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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymes in stereoselective pharmacokinetics of endogenous substancesPresented at the Second International Symposium on Chiral Discrimination, May 27-31, 1991, Rome, Italy. (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 4 (1992), S. 247-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: radioenzyme assay ; stereospecific assay ; carnitine acetyl transferase ; L-carnitine family ; L-carnitine ; acetyl-L-carnitine ; propionyl-L-carnitine ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of enzymes to assay individual components of the L-carnitine family in pharmaceuticals, foodstuffs, and biological fluids with various forms of detection is reviewed. The most useful enzyme in the assay of compounds of the L-carnitine family is carnitine acetyl transferase (CAT), which catalyses the reversible interconversion of L-carnitine and its short-chain acyl esters. CAT can be used in one or more coupled reactions combined with U.V., or radiolabelled detection, or combined with HPLC, allowing, enantioselective, structurally specific, and, in the case of radiolabelled tracing, highly sensitive assays to be carried out. When compared with chromatographic separation of enantiomers or diastereoisomers, enantioselective enzyme mediated assays may be cheaper, more sensitive, and simpler, but they do not allow the nonpreferred isomer to be assayed. Consequently, they are appropriate for the specific assay of endogenous enantiomeric substrates of the enzyme concerned, in biological samples. The analysis of the other enantiomer in raw materials or in pharmaceuticals must be more properly approached by enantioselective chromatographic methods.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.530040408
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of nanophase powders prepared by laser synthesis (1994)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 22 (1994), S. 248-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Si—based (Si—C—N and Si—C—Al) nanopowders prepared by laser synthesis process have been studied by XPS and XAES analyses.The changes of the silicon coordination as a function of the carbon fraction in Si—C—N powders have been investigated by a detailed analysis of Si 2p and Si KLL lines and the measurements of the Auger parameter Ek(Si KLL) + Eb(Si 2p). The non-linear dependence of the Auger parameter on the carbon fraction has been interpreted as due to the formation of a carbonitride nanophase, indicating that the ternary powders are not merely a mixture of silicon carbide and silicon nitride.In Si—C—Al powders it has been found that the incorporation of aluminium results in a modified structure of the silicon carbide, as shown by the variation of the different spectral features.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740220154
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the association of DNA primase activity with the nuclear matrix in HeLa S3 cells (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 11 (1993), S. 287-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: DNA primase ; nuclear matrix ; nuclear isolation ; heat exposure ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have reinvestigated the association of DNA primase activity with the nuclear matrix prepared from exponentially growing HeLa S3 cells. We have found that 25-30 per cent of the nuclear primase activity resists extraction with 2 M NaCl and digestion with Dnase I. Unlike previous investigations, done with the same cell line, the results showed that nuclear matrix-bound DNA primase activity represented less than 10 per cent of the total cell activity. Association of high levels of primase activity with the nuclear matrix was strictly dependent on a 37°C incubation of isolated nuclei prior to subfractionation. Evidence was obtained that the method used for preparing nuclei can have a dramatic effect on the amount of primase activity which is recovered both in the postnuclear supernatant and in isolated nuclei, thus seriously affecting the interpretation of the results about the quantity of DNA primase activity bound to the nuclear matrix.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290110410
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    No discrete complexes containing DNA polymerase α activity can be solubilized from the heat-stabilized nuclear matrix prepared from HeLa S3 cells (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 12 (1994), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Nuclear matrix ; DNA polymerase α ; soluble complexes ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Most of the DNA polymerase α activity, bound to the heat-stabilized nuclear matrix prepared from HeLa S3 cells, was released as a matrix extract by sonication. When the extract was centrifuged in a 5-20 per cent linear sucrose gradient no definite peaks of activity could be identified. Most of the activity sedimented to the bottom of the tube under all the conditions tested, whilst the remaining activity was associated with matrix fragments of various and irregular size. No 10 S complexes, containing polymerase activity, were seen after incubation of the extract for 16 h before centrifugation. Other solubilization procedures (i.e. treatment of the matrix with chelating agents, high pH associated with reducing agents, ionic and nonionic detergents) failed to produce release of matrix-bound DNA polymerase α activity. In contrast, we released 10 S complexes, containing polymerase activity, from the matrix prepared from nuclei not exposed to heat. We conclude that a 37°C incubation of isolated nuclei before extraction with 2 M NaCl and DNase I digestion causes DNA polymerase α to bind to the nuclear matrix in a form that cannot subsequently be released as discrete components, at variance with previous results obtained with the matrix prepared from regenerating rat liver.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290120106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalytic properties of DNA polymerase α activity associated with the heat-stabilized nuclear matrix prepared from HeLa S3 cells (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 12 (1994), S. 129-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Nuclear matrix ; DNA polymerase α ; processivity ; activity ; heat stabilization ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have investigated whether or not ATP or other nucleoside di- and trisphosphates (including some nonhydrolysable ATP analogues) can stimulate the activity and/or the processivity of DNA polymerase α associated with the nuclear matrix obtained from HeLa S3 cell nuclei that had been stabilized at 37°C prior to subfractionation, as has been reported previously for DNA polymerase α bound to the nuclear matrix prepared from 22-h regenerating rat liver. We have found that HeLa cell matrix-associated DNA polymerase α activity could not be stimulated at all by ATP or other nucleotides, a behaviour which was shared also by DNA polymerase α activity that solubilizes from cells during the isolation of nuclei and that is thought to be a form of the enzyme not actively engaged in DNA replication. Moreover, the processivity of matrix-bound DNA polymerase α activity was low (〈 10 nucleotides). These results were obtained with the matrix prepared with either 2M NaCl or 0·25 M (NH4)2SO4 and led us to consider that a 37° incubation of isolated nuclei renders resistant to high-salt extraction a form of DNA polymerase α which is unlikely to be involved in DNA replication in vivo.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290120208
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of N,N′-Disubstituted (1R,2R)-1,2-Diaminocyclohex-4-enes by a Ruthenium-Catalyzed Ring-Closing Metathesis Reaction (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 1523-1526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Ruthenium ; Ring-closing metathesis ; Metathesis ; EPC synthesis ; 1,2-Diaminocyclohex-4-ene ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Enantiopure (1R,2R)-1,2-diaminocyclohex-4-ene derivatives have been synthesized by the ruthenium-catalyzed ring-closing metathesis reaction of (4R,5R)-N,N′-bis[(S)-1-phenylethyl]-4,5-diamino-1,7-octadiene dihydrochloride.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytical response of single polychlorinated biphenyls analysed by selected ion monitoring (1981)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1981), S. 347-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The analytical response of 45 single polychlorinated biphenyls to electron impact mass spectrometry was measured by monitoring their positive molecular ion intensity. The results showed little variability in response within the isomer groups with the same number of chlorine atoms, and the average response is proposed as a basis for quantitation of the polychlorinated biphenyl level for the corresponding degree of chlorination. The possibility of distinguishing the level of each polychlorinated biphenyl group by a method as specific and sensitive as gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry could be very useful, especially in toxicology studies. Preliminary data obtained from application of the technique in studies of marine organisms are presented.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200080806
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetik der Umsetzung substituierter Anthracene mit MaleinsäureanhydridHerrn Prof. Dr. R. Huisgen in herzlicher Verbundenheit zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet. (1980)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 954-970 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A Kinetic Study of Reactions of Substituted Anthracenes with Maleic AnhydrideHerrn Prof. Dr. R. Huisgen in herzlicher Verbundenheit zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.Kinetic data for the Diels-Alder addition of 2-, 9- and 9,10-disubstituted anthracenes with maleic anhydride are interpreted in terms of FMO-theory. While the simplest form of FMO-theory does not give satisfactory results, inclusion of eigenvector coefficients at the reacting centers does provide an improvement.
    Notes: Die kinetischen Daten der Diels-Alder-Reaktion von 2-, 9- und 9,10-substituierten Anthracenen mit Maleinsäureanhydrid lassen sich durch die FMO-Theorie in ihrer einfachsten Form nur unbefriedigend beschreiben. Eine Berücksichtigung der Eigenvektorkoeffizienten der reagierenden Zentren bringt eine deutliche Verbesserung der Korrelation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.198019800615
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  • 9
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    Gas blowout from shallow boreholes near Fiumicino International Airport (Rome): Gas origin and hazard assessment (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-05
    Description: In summer 2013 a toxic and polluting gas blowout (19 tonnes day−1 CO2, 95 kg day−1 CH4) occurred from two shallow boreholes drilled at only 50 m from the International Airport of Rome (Italy), in the town of Fiumicino. Another gas blowout occurred in the same period from a borehole located offshore, 2 km away, also generating sea-water acidification; it lasted only a couple of days. Onshore, CO2was also diffusing fromholes within the soil, particularly toward the airport, generating a soil flux up to 1.8 tonnes day−1. In 3.5 months ~1500 tonnes of CO2 and 5.4 tonnes of CH4 were emitted in the atmosphere. Temporal monitoring of gas geochemistry indicates that in this area a mixing occurs between shallow and pressurized gas pockets, CO2-dominated, but with different chemical (i.e., He/CH4 ratio) and isotopic (3He/4He, δ13C-δDCH4) characteristics. Numerical simulation of CO2 dispersion in the atmosphere showed that dangerous air CO2 concentrations, up to lethal values, were only found near the vents at a height of 0.2 m. Fiumicino is a high blowout risk area, as CO2 rising through deep reaching faults pressurizes the shallowaquifer contained in gravels confined underneath shales of the Tiber delta deposits. The Fiumicino blowout is a typical example of dangerous phenomenon that may occur in urban context lying nearby active or recent volcanoes and requires quick response on hazard assessment by scientists to be addressed to civil protection and administrators.
    Description: Published
    Description: 54-65
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Endogenous gas blowout from shallow wells ; Chemical and isotopic composition of gas and water ; Viscous flux and diffuse soil gas flux measurements ; Simulation andmonitoring of air CO2 dispersion ; Hazard assessment ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    Temporal variations of helium isotopes in volcanic gases quantify pre-eruptive refill and pressurization in magma reservoirs: The Mount Etna case (2016)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-11
    Description: Two approaches to the challenging aim of forecasting impending eruptions are searching for empirical precursors and developing suitable interpretative models. Here we present high-resolution time series of 3He/4He ratios measured in gases emitted from peripheral vents around Mount Etna volcano (Italy), which revealed variations with strong correlations over both time and a broad spatial scale. The main eruptive episodes are preceded by increases in 3He/4He, making this ratio a unique tracer for monitoring volcanic activity. These features strongly reflect pressurization beneath the volcano due to deep magma influx. We propose a pioneering model that relates the changes in 3He/4He to the time-dependent outflow of volatiles from a magmatic chamber subjected to evolution of its internal pressure due to magma injection. At Mount Etna, the model makes it possible to estimate in near real time key parameters such as the rate of magma input and volume change in deep chamber preceding eruptions, and to compare them with geodetic estimations. This represents an unprecedented use of 3He/4He to obtain quantitative information on the physics of magmatic systems. Volcanoes showing changes of 3He/4He ratio in discharged gases due to unrest episodes are widespread in the world, and therefore we envisage extensive future applications of this approach.
    Description: Published
    Description: 499-502
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: volcanic gas geochemistry ; physical modeling ; helium isotopes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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