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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 23 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Pitting corrosion of nitrogen alloyed austenitic CrNiMnMoN steels in 3% NaCl solutionNitrogen containing austenitic CrNiMnMoN steels investigated electrochemically in chloride containing aqueous solutions exhibit pitting corrosion susceptibility which may be attributed to the materials conditions after solution annealing and work hardening. The range of passivity of high chromium steels goes up to a potential of E ≍ 1300 mVH H, but beyond the limiting potential EL for stable pitting there may be pitting phenomena on the rolled surfaces of the specimens. At potentials between E ≍ 300 mVH and EN various current density peaks appear and indicate the range of repassivable pitting in terms of pit formation on the cutting edges of the specimens. After cold rolling of the sheet the current density is increased in the entire potential range, since the pit density cutting edges and rolled surfaces increases as deformation is increased. Such cold working, however, does not result in a shift of the limiting potential EL for stable pitting. Investigations concerning the place of formation of the pits indicate that nuclei are preferentially formed at the sites of sulfide inclusions the different shapes of which produce pits of corresponding appearance on the different faces of the specimen. The growth of the pit is influenced by the depth of the pores resulting from the dissolution of the inclusion, and by lattice defects in the metal.
    Notes: Stickstofflegierte austenitische CrNiMnMoN-Stähle zeigen bei elektrochemischen Untersuchungen in chloridhaltigen wäßrigen Lösungen eine Lochfraßanfälligkeit, die mit den Werkstoffzuständen nach Lösungsglühen und Kaltverformungen zusammenhängt. Der Passivbereich der hochchromhaltigen Stähle reicht bis zu einem Potential von E ≍ 1300 mVH, bei dem nach Überschreiten des Grenzpotentials stabile Lochkorrosion EL Lochfraßschäden und Kaltverformungen zusammenhängt. Der Passivbereich der hochchromhaltigen Stähle; reicht bis zu einem Potentialen von E ≍ 300 mVH bis EL bilden sich verschiedene Stromdichtemaxima, die mit dem Entstehen von Löchern auf den Schnittflächen der Proben den Bereich des repassivierbaren Lochfraßes anzeigen. Nach Kaltwalzen der Bleche ist die Stromdichte im gesamten Potentialbereich erhöht, da die Lochdichte auf den Schnitt-und Walzflächen mit steigendem Verformungsgrad zunimmt. Kaltverformungen verändern die Lage des Grenzpotentials für stabile Lochkorrosion EL nicht. Untersuchungen über den Entstehungsort der Löcher sagen aus, daß die Keimbildung bevorzugt an Sulfideinschlüssen erfolgt, deren unterschiedliche Formen auf den verschiedenen Flächen der Proben zu Lochfraßschäden mit entsprechendem Aussehen führen. Das Lochwachstum wird von den entstehenden Vertiefungen nach dem Herauslösen der Sulfide und von Gitterstörungen des Metalls beeinflußt.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 35 (1984), S. 384-384 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 26 (1975), S. 836-843 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Influence of corrosive media on the life of brazed materials (part I)Brazings made of austenitic stainless steel (German designation X 5 CrNi 18 9) and the silver base brazing materials (Nos. 4003, 5009 and 5603) were studied in tap water and sulfuric acid (5%). The parameters studied were the influence of the medium on the mechanical properties and on the structure of the brazed systems. The results were obtained electrochemically (potentiokinetic current potential and potential/time curves) and by metallographic investigation. The analysis were carried out with the aid of the electromicro probe. The tests have revealed that the systems brazed with the Zn containing materials (No. 4003 and 5009) are more of heavily corroded than those made with the zinc free materials (No. 5603). The attack is localized in the first case at the mixed crystals the brass type which adhere to the steel surface; this attack then gives rise to a loss of continuity. The brazings made with the braze No. 5603 are characterized by mechanical resistance superior to that of the base material. According to the results of the electrochemical investigation the breakthrough potential of these brazings is considerably more positive than that of the two others. The attack is different in the two test media: in tap water there is preferential attack of the braze while sulfuric acid preferentially attack of the base material.
    Notes: Hartlötverbindungen aus dem Stahl X 5 CrNi 18 9 und den Ag-Hartloten (Nr. 4003, 5009 und 5603) wurden in Leitungswasser und Schwefelsäure (5%) untersucht. Verfolgt wurde der Einfluß des jeweiligen Mediums auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften und auf das Gefüge der Lötverbindungen. Die Ergebnisse wurden elektrochemisch (potentiokinetische Strom/Potential- und Potential-Zeit-Kurven) sowie durch metallographische Untersuchungen erhalten. Die Analysen wurden mit Hilfe der Elektronenmikrosonde durchgeführt. Die Versuche haben gezeigt, daß die mit den zinkhaltigen Hartloten (Nr. 4003 und 5009) hergestellten Lötverbindungen stärker angegriffen werden als die mit dem zinkfreien Lot (Nr. 5603) hergestellten Verbindungen. Der Angriff konzentriert sich im ersten Fall auf die Mischkristalle vom Messingtyp, die an der Stahloberfläche festgewachsen sind; durch diesen Angriff geht die Kontinuität der Verbindung verloren. Die mit dem Hartlot Nr. 5603 hergestellten Verbindungen besitzen eine höhere mechanische Festigkeit als das Grundmaterial. Nach den Ergebnissen der elektrochemischen Untersuchungen ist das Durchbruchspotential dieser Hartlötverbindungen wesentlich positiver als das der beiden anderen. Der Angriff ist in den beiden Versuchsmedien unterschiedlich: im Leitungswasser findet er vor allem in der Lötverbindung statt, während Schwefelsäure vorzugsweise das Grundmetall angreift.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 26 (1975), S. 919-923 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Influence of corrosive media on the useful life of junctions brazed with high temperature brazing materialsJunctions obtained with NiCr 20 TiAl and X 8 CrCoNiMo 10 6 as base materials using VH 950 (gold-nickel base) and NB 30 (NiCrSi 71 19 10) brazing materials have been studied in tap water, sulfuric acid (5%) and seawater. The tests were made as immersion tests or as electrochemical tests. The corrosion resistance depends from the potential differences between the constituents of the brazed junction in the particular electrolyte. The nickel alloy junctions made with VH 950 are, consequently, characterized by high corrosion resistance; the junctions based on the alloy steel, on the other hand, are little resistant in sulfuric acid. This effect is attributed to the electrochemical character of the steel which may be in the active state. The NB 30 brazing material, on the other hand, turns out to be dangerous even in junctions of the nickel alloy: this effect may be attributed to the diffusion and to the reactivity of the Si containing system.
    Notes: Lötverbindungen aus NiCr 20 TiAl und X 8 CrCoNiMo 10 6 als Grundwerkstoffe und Hartloten der Typen VH 950 (AuNi) und NB 30 (NiCrSi 71 19 10) wurden in Leitungswasser, Schwefelsäure (5%) und Meerwasser untersucht, und zwar im Tauchversuch und elektrochemisch. Die Korrosionsbeständigkeit ist danach abhängig vom Potentialunterschied zwischen den einzelnen Bestandteilen der Lötverbindung im jeweiligen Elektroylten. Die Lötverbindungen aus der Nickellegierung mit dem Lot VH 950 besitzen daher hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit, während die Verbindungen aus Stahl (bei gleichem Lot) in Schwefelsäure wenig beständig sind. Dieser Effekt wird der Aktivierbarkeit des Stahls zugeschrieben. Das Lot NB 30 ist jedoch gefährlich auch in den Lotverbindungen der Nickellegierungen, was der Diffusionsneigung und der Reaktivität des Si-haltigen Systems zuzuschreiben ist.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 844-851 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocyclic Fused Naphthalene Systems from Thebaine, 1Tetrasubstituted naphthalenes 4, prepared by degradation of thebaine, are starting materials for the synthesis of heterocycles with structural elements of pharmacological relevance. “Acetalisation” of 4a leads to the naphtho[1,8-bc]pyran 7a, the course of formation of which has been elucidated.
    Notes: Die durch mehrstufigen Abbau aus Thebain zugänglichen tetrasubstituierten Naphthaline 4 sind Edukte für Heterocyclen mit pharmakophoren Strukturelementen. “Acetalisierung” von 4a führt zum Naphtho[1,8-bc]pyran 7a, dessen Bildungsweise geklärt wurde.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 8 (1985), S. 469-474 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography, LC ; Packed capillary columns ; On-Line multidimensional chromatography ; Gas chromatography, GC ; Capillary columns ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The introduction of selected fractions from a liquid chromatograph into a gas chromatograph has been described; however, analyses were performed by off-line experiments requiring collection and reinjection of the separate fractions or by on-line procedures where disadvantageously, only a fraction of the separated peak or a well resolved component in a mixture could be introduced into a gas chromatograph. This disadvantage is overcome by the apparatus and method described in this paper, which utilizes a multidimensional chromatography system employing a high efficiency, packed capillary LC column coupled on-line to a capillary gas chromatograph.The liquid chromatograph (so designed) can act as a highly efficient clean-up or chemical class fractionation step prior to introduction into the gas chromatograph, significantly reducing sample preparation times in many applications. Thus minor components in a complex matrix can be determined without prior sample clean-up, an example of which is the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in a complex hydrocarbon matrix.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 10 (1987), S. 477-478 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary SFC ; Reproducibility ; Pump filling method ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 7 (1984), S. 329-332 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Fused silica capillary columns ; Deactivation ; Polymethylhydrosiloxanes ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 8 (1985), S. 297-300 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Supercritical fluid chromatography, SFC ; Capillary columns ; Modified flame ionization detector ; Polar compounds ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The modifications made to a flame ionization detector (FID) to facilitate the detection of large molecular weight polar compounds analyzed by capillary supercritical fluid chromatography are described. Some specific examples are given to demonstrate that polar compounds can be effectively eluted using deactivated fused silica capillary columns and supercritical carbon dioxide at 40°C.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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