Nb zwischen 2 · 10-7 und 8 · 10-6 mm/a [1]. Diese Abtragungsraten werden durch geringe Fluoridzustände oder -verunreinigungen wesentlich erhöht.Mit der Radiotracermethode nach Neutronenaktivierung wurden die Abtragungsraten in azeotroper, fluoridhaltiger Salpetersäure bestimmt. Zirconium ist schon gegen kleinste Fluoridspuren sehr empfindlich. Im untersuchten Bereich von 0.15 bis 10 ppm F- liegen bei 108°C die Abtragungsraten zwischen 5.3 · 10-3 und 3.1 mm/a. Eine Grenzkonzentration, unterhalb der das Fluorid die Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit nicht mehr beeinflußt, kann für Zirconium nicht angegeben werden.Bei Tantal und der Legierung Ta-40Nb nimmt oberhalb einer Grenzkonzentration von 10 ppm F- die Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit stark zu. Die höchsten Abtragungsraten liegen zwischen 8.4 · 10-3 mm/a bei 50°C/280 ppm F- und 1.4 · 10-2 mm/a bei 110°C/320 ppm F-. Dabei ist Tantal über den gesamten erfaßten Bereich um etwa das Zehnfache beständiger als die Legierung Ta-40Nb.Sowohl bei Tantal als auch bei Zirconium stellt sich die Abtragungsrate unabhängig von Vorbehandlungen ein.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The application of radiotracer technique for the determination of small corrosion rates of tantalum, a tantalum-niobium-alloy and zirconium in azeotropic nitric acidThe radiotracer technique following neutron activation is a suitable means to measure hitherto hardly detectable, very low corrosion rates. In azeotropic nitric acid, tantalum and the tantalum-40niobium alloy show at 20 to 120°C approximately the same corrosion rates between 0.2 · 10-6 and 8 · 10-6 mm/a; the apparent activation energies are 30 to 40 kJ/mol.In the temperature region from 20 up to 81°C the corrosion rates of zirconium are between 7 · 10-6 and 5 · 10-4 mm/a; the apparent activation energy is 47 kJ/mol.In the case of zirconium, check measurements (analysis of the corrosive medium with AAS and ICP) with non-activated sheet-metal sections resulted in similar corrosion rates.
    Notes: Die Radiotracer-Methode nach Neutronenaktivierung ist geeignet, bisher kaum erfaßbare, sehr geringe Abtragungsraten zu bestimmen. Tantal und die Tantal-40Niob-Lergierung zeigen in azeotroper Salpetersäure bei 22 bis 120°C annähernd gleiche Abtragungsraten von 0,2 · 10-6 bis 8 · 10-6 mm/a; die scheinbaren Aktivierungsenergien betragen 30 bis 40 kJ/mol.Die Abtragungsraten von Zirconium liegen im Temperaturbereich von 20 bis 81°C zwischen 7 · 10-6 und 5 · 10-4 mm/a; die scheinbare Aktivierungsenergie ergibt sich zu 47 kJ/mol.Im Falle des Zirconiums führten Kontrollmessungen (Analyse des Angriffsmittels mit AAS und ICP) an nicht aktivierten Blechabschnitten zu vergleichbaren Abtragungsraten.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 311 (1969), S. 118-129 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Benzonitriloxid-Addition an die semicyclische CC-Doppelbindung der 2-Methylen-cycloalkanone-(1), der benzokondensierten und bicyclischen α-Methylenketone sowie der α,α′-Dimethylen-cycloalkanone beschrieben. Die erhaltenen Spiro-isoxazoline wurden NMR-spektroskopisch untersucht und daraus die Additionsrichtung festgelegt. Die LiAlH4-Reduktion vom Benzonitriloxid-Addukt des 2-Methylen-cycloheptanons-(1) liefert 1,2-Dihydroxy-2-(β-amino-β-phenyl-äthyl)-cycloheptan.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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