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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Photosynthesis ; Regulation ; Thioredoxin ; Cyanobacterium ; Chromatium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Enzymes that are regulated by the ferredoxin/thioredoxin system in chloroplasts — fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase purified from two different types of photosynthetic prokaryotes (cyanobacteria, purple sulfur bacteria) and tested for a response to thioredoxins. Each of the enzymes from the cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum, an oxygenic organism known to contain the ferredoxin/thioredoxin system, was activated by thioredoxins that had been reduced either chemically by dithiothreitol or photochemically by reduced ferredoxin and ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase. Like their chloroplast counterparts, N. muscorum FBPase and SBPase were activated preferentially by reduced thioredoxin f. SBPase was also partially activated by thioredoxin m. PRK, which was present in two regulatory forms in N. muscorum, was activated similarly by thioredoxins f and m. Despite sharing the capacity for regulation by thioredoxins, the cyanobacterial FBPase and SBPase target enzymes differed antigenically from their chloroplast counterparts. The corresponding enzymes from Chromatium vinosum, an anoxygenic photosynthetic purple bacterium found recently to contain the NADP/thioredoxin sytem, differed from both those of cyanobacteria and chloroplasts in showing no response to reduced thioredoxin. Instead, C. vinosum FBPase, SBPase, and PRK activities were regulated by a metabolite effector, 5′-AMP. The evidence is in accord with the conclusion that thioredoxins function in regulating the reductive pentose phosphate cycle in oxygenic prokaryotes (cyanobacteria) that contain the ferredoxin/thioredoxin system, but not in anoxygenic prokaryotes (photosynthetic purple bacteria) that contain the NADP/thioredoxin system. In organisms of the latter type, enzyme effectors seem to play a dominant role in regulating photosynthetic carbon dioxide assimilation.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 1 (1986), S. 229-230 
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 5 (1990), S. 213-215 
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Gynaecological tumours ; Endometriosis ; Haematoporphyrin derivative
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumen Se describe a Heteroxynema (Cavioxyura) viscaciae n. sp. paràsito del ciego intestino grueso del rodeor Lagidium viscacia boxi Thomas. Esta nueva especie se asemeja a Heteroxynema (Cavioxyura) chiliensis Quentin, 1975, paràsito de Octodon degus (Molina) de Chile de la cual se diferencie esencialmente por sus medidas y por la disposicion de las papilas genitales del macho. El estudio de esta nueva especie muestra la existencia de: (i) un tipo poco frecuente en los Oxyuroidea de dimorfismo sexual a nivel de las estructuras bucales; (ii) cuatro pares de papilas genitales en el macho ubicadas proximas a relieves cuticulares que en otras especies pueden haber sido confundidos con terminaciones nerviosas suplementarias; (iii) de un gubernàculo y una espicula, organos raramente observables en los Heteroxynematidae, pero cuya presencia en otras especies del grupo pudo haber sido ignorada; (iv) de un sphincter particularmente diferenciado y desarollado.
    Abstract: Abstract Heteroxynema (Cavioxyura) viscaciae n. sp., parasitic in the caecum and large intestine of Lagidium viscacia boxi Thomas, is described. The most closely related species is Heteroxynema (Cavioxyura) chiliensis Quentin, 1975, a parasite of Octodon degus (Molina) from Chile, from which the new species differs by its measurements and disposition of the male's genital papillae. Study of this new species shows the existence of: (i) a type of sexual dimorphism infrequent in the Oxyuroidea, at the level of the buccal structures; (ii) only four pairs of male genital papillae adjoining cuticular protuberances which in other species may have been confused with supplementary nerve endings; (iii) a gubernaculum and a spicule, structures infrequently observed in the Heteroxynematidae, and possibly overlooked or ignored in other species; (iv) a sphincter which is strongly differentiated and developed.
    Notes: Résumé Heteroxynema (Cavioxyura) viscaciae n. sp., parasite du caecum et du gros intestin d'un rongeur caviomorphe d' Argentine, Lagidium viscacia boxi Thomas, est décrit. Cette nouvelle espèce est très proche de Heteroxynema (Cavioxyura) chiliensis Quentin, 1975, parasite d' Octodon degus (Molina) au Chili, dont elle se distingue essentiellement par ses mensurations et par la disposition de certaines papilles génitales des mâles. L'étude de cette nouvelle espèce montre l'existence: (i) au niveau des structures buccales d'un dimorphisme sexuel d'un type peu fréquent chez les Oxyuroidea; (ii) de quatre paires seulement de papilles génitales mâles voisinant avec des reliefs cuticulaires qui, dans d'autres espèces, ont peut-être été confondus avec des terminaisons nerveuses supplémentaires; (iii) d'un gubernaculum et d'un spicule, organes rarement observés chez les Heteroxynematidae, mais dont la présence dans d'autres espèces du groupe pourrait avoir été ignorée; (iv) au niveau de l'ovéjecteur, d'un sphincter particulièrement différencié et développé.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Graphidioides kravetzi n. sp., from the cricetidHolochilus brasiliensis in Uruguay, is characterised by relatively long rays 2 in relation to the length of rays 3 and by the characters of the synlophe: the same number of ridges at mid-body and at the level of oesophago-intestinal junction; and in the anterior part of the body ridges facing the lateral fields more developed than the others at the same level. Redescriptions of three species belonging to the genusGraphidioides Cameron, 1923 (Trichostrongylinae) from Argentina are presented:G. rudicaudatus (Railliet & Henry, 1909) Cameron, 1925 fromLagostomus maximus; G. mazzai Lent & Freitas, 1935 fromCavia aperea pamparum; andG. taglei Babero & Cattan, 1975 fromOctodon bridgesi. Complementary data are provided concerning the type-species,G. affinis (Megnin, 1895), fromDolichotis patagonum. An amended definition of the genusGraphidioides is proposed, mainly based on a knowledge of the synlophe, with ridges orientated perpendicularly to the body surface and lacking facing the lateral cords, and the pattern of the caudal bursa. A dichotomous key to the species of the genus is provided.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumen La descripcion de Wellcomia dolichotis n. sp., parásito de un roedor caviomorfo neotropical: Dolichotis patagonum (Zimmermann), permite completar el conocimiento de la morphología y distribución zoogeografica del genero Wellcomia Sambon, 1907 en donde todos los hospedadores conocidos hasta el momento son roedores Hystricognatos. Esta nueva especie posee el conjunto de caracteres que se pueden considerar como característicos del género y en particular, la disposición general de las estructuras cefálicas, la ornamentación cuticular ventral del macho, constituida por una sucesión de pliegues, y la presencia en la hembra de una espermateca bien diferenciada. La especie aqui descripta se distingue principalémente de las otras descriptas dentro de este género, por el escaso desarollo de los relieves bucales, la presencia de alas cervicales, la disposición particular de la ornementación ventral en el macho, que además posee una espícula especialmente larga, y la gran talla de la hembra. El escaso realce de las estructuras bucales y la ausencia de especialización de la ornamentación anteroventral del macho, pueden ser considerados como caracteres relativamente plesiomorfos. Estos caracteres permiten interpretar a este nematodo parásito de Dolichotis como representante de una línea particular distinta de aquellas dentro el género que agrupan al conjunto de los parásitos de puercoespines del viejo mundo (Hystricidos) por un lado, al de puercoespines del nuevo mundo (Erethizontidos) por otro, y al de los Dinomydos.
    Abstract: Abstract The description of Wellcomia dolichotis n. sp., a parasite of Dolichotis patagonum (Zimmermann), a neotropical caviomorph rodent, allows us to complete our knowledge of the morphology and zoogeographical distribution of the genus Wellcomia Sambon, 1907 which up to now, has been known only in hystricognath rodents. This new species has all the typical characters of the genus, i.e. general disposition of the cephalic structures and ventral cuticular ornamentation in the male, and the presence in the female of a very differenciated spermatheca. The species described herein can be distinguished from all others in the genus by the feeble development of the buccal reliefs, disposition of the ventral ornamentation and length of the spicule in the male and the great size of mature females. The feeble development of the buccal reliefs and the absence of specialized ornamentation in the male can be considered as relatively plesiomorphic characters. These allow us to consider this nematode parasitizing Dolichotis as belonging to a group different to the one in this genus which occurs in Old World porcupines (Hystricidae), or those parasitizing New World porcupines (Erethizontidae), and also those from the Dinomyidae.
    Notes: Résumé La description de Wellcomia dolichotis n. sp., parasite d'un Rongeur Caviomorphe Dolichotidé néotropical: Dolichotis patagonum (Zimmermann), permet de compléter la connaissance de la morphologie et de la distribution zoogéographique du genre Wellcomia Sambon, 1907, dont tous les hôtes actuellement connus sont des Rongeurs Hystricognathes. Cette nouvelle espèce possède l'ensemble des caractères que l'on peut considérer comme caractéristiques de ce genre, en particulier: la disposition générale des structures céphaliques, l'ornementation cuticulaire ventrale du mâle constituée par des rangées successives de grandes crêtes et la présence chez la femelle d'une spermathèque très différenciée. Elle se distingue principalement des autres espèces décrites dans le genre par le faible développement des reliefs buccaux, la présence dans les deux sexes d'ailes cervicales, la disposition particulière de l'ornementation ventrale chez le mâle, qui possède en outre un spicule particulièrement long, et la grande taille des femelles. Le faible développement des reliefs buccaux et l'absence de spécialisation de l'ornementation ventrale du mâle dans sa partie antérieure, peuvent être considérés comme des caractères relativement plésiomorphes. Ces caractères permettent d'interpréter le parasite du Dolichotis comme le représentant d'une lignée particulière, distincte de celle qui regroupe l'ensemble des autres espèces du genre qui sont parasites soit de Porc-épics de l'Ancien-Monde (Hystricidés), soit de Porc-épics du Nouveau-Monde (Eréthizontidés), soit de Dinomyidés.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumen En este trabajo, se redescribe a Eudromoxyura aspiculuris (Boero & Led, 1971) parásito de un ave Tinamiforme de la República Argentina, especie típica y única del género Eudromoxyura anderson & Prestwood, 1972, E. elonbyrdi Anderson & Prestwood 1972, es considerada su sinónimo. Los caracteres morfológicos y la posición sistemática del género Eudromoxyura son discutidos. Los géneros Syphaciella (Mönning, 1920) y Eudromoxyura, únicos oxyuros conocidos como parásitos de aves, tienen probablemente orígenes independientes.
    Abstract: Abstract Eudromoxyura aspiculuris (Boero & Led, 1971) is a parasite of a tinamid bird in Argentina. This is the type and only one known speices so far described in the genus Eudromoxyura Anderson & Prestwood, 1972. It is here redescribed, and Eudromoxyura elonbyrdi Anderson & Prestwood 1972 is considered a synonym. The morphological characters and systematic position of the genus Eudromoxyura are discussed. The genera Syphaciella (Mönning, 1920) and Eudromoxyura, the only oxyurids known parasitising birds, have probably arisen independently.
    Notes: Résumé Eudromoxyura aspiculuris (Boero & Led, 1971) parasite d'oiseaux Tinamidae en Argentine, et espècetype unique du genre Eudromoxyura Anderson & Prestwood, 1972 est redécrite. Eudromoxyura elonbyrdi Anderson & Prestwood, 1972 est synonyme de cette espèce. Les caractères morphologiques et la position systématique du genre Eudromoxyura sont dicutés. Les genres Syphaciella (Mönning, 1920) et Eudromoxyura, qui sont les seuls oxyures connus chez des Oiseaux, ont probablement des origines indépendantes.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In a pot experiment the soil volume available for ryegrass growth was varied. There was relatively greater uptake of phosphorus from the smaller amounts of soil and an increase in the pool of labile phosphorus (the L-value). It appears that an equilibrium exists in the soil between non-labile and labile phosphorus, and this equilibrium may be disturbed by the removal of phosphorus by plants. The variations of L-value with time followed a pattern indicating the initial influence of seed-borne phosphorus and slow isotopic exchange of the added carrier-free P32 with soil phosphorus.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 9 (1958), S. 305-317 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effects were studied of hydrogen-ion concentration, calcium and manganese supply on the yield of lucerne in both agar and water culture. One agar experiment allowed the effects of two light intensities and two temperatures, on these factors, to be investigated. The toxicity of pH 4 was found to vary, and calcium and nitrogen levels, culture method and climatic conditions were considered contributory factors. The high manganese supply was also found to vary in its toxicity, the most adverse effects being at pH 6, a low calcium supply and a high light intensity. Where the toxicity was most severe the usual orange-brown spotting symptoms were replaced by a chlorosis. Some chemical analyses of the manganese contents of the plants grown under these conditions are reported.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 18 (1963), S. 267-272 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Of the phosphate applied to two soils in the field, 42 and 100 per cent respectively remained in the top six inches three years later. The loss from the organic soil is believed to have been due to leaching. In the soils from both sites, half the residual phosphate (measured by isotopic dilution) was still labile, and within each soil the uptake of phosphate by ryegrass was highly correlated with the L-value. However, the phosphate in the labile pools of the two soils differed: in the soil that had lost phosphate, a greater fraction of the pool was in the soil solution and a greater proportion was taken up by ryegrass grown in pots. It is suggested that such differences in the behaviour of the phosphate within the labile pool may yield information on the mechanism of phosphate retention.
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