Publication Date:
2002-10-19
Description:
Two-way communication between neurons and nonneural cells called glia is essential for axonal conduction, synaptic transmission, and information processing and thus is required for normal functioning of the nervous system during development and throughout adult life. The signals between neurons and glia include ion fluxes, neurotransmitters, cell adhesion molecules, and specialized signaling molecules released from synaptic and nonsynaptic regions of the neuron. In contrast to the serial flow of information along chains of neurons, glia communicate with other glial cells through intracellular waves of calcium and via intercellular diffusion of chemical messengers. By releasing neurotransmitters and other extracellular signaling molecules, glia can affect neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission and perhaps coordinate activity across networks of neurons.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1226318/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1226318/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fields, R Douglas -- Stevens-Graham, Beth -- Z01 HD000713-11/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 18;298(5593):556-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neurocytology and Physiology Section, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. fields@helix.nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12386325" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Astrocytes/cytology/physiology
;
Brain/cytology/physiology
;
*Cell Communication
;
Humans
;
Microglia/cytology/physiology
;
Myelin Sheath/physiology
;
Nerve Regeneration
;
Nervous System Diseases/pathology/physiopathology
;
Neuroglia/*physiology
;
Neurons/*physiology
;
Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism
;
Oligodendroglia/cytology/physiology
;
Schwann Cells/cytology/physiology
;
Signal Transduction
;
Stem Cells/cytology/physiology
;
Synapses/physiology
;
Synaptic Transmission
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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