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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic dissection of cytokinesis (2000)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 43 (2000), S. 719-733 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; cytokinesis ; mutants ; phragmoplast ; vesicle trafficking
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Higher plants have evolved specific mechanisms for partitioning the cytoplasm of dividing cells. In the predominant mode of phragmoplast-assisted cytokinesis, a cell wall and flanking plasma membranes are made de novo from a transient membrane compartment, the cell plate, which in turn forms by vesicle fusion from the centre to the periphery of the dividing cell. Other modes of cytokinesis appear to occur in meiotic cells and developing gametophytes. Here we review recent progress in the analysis of plant cytokinesis, focusing on genetic studies in Arabidopsis which are beginning to identify structural and regulatory components of phragmoplast-assisted cytokinesis. Two classes of mutations have been described. In one class, the defects appear to be confined to cell plate formation, suggesting that the execution of cytokinesis is specifically affected. Mutations in the other class display more general defects in cell division. We also discuss possible roles of proteins that have been localised in cytokinetic cells but not characterised genetically. Finally, mutations affecting meiotic or gametophytic cell divisions suggest that mechanistically different modes of cytokinesis occur in higher plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006457723760
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular analysis of the Arabidopsis pattern formation gene GNOM: gene structure and intragenic complementation (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 250 (1996), S. 681-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Arabidopsis ; GNOM gene ; Intragenic complementation ; Conserved regions ; Yeast YEC2 gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The GNOM gene is required for pattern formation along the main body axis of the embryo in the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Mutations in the GNOM gene alter the asymmetric division of the zygote and interfere with the formation of distinct apical-basal regions in the developing embryo. We have isolated the GNOM gene by positional cloning, characterised its structure and determined the molecular lesions in mutant alleles. Although the predicted 163 kDa GNOM protein has a conserved domain in common with the yeast secretory protein Sec7p, it is most closely related in size and overall similarity to the product of the yeast YEC2 gene, which is not essential for cell viability. Four fully complementing gnom alleles carry missense mutations in conserved regions, seven partially complementing alleles have premature stop codon mutations and two non-complementing alleles have splice-site lesions. Our results suggest that the GNOM protein acts as a complex of identical subunits and that partial complementation may involve low levels of full-length protein generated by inefficient translational read-through.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02172979
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular analysis of theArabidopsis pattern formation geneGNOM: gene structure and intragenic complementation (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 250 (1996), S. 681-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; GNOM gene ; Intragenic complementation ; Conserved regions ; YeastYEC2 gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract TheGNOM gene is required for pattern formation along the main body axis of the embryo in the flowering plantArabidopsis thaliana. Mutations in theGNOM gene alter the asymmetric division of the zygote and interfere with the formation of distinct apical-basal regions in the developing embryo. We have isolated theGNOM gene by positional cloning, characterised its structure and determined the molecular lesions in mutant alleles. Although the predicted 163 kDa GNOM protein has a conserved domain in common with the yeast secretory protein Sec7p, it is most closely related in size and overall similarity to the product of the yeastYEC2 gene, which is not essential for cell viability. Four fully complementinggnom alleles carry missense mutations in conserved regions, seven partially complementing alleles have premature stop codon mutations and two non-complementing alleles have splice-site lesions. Our results suggest that the GNOM protein acts as a complex of identical subunits and that partial complementation may involve low levels of full-length protein generated by inefficient translational read-through.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02172979
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  • 4
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    ER assembly of SNARE complexes mediating formation of partitioning membrane in Arabidopsis cytokinesis (2017)
    eLife Sciences Publications
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-19
    Description: Intracellular membrane fusion mediates diverse processes including cell growth, division and communication. Fusion involves complex formation between SNARE proteins anchored to adjacent membranes. How and in what form interacting SNARE proteins reach their sites of action is virtually unknown. We have addressed this problem in the context of plant cell division in which a large number of TGN-derived membrane vesicles fuse with one another to form the partitioning membrane. Blocking vesicle formation at the TGN revealed cis-SNARE complexes. These inactive cytokinetic SNARE complexes were already assembled at the endoplasmic reticulum and, after passage through Golgi/TGN to the cell division plane, transformed into fusogenic SNARE complexes. This mode of trafficking might ensure delivery of large stoichiometric quantities of SNARE proteins required for forming the partitioning membrane in the narrow time frame of plant cytokinesis. Such long-distance trafficking of inactive SNARE complexes would also facilitate directional growth processes during cell differentiation.
    Electronic ISSN: 2050-084X
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by eLife Sciences Publications
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  • 5
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    Delivery of endocytosed proteins to the cell–division plane requires change of pathway from recycling to secretion (2014)
    eLife Sciences Publications
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-08
    Description: Membrane trafficking is essential to fundamental processes in eukaryotic life, including cell growth and division. In plant cytokinesis, post-Golgi trafficking mediates a massive flow of vesicles that form the partitioning membrane but its regulation remains poorly understood. Here, we identify functionally redundant Arabidopsis ARF guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (ARF-GEFs) BIG1–BIG4 as regulators of post-Golgi trafficking, mediating late secretion from the trans-Golgi network but not recycling of endocytosed proteins to the plasma membrane, although the TGN also functions as an early endosome in plants. In contrast, BIG1-4 are absolutely required for trafficking of both endocytosed and newly synthesized proteins to the cell–division plane during cytokinesis, counteracting recycling to the plasma membrane. This change from recycling to secretory trafficking pathway mediated by ARF-GEFs confers specificity of cargo delivery to the division plane and might thus ensure that the partitioning membrane is completed on time in the absence of a cytokinesis-interphase checkpoint.
    Electronic ISSN: 2050-084X
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by eLife Sciences Publications
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