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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (35)
  • prel. rep. of the Geophys. Inst., Univ. of Alaska
  • 1980-1984  (36)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational analysis of the milk oligosaccharides (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 19 (1980), S. 1555-1566 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Possible conformations of lacto-N-tetraose, lacto-N-neotetraose, related disaccharides, and other milk oligosaccharides have been studied by an energy-minimization procedure using empirical potential functions. Lacto-N-tetraose favors a “curved” conformation, while lacto-N-neotetraose favors an approximately “straight” conformation. These two conformations differ mainly in the position of the terminal galactose residue with respect to the rest of the molecule. This difference explains the greater strength of lacto-N-neotetraose compared with lacto-N-tetraose in its ability to inhibit the cross-reaction of blood group P1 fractions with Type XIV pneumococcal antipolysaccharide. Although the favored conformation of lacto-N-tetraose (inactive) agrees with the model proposed by the earlier workers, that for lacto-N-neotetraose (active) differs. The favored conformations for the disaccharides galactose-β(1-4)-N-acetylglucosamine, galactose-β(1-3)-N-acetylglucosamine, and lactose are similar in overall shape, differing only in the nature and orientation of the side groups. This explains their nearly equal inhibitory activity. These theoretical models also explain the increased activity of lacto-N-fucopentaose I over that of lacto-N-tetraose and the relative activities of the substituted lactoses. The present studies suggest that it is the overall shape of the molecule which is important for activity, rather than the terminal β(1-4)-linked galactose residue alone.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1980.360190811
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational analysis of some mannose-containing and milk oligosaccharides: Correlation of their shape with inhibitory properties in antigen/antibody interactions (1981)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 20 (1981), S. 99-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Possible conformations of two mannotetraoses and several milk oligosaccharides have been studied by an energy minimization procedure using semi-empirical potential functions. Changes in the terminal residue at the reducing end (cyclic to acyclic form) of these molecules do not affect the favored conformations of the remaining oligosaccharide moiety. However, differences in the overall shape of the native and reduced forms of the mannotetraose, mannose α(1-3) mannose α(1-2) mannose α(1-2) mannose are much less marked than between the native and reduced forms of lacto-N-tetraose. These differences are related to the effectiveness of the native forms as inhibitors of antibodies produced using synthetic antigens. Changes in the linkage of the residues at the nonreducing end of these molecules affect significantly the overall shape of these molecules. These differences also are related to their effectiveness as inhibitors. In the fucose-containing milk oligosaccharides the additional fucose residues only restrict the orientation of the backbone tetrasaccharide and do not push it into a totally new conformation. The fucose residues come on a surface of the molecule which is away from the region which may be important for binding. The present studies show that it is the overall shape of the molecule which is important in determining its inhibitory properties and give information as to how best to use the immune method for identification of unknown oligosaccharide sequences by specially prepared antibodies.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qua.560200111
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aqueous polymerization of methyl methacrylate using quinoline-sulfur dioxide complex and tetrahydrofuran-sulfur dioxide complex as initiators (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 181 (1980), S. 1331-1338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Aqueous polymerization of MMA was kinetically studied using separately two complexes of sulfur dioxide as initiators, namely, quinoline-sulfur dioxide (Q-SO2) complex and tetrahydrofuran-sulfur dioxide (THF-SO2) complex. In each case the initiator exponent was 0,5 and the monomer exponent was 1,5. Kinetic data, inhibitory effect of hydroquinone, and incorporation of sulfoxy end groups in the polymers indicate a radical mechanism of polymerization with first order dependence on monomer for the rate of initiation while termination appears to take place bimolecularly.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1980.021810613
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate in bulk and in pyridine diluted systems with pyridine-sulfur dioxide complex alone and in combination with benzoyl peroxide as photoinitiators (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 182 (1981), S. 1985-1996 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: It was found that the Py-SO2 complex (4-140 mmol·1-1) initiates the photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in bulk at 40°C, the initiator exponent, kp2/kt, and the monomer exponent being 0,30, 1,27·10-2 1·mol-1·s-1, and 1,00, respectively. The radical generation is followed by an in-situ initiator-monomer complexation reaction. The kinetics of the photopolymerization of MMA were also studied using the (Py-SO2)-complex (0,01-0,35 mol·1-1) in redox combination with benzoyl peroxide (BZ2O2) (2 - 110 mmol·1-1) as initiator in the presence of variable concentrations of pyridine (1 - 7 mol·1-1). The initiation depends on the concentrations of all the reactants in the system, and the reaction order with respect to either component of the redox pair is equal to 0,5 or reasonably less than 0,5, depending on whether or not the initiating component in question is present in the system in excess compared to its counterpart in the redox combination. Variable monomer exponents, largely dependent on [BZ2O2], characterize the redox photopolymerization process. The monomer exponent value, unity at [BZ2O2] = 0, progressively decreases with increasing [BZ2O2] (non-ideal kinetics). The rate enhancing effect of the solvent pyridine is more prominent at higher [BZ2O2]. The kinetic nonidealities in each case were further analyzed and interpreted in terms of (a) primary radical termination and (b) degradative initiator transfer. Relative effects of the variation of the level of dilution with pyridine were also analyzed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1981.021820711
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cationic vinyl polymerization by the initiator system diethylzinc/phosphoryl chloride (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 181 (1980), S. 1629-1635 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Et2Zn in combination with POCl3 induces the cationic polymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether and N-vinyl carbazole at ambient temperature. The rate is directly proportional to [Et2Zn]. [POCl3] up to a mole ratio of unity of the components, and thereafter it decreases. At a fixed ratio of [Et2Zn]/[POCl3] the rate is second order in [Isobutyl vinyl ether]. Rate and [η] decrease in the presence of basic additives, pyridine, and water. Unlike the system Et3Al/POCl3, the present combination does not lead to any stereoregular poly(isobutyl vinyl ether) at ambient or lower temperatures. A cationic mechanism is proposed and an appropriate kinetic scheme is suggested.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1980.021810807
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cationic copolymerization of N-vinylcarbazole with divinylbenzene (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 182 (1981), S. 261-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1981.021820131
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of hydrofuramide on network structure and kinetics of thiuram vulcanization (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1263-1271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The influence of hydrofuramide (a reaction product of furfural and ammonia) on the network structure and overall kinetics of thiuram vulcanization of natural rubber is reported. The nature of the network structure of the thiuram vulcanizates in the presence and absence of hydrofuramide was determined using triphenyl phosphine (Ph3P) as a chemical probe. The presence of hydrofuramide produces structural complexity of the vulcanizate. The overall kinetics of thiuram vulcanization follows a first-order-rate law in the presence as well as in the absence of hydrofuramide. The rate constant increases while the energy of activation decreases in the presence of hydrofuramide.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1980.070250701
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Furfural-based phosphonic acid cation exchange resins from N-vinylcarbazole and its polymer. I (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 149-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Crosslinked polymers based on the condensation of furfural with N-vinylcarbazole and poly(N-vinylcarbazole) were prepared. The effect of variation of furfural concentration on the condensation of furfural with N-vinylcarbazole and its polymer was studied. The polymers were chemically modified into phosphonic acid cation exchange resins. The effects of variation of AlCl3, PCl3, and furfural amounts, reaction time, and rephosphorylation on the synthesis and capacities of cation exchange resins were also studied.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270117
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation of glycosaminoglycan production in murine tumors (1984)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 25 (1984), S. 183-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: glycosaminoglycans ; murine tumors ; host-tumor cell interactions ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Three types of murine tumors, B-16 melanoma, A-10 carcinoma, and S-180 sarcoma, were shown to contain elevated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) concentrations in vivo as compared to normal muscle or subcutaneous tissue. Hyaluronate was especially concentrated in the A-10 carcinoma, which contained approximately six times more hyaluronate than subcutaneous tissue and 18 times more than muscle. In all three tumors, chondroitin sulfates, especially chondroitin-4-sulfate, were present in higher concentrations than in the. normal tissues. In culture, however, all three tumor cell lines produced less than 5% as much GAG as mouse fibroblasts, when measured by incorporation of [3H] acetate or by chemical analysis. Varying the culture passage number or the medium composition, ie, glucose, serum, and insulin concentrations, had little effect on GAG synthesis by the tumor cells. The low GAG levels in the tumor cell cultures were not due to hyaluronidase activity in their media. In an attempt to mimic possible host-tumor cell interactions that could account for the elevated GAG levels in vivo, tumor cells were cocultured with fibroblasts, but no stimulation above the amount made by the tumor cells alone plus that by the fibroblasts alone was observed. Conditioned media from the tumor cells, either dialyzed or not against fresh complete medium, had no effect on fibroblast GAG synthesis. Tumor extracts, however, were found to stimulate synthesis of hyaluronate by fibroblasts. Stimulation by extracts of A-10 carcinoma was greater than and additive to that of serum. The above results strongly suggest that GAG production in these tumors is in pail regulated by host-tumor interactions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240250402
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on carbazole based polyarylates (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 97 (1981), S. 79-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde ein neues Polyarylat aus Carbazol und Resorcinol nach der Methode der Lösungskondensation bei niedriger Temperatur unter Verwendung von Pyridin als Katalysator hergestellt. Das Polymere wurde im Hinblick auf seine Struktur, thermische Stabilität und sein dielektrisches Verhalten charakterisiert. Der Einfluß des Diphenolenteils auf die thermischen und dielektrischen Eigenschaften dieses Polyarylats und anderer auf Carbazolbasis wurde untersucht.
    Notes: A novel polyarylate has been synthesized from carbazole and resorcinol by low temperature solution condensation method using as an acceptor-catalytic reagent pyridine. It has been characterized in respect of its structure, thermal stability and dielectric behaviour. The influence of the diphenol moiety on the thermal and the dielectric properties of this polyarylate and the others based on carbazole has been studied.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1981.050970107
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