Publication Date:
2012-11-20
Description:
Artificial muscles are of practical interest, but few types have been commercially exploited. Typical problems include slow response, low strain and force generation, short cycle life, use of electrolytes, and low energy efficiency. We have designed guest-filled, twist-spun carbon nanotube yarns as electrolyte-free muscles that provide fast, high-force, large-stroke torsional and tensile actuation. More than a million torsional and tensile actuation cycles are demonstrated, wherein a muscle spins a rotor at an average 11,500 revolutions/minute or delivers 3% tensile contraction at 1200 cycles/minute. Electrical, chemical, or photonic excitation of hybrid yarns changes guest dimensions and generates torsional rotation and contraction of the yarn host. Demonstrations include torsional motors, contractile muscles, and sensors that capture the energy of the sensing process to mechanically actuate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lima, Marcio D -- Li, Na -- Jung de Andrade, Monica -- Fang, Shaoli -- Oh, Jiyoung -- Spinks, Geoffrey M -- Kozlov, Mikhail E -- Haines, Carter S -- Suh, Dongseok -- Foroughi, Javad -- Kim, Seon Jeong -- Chen, Yongsheng -- Ware, Taylor -- Shin, Min Kyoon -- Machado, Leonardo D -- Fonseca, Alexandre F -- Madden, John D W -- Voit, Walter E -- Galvao, Douglas S -- Baughman, Ray H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Nov 16;338(6109):928-32. doi: 10.1126/science.1226762.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23161994" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Absorption
;
Electricity
;
Hot Temperature
;
Hydrogen/chemistry
;
*Muscle Contraction
;
Muscles/*chemistry/ultrastructure
;
*Nanotubes, Carbon
;
Optics and Photonics
;
Photons
;
*Tensile Strength
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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