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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 24 (1936), S. 621-624 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 6 (1972), S. 95-120 
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary Experimental methods for the determination of visco-elastic strain recoveries in timber are described. Intensive studies were carried out on Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell., to determine the characteristics of visco-elastic, longitudinal strain recovery, and its distribution along radial limes, in wood from butt, middle and top logs of trees; and also to investigate the effect on strain recovery of different diameters of trees and tree ages. Much less extensive tests, made on three other eucalyptus species and on Pinus radiata D. Don, were undertaken to explore the possibility of strong species differences. It was found that the total visco-elastic strain recovery varied from maximum tensile values near the bark, through zero to maximum compressive values near the pit. It followed an exponential-rate curve commencing immediately after elastic strain release. Increments after 14 days were rarely measurable. An effect of increasing recoveries with age was proved highly significant. Large differences in recovery were evident between the softwood and the hardwood species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 79 (1932), S. 194-196 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine Änderung des Reflexionsvermögens von polykristallinem Wismut für 9μ Wellenlänge ist nicht nachweisbar; wenn sie vorhanden ist, dann ist ihr Betrag bei Zimmertemperatur 25- bis 50 mal, bei — 185°C aber 100- bis 200 mal kleiner, als die allgemeine Formel verlangt. Die Leitfähigkeit des Wismuts, mindestens ihre magnetische Zunahme, ist also keine normale Elektronenleitfähigkeit. Wir versuchen zurzeit die Dispersion der magnetischen Widerstandsänderung für sehr hohe Frequenzen zu messen; bis 106 Hertz ist noch keine Anomalie aufgetreten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Experiments were performed to identify relationships between morphological and physiological events during batch fermentation of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Differing fermentation conditions were obtained by manipulation of the culture pH value during the process. The bacterium showed marked changes in morphology during its cultivation, similar to those previously observed for other strains. However, although the acidogenic phase was characterized by the presence of rod-shaped cells, and the solventogenic phase by clostridial forms, there was no simple relationship between the proportion of clostridial forms present and the ratio of solvents to acids. Nevertheless, the shift from acidogenesis to solventogenesis was always coincident with the presence of some clostridial forms and with the accumulation of granulose within the cells. In addition, the “solvent shift” was associated with major changes in the cellular protein pattern, as analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Hence, the potential solventogenic ability of any particular culture may be recognised by its morphological appearance and/or its cellular protein pattern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 17 (1996), S. 333-344 
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: Submillimeter radiometers ; SIS detectors and mixers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present a simple method to determine the spectral response of an SIS detector in the millimeter and submillimeter wavelength range from its current response to a chopped cold-load. This direct detection response is also a good indicator of quantum efficiency and mixer noise temperature when using the SIS junction in heterodyne mode. A simple experimental setup without local oscillator, cryogenic IF-amplifier or any quasioptical interferometer allows a quick diagnosis of integrated planar impedance matching structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 224 (1995), S. 117-120 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Keywords: Submm. CO spectroscopy ; YSO ; shocks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report submillimeter CO(6-5) observations around 15 nearby young stellar objects of low mass. The correlation between linewidth and peak temperature indicates shock heating of dense gas, presumably at the origin of molecular outflows.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 14 (1993), S. 1867-1887 
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: Quasioptical SIS mixers ; submillimeter radiometers ; radio astronomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the development of a low noise heterodyne receiver optimized for astronomical observations in the 650 GHz atmospheric window, and specifically for the CO(J=6→5) line at 691.5 GHz. The system is based on an open structure SIS heterodyne mixer pumped by a continuously tunable solid state oscillator. A niobium SIS junction double array is placed at the end of an integrated V-Antenna. For broad band impedance matching a combination of microstrip impedance transformer and radial stub was used. Receiver noise temperatures of 550 K DSB at 684 GHz were achieved at a 1.8 K physical temperature. The performance improved substantially when decreasing the temperature from 4.2 to 1.8 K. Comparison of model calculations and Fourier transform direct detection measurements of the tuning structure implies that this effect is likely due to the coincidence of operational frequency and the gap frequency of the niobium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 14 (1993), S. 715-728 
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: Quasioptical mixers ; submillimeter radiometers ; radio astronomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Everyone recognizes the need to drive symmetric quasioptical antennas in a symmetric way to maintain clean antenna patterns; in this note we report on the advantages of bringing out the IF in a symmetric (balanced) way as well. The main difference in IF circuits between waveguide and open structure mixers is that the quasioptical mixers are usually also open at IF wavelengths, so IF currents can flow on the outside of the mixer mounting structures. We measured these surface currents and their associated resonances on a scale model of our mixer block for a 690 GHz SIS mixer. Bringing the IF off the mixer with a balanced circuit solves the surface current problems, yielding a broad bandwidth with predictable impedances. We successfully tested an octave bandwidth IF matching circuit for open structure mixers that incorporates a commercial 180° hybrid at cryogenic temperatures. We also found that surface currents are not significant for corner cube mixers because they generate their own balancing currents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 15 (1994), S. 1465-1480 
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: Submillimeter radiometers ; radio astronomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract FANATIC is a compact radiometer optimized for radio astronomy from about 660 to 695 GHz (λλ 455 – 432 µm). We observed a large number of molecular and atomic spectral lines from galactic and extragalactic sources duringFANATIC's first run on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope in early March 1994. Double sideband receiver temperatures during observations were about 800 K (25hv/k). The heart of the receiver is a two-junction Nb/AlOx/Nb SIS array fed by a sandwiched V-Antenna. The junction array and antenna are fabricated together at IRAM's Grenoble SIS laboratory. Each junction has a normal resistance of Rn ∼ 10 Ω, an area of ∼ 2 µm2, an individual radial stub circuit to resonate the capacitance, and a λ/4 transformer to match to the antenna. The solid-state local oscillator is a mm-wave Gunn oscillator followed by a doubler and tripler. The LO diplexer is a Martin-Puplett interferometer, which insures that there is always abundant LO power for operation and speedy tuning. The receiver and telescope coupling optics, LO, dewar, and calibration system fit on an 0.6 × 0.8 m optical breadboard.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    OR spectrum 12 (1990), S. 252-254 
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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