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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 49 (1962), S. 181-181 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 22 (1954), S. 163-170 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 68.55.-a
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Fe/Al multilayers are prepared by crossed-beam pulsed laser deposition and investigated by Rutherford backscattering, conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results are compared to purely ballistic simulations of the deposition process using the TRIDYN4.0 code. It is found that the intermixing of adjacent layers must be described in terms of ballistic mixing followed by chemical mixing. The phase formation in the transition layer between adjacent layers follows the non-equilibrium behavior of Fe/Al in analogy to investigations on mechanically alloyed and ion-beam-mixed Fe/Al. In Fe-rich areas a bcc solid solution is formed. In Al-rich environment an amorphous phase is observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.40; 61.80; 62
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: 3 N4 ceramic after chromium implantation were investigated for the dependence on implantation energy between 200 keV and 3 MeV at a fixed fluence of 1017 ions/cm2. The wear of the modified material is reduced for a load of 2 N independent of ion energy accompanied by a slight increase of the friction coefficient. At higher loads only high-energy implantations result in improved wear behaviour. Structural investigations show the absence of any new phases formed by ion implantation. All energies result in an amorphous layer. For lower energies this amorphous layer reaches up to the surface whereas at higher energies it is covered by still-crystalline but damaged material. The observed wear behaviour can be explained with the amorphization of the near surface region and the stress generated by the volume swelling of the amorphous layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 68.55.-a; 61.82.Bg; 81.40.Rs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Co/Cu multilayers were prepared by crossed-beam pulsed laser deposition and characterized by high-angle X-ray diffraction, as well as specular and non-specular reflection. Ion-beam mixing of the multilayers with 150 keV Cu+ ions and a fluence of up to 5×1015 cm-2 leads to the formation of a granular system of superparamagnetic Co clusters in Cu, as shown by magnetic measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 34 (1992), S. 471-477 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Transfer RNA ; Acceptor helix stem ; Primordial code ; Statistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The specificity of interaction of amino acids with triplets in the acceptor helix stem of tRNA was investigated by means of a statistical analysis of 1400 tRNA sequences. The imprint of a prototypic genetic code at position 3–5 of the acceptor helix was detected, but only for those major amino acids, glycine, alanine, aspartic acid, and valine, that are formed by spark discharges of simple gases in the laboratory. Although remnants of the code at position 3–5 are typical for tRNAs of archaebacteria, eubacteria, and chloroplasts, eukaryotes do not seem to contain this code, and mitochondria take up an intermediary position. A duplication mechanism for the transposition of the original 3–5 code toward its present position in the anticodon stern of tRNA is proposed. From this viewpoint, the mode of evolution of mRNA and functional ribosomes becomes more understandable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 68.55.-a; 61.82.Bg
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The amorphous non-equilibrium state of the system Fe/Al is studied in bulk and thin-film systems. For bulk samples prepared by ion-beam mixing of laser-deposited multilayers, a bcc solid solution is found for alloys with up to 70 at. % Al. Around 75 at. % Al a Fe2Al5-like crystalline phase is found. An amorphous state with Fe2Al5-like short-range order is found for 80 at. % Al. In thin films, for example the amorphous Al-rich transition layer of a laser-deposited Fe/Al multilayer, the amorphous state can exist for up to 30 at. % Fe due to the high interfacial energy. By ion-beam mixing at low temperatures (about 140 K) an oversaturation with 40 at. % Fe can be achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 56 (1993), S. 527-546 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 52.25.Dg ; 79.20.Nc ; 82.65.Yh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The elementary mechanisms are described which determine the plasma and surface processes during the plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition of hydrogenated carbon films from methane. Corresponding model calculations are reviewed and critically discussed in comparison to experimental results. A realistic modeling requires the simultaneous and self-consistent treatment of plasma and surface effects. Several experimental data sets on plasma parameters and the growth and the composition of the films have been reproduced successfully. However, a broader experimental data base is needed for more critical tests of the models. The reliability of the modeling, in particular of the surface effects, is still limited due to the poor availability of elementary data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 19-29 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.70.Tm ; 61.70.Wp ; 61.80.Jh.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Deuterons of 10 keV energy and protons with the same mean projected range have been implanted into several metals at a temperature of approximately 35 K and at dose rates of approximately 2 × 1014 cm−2 s−1. The amount of retained deuterium saturates at fluences larger than roughly 2 × 1018 cm−2. After implantation of deuterons and subsequent bombardment with protons, the deuteron depth profiles show characteristic double peak structures, which indicate a replacement process. The experimental data are in good agreement with a simple model of local saturation and mixing. The possible implications of this model are discussed.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 30 (1985), S. 383-389 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe des Mikro-Thermoanalysators und des Wärmeflußcalorimeters DSC 111 der Fa. Setaram wurden die Entropien für den Phasenübergang Chalcopyrit-Zinkblende von AIBIIIC 2 VI - und AIIBIVC 2 V -Verbindungen bestimmt. Aus diesen Experimenten kann nicht geschlossen werden, welche Ordnung der Übergang besitzt. In der Diskussion wird jedoch gezeigt, daß ein Übergang erster Ordnung wahrscheinlich ist. Eine einfache Korrelation zwischen dem Gitterkonstantenverhältnis, extrapoliert bis zum Schmelzpunkt und der auf den Schmelzpunkt reduzierten Umwandlungstemperatur gestattet die Vorhersage von Phasenumwandlungen.
    Abstract: Резюме С помощью микротермо анализатора Сетарам и ДСК 111с тепловым потоком было определено изме нение энтропии при фа зовом переходе типа халько пирит-сфалерит для соединений АIBIIIC 2 VI и АIBIVC 2 V . На основе полученных результа тов не представилось возможным установит ь порядок перехода, но в обсуждении указывае тся как на переход первого порядка. На ос нове простой корреля ции между отношением постоянн ых решетки, экстраполированных до температуры плавл ения, и приведенной темпера турой фазового перехода, можно устан овить степень разупо рядочения.
    Notes: Abstract The entropy change of the phase transition from the chalcopyrite to the sphalerite structure of compounds AIBIIIC 2 VI and AIIBIVC 2 V was determined with a Setaram Microthermalanalyzer and a DSC 111 heat flow calorimeter. From these results one can not generally decide the order of the phenomenon, but the discussion gives hints as to a first-order transition. On the basis of a simple correlation between the ratio of the lattice constants extrapolated up to the melting temperature and the reduced temperature of the phase transition, it is possible to predict the order disorder behaviour.
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