Publication Date:
2014-02-22
Description:
The high cost of powerful, large-stroke, high-stress artificial muscles has combined with performance limitations such as low cycle life, hysteresis, and low efficiency to restrict applications. We demonstrated that inexpensive high-strength polymer fibers used for fishing line and sewing thread can be easily transformed by twist insertion to provide fast, scalable, nonhysteretic, long-life tensile and torsional muscles. Extreme twisting produces coiled muscles that can contract by 49%, lift loads over 100 times heavier than can human muscle of the same length and weight, and generate 5.3 kilowatts of mechanical work per kilogram of muscle weight, similar to that produced by a jet engine. Woven textiles that change porosity in response to temperature and actuating window shutters that could help conserve energy were also demonstrated. Large-stroke tensile actuation was theoretically and experimentally shown to result from torsional actuation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haines, Carter S -- Lima, Marcio D -- Li, Na -- Spinks, Geoffrey M -- Foroughi, Javad -- Madden, John D W -- Kim, Shi Hyeong -- Fang, Shaoli -- Jung de Andrade, Monica -- Goktepe, Fatma -- Goktepe, Ozer -- Mirvakili, Seyed M -- Naficy, Sina -- Lepro, Xavier -- Oh, Jiyoung -- Kozlov, Mikhail E -- Kim, Seon Jeong -- Xu, Xiuru -- Swedlove, Benjamin J -- Wallace, Gordon G -- Baughman, Ray H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Feb 21;343(6173):868-72. doi: 10.1126/science.1246906.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24558156" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
*Cotton Fiber
;
Humans
;
Muscles/chemistry/ultrastructure
;
*Nylons
;
Polymers
;
Porosity
;
*Tensile Strength
;
*Torsion, Mechanical
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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