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  • 1
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    Caribbean reef development was independent of coral diversity over 28 million years (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-03-15
    Description: The relationship between natural variations in coral species diversity, reef development, and ecosystem function on coral reefs is poorly understood. Recent coral diversity varies 10-fold among geographic regions, but rates of reef growth are broadly similar, suggesting that diversity is unimportant for reef development. Differences in diversity may reflect regional differences in long-term biotic history in addition to environmental conditions. Using a combination of new and published fossil and stratigraphic data, we compared changes in coral diversity and reef development within the tropical western Atlantic over the past 28 million years. Reef development was unrelated to coral diversity, and the largest reef tracts formed after extinction had reduced diversity by 50%. High diversity is thus not essential for the growth and persistence of coral reefs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, Kenneth G -- Jackson, Jeremy B C -- Budd, Ann F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Mar 14;319(5869):1521-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1152197.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Palaeontology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK. K.Johnson@nhm.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18339937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Anthozoa/growth & development ; *Biodiversity ; Carbonates/analysis ; Caribbean Region ; *Ecosystem ; *Fossils ; *Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Temperature ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-11-04
    Description: Human-dominated marine ecosystems are experiencing accelerating loss of populations and species, with largely unknown consequences. We analyzed local experiments, long-term regional time series, and global fisheries data to test how biodiversity loss affects marine ecosystem services across temporal and spatial scales. Overall, rates of resource collapse increased and recovery potential, stability, and water quality decreased exponentially with declining diversity. Restoration of biodiversity, in contrast, increased productivity fourfold and decreased variability by 21%, on average. We conclude that marine biodiversity loss is increasingly impairing the ocean's capacity to provide food, maintain water quality, and recover from perturbations. Yet available data suggest that at this point, these trends are still reversible.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Worm, Boris -- Barbier, Edward B -- Beaumont, Nicola -- Duffy, J Emmett -- Folke, Carl -- Halpern, Benjamin S -- Jackson, Jeremy B C -- Lotze, Heike K -- Micheli, Fiorenza -- Palumbi, Stephen R -- Sala, Enric -- Selkoe, Kimberley A -- Stachowicz, John J -- Watson, Reg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 3;314(5800):787-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4J1. bworm@dal.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17082450" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; Eukaryota ; *Fisheries ; *Fishes ; Forecasting ; Invertebrates ; Oceans and Seas ; Plants ; Population Dynamics ; Seafood ; Seawater ; Water Pollution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Depletion, degradation, and recovery potential of estuaries and coastal seas (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-24
    Description: Estuarine and coastal transformation is as old as civilization yet has dramatically accelerated over the past 150 to 300 years. Reconstructed time lines, causes, and consequences of change in 12 once diverse and productive estuaries and coastal seas worldwide show similar patterns: Human impacts have depleted 〉90% of formerly important species, destroyed 〉65% of seagrass and wetland habitat, degraded water quality, and accelerated species invasions. Twentieth-century conservation efforts achieved partial recovery of upper trophic levels but have so far failed to restore former ecosystem structure and function. Our results provide detailed historical baselines and quantitative targets for ecosystem-based management and marine conservation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lotze, Heike K -- Lenihan, Hunter S -- Bourque, Bruce J -- Bradbury, Roger H -- Cooke, Richard G -- Kay, Matthew C -- Kidwell, Susan M -- Kirby, Michael X -- Peterson, Charles H -- Jackson, Jeremy B C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 23;312(5781):1806-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biology Department, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4J1. hlotze@dal.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16794081" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*history ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Eutrophication ; Geography ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; History, Medieval ; Human Activities/history ; Humans ; *Invertebrates ; Plants ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; *Seawater ; *Vertebrates ; *Water ; Water Pollution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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