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  • 1
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    Pneumatic and Percussive Penetration Approaches for Heat Flow Probe Emplacement on Robotic Lunar Missions (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-26
    Print ISSN: 0167-9295
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-0794
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beiträge zur Koordinationschemie von Rhenium(III)chlorid in nichtwäßrigen Lösungen (1969)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 100 (1969), S. 358-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Coordination reactions of solutions of Re3Cl9 in acetonitrile, propanediol-1,2-carbonate, acetone and dimethylsulfoxide yield compounds with unchanged metal-cluster structures. The following compounds were isolated and characterised: [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl9(N3)3], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl6(N3)6], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl3(N3)9], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl9(CN)3], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl3(CN)9],Et 4N]3[Re3Cl9(NCS)3], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl6(NCS)6], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl3(NCS)9], Re3Cl9·(DMSO)3, Re3Cl9·(HMPT)3.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Koordinationschemische Umsetzungen von Lösungen des Re3Cl9 in Acetonitril, Propandiol-1,2-carbonat, Aceton und Dimethylsulfoxid führen zu Verbindungen in denen die Re3Cl3-Inselstruktur erhalten bleibt. Folgende Verbindungen wurden erhalten und charakterisiert: [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl9(N3)3], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl6(N3)6], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl3(N3)9], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl9(CN)3], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl3(CN)9], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl9(NCS)3], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl6(NCS)6], [Et 4N]3[Re3Cl3(NCS)9], Re3Cl9·(DMSO)3, Re3Cl9·(HMPT)3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00938274
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restriction fragment patterns of chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA of Dasypyvum villosum (L.) candargy and wheats (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1993), S. 44-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; T. durum ; Aegilops longissimum ; Dasypyrum villosum ; Endonuclease ; Cytoplasm donor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To elucidate the phylogenetic relationships and cytoplasmic types, restriction endonuclease fragment patterns of chloroplast (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) DNAs isolated from two different accessions of Dasypyrum villosum (L.) candargy were compared with those of tetraploid wheat (Triticum durum Desf., PI265007), hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv Chinese Spring), Aegilops longissimum (S. and M., in Muschli) Bowden and Hordeum vulgare L. T. aestivum and T. durum had identical restriction patterns for their cp and mtDNAs in digestions with four different enzymes. Likewise, no differences were found between the restriction fragment patterns of two accessions of D. villosum. But, there were distinct differences in chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment patterns between D. villosum and tetraploid and hexaploid wheats. A. longissimum (G609) showed a similar pattern to those wheats for PstI digestion of cpDNA. Organellar DNA from Hordeum vulgare (cv Himalaya) showed a distinctly different restriction pattern from those of wheat and D. villosum. These results suggest that D. villosum is unlikely to be the donor of cytoplasm to wheats, and its cytoplasmic organelles were also different from those of A. longissimum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223742
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of alloplasmic (cytoplasm=Triticum timopheevii) and euplasmic wheats (Triticum aestivum) to photoperiod and vernalization (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 66 (1983), S. 61-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; T. timopheevii ; Wheat ; Photoperiod ; Vernalization ; Male sterility ; Alloplasmic hybrids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Studies were conducted to determine the influence of the male sterility-inducing cytoplasm of Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. on response of several common winter wheat (T. aestivum L.) nuclear genotypes to photoperiod and vernalization. Comparative studies of cytoplasmic substitution lines provide information on the role of the cytoplasmic genetic mechanism in growth and development. In the case of cytoplasmic male sterility-based hybrid production systems, ubiquity of sterility-inducing cytoplasm in derived hybrids warrants thorough characterization of its influence on plant phenotype. Factorial combinations of cytoplasm (T. timopheevii and T. aestivum), nuclear genotype, and photoperiod or vernalization treatments were evaluated under hydroponic conditions in controlled environment chambers. Interaction of cytoplasm, photoperiod, and nuclear genotype was significant in one or more experiments for days to anthesis and potential spikelet number, and interaction of cytoplasm, vernalization, and nuclear genotype was significant for days to spike emergence. Long day length was associated with increased percentage seed set in one study, but interactions of photoperiod and cytoplasm were not detected for percentage seed set. Interactions involving cytoplasm and photoperiod or vernalization were interpreted as evidence of the existence of genetic factors in cytoplsam of T. timopheevii which alter photoperiod or vernalization responses of alloplasmic plants relative to responses exhibited by euplasmic plants. Since photoperiod and vernalization responses are critical to adaptation, T. timopheevii cytoplasm can alter adaptability of T. aestivum. The specific effect would be nuclear genotype dependent, and does not appear to be of a magnitude greater than that induced by nuclear genetic variability at loci conditioning photoperiod or vernalization responses or other adaptation-determining characteristics. Normal multilocation/year testing of alloplasmic hybrids should therefore adequately identify zones of adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00281850
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increasing grain protein content of hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by mutation breeding (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 65 (1983), S. 41-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; Wheat ; Protein ; Mutation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Poor adaptability or functional quality of much germplasm used for breeding high-protein hard red winter wheats prompted mutagenesis as an alternative means of increasing grain protein content. Four hard red winter wheat genotypes — KS644 (‘Triumph// Concho/Triumph’), ‘Kaw’, ‘Parker’, and ‘Shawnee’ — were treated with 0.40 M ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). Advanced lines (M8-M10) were selected that had a 3-year mean grain protein advantage of 0.7% to 2.0% over controls. Increased grain protein content was generally associated with decreased grain yield and kernel weight, but some high-protein mutant lines had yields or kernel weights similar to those of original genotypes. Changes in height and lodging induced by EMS were generally favorable, most mutants being shorter and lodging less than controls, but blooming date was generally delayed, a deleterious change. One line also changed from resistant to segregating for wheat soil-borne mosaic virus. Mutant lines might be utilized in cross-breeding programs, particularly if negative pleiotropic effects and linkages are absent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276260
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of preharvest sprouting resistance in Clark's Cream white winter wheat (1988)
    Springer
    Euphytica 38 (1988), S. 85-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; preharvest sprouting ; dormancy ; α-amylase ; falling number ; inhibitors ; embryo response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Resistance to preharvest sprouting has been observed in several white wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes, but the mode of resistance has not been determined. Studies were conducted to characterize the strong preharvest sprouting resistance in Clark's Cream genotype to facilitate breeding for the trait. Clark's Cream and five other hard red and white wheat genotypes were grown in the glasshouse and field and effects of simulated rain, embryo maturity, inhibitors in floral parts and GA, endogenous inhibitors, and ABA and GA combinations on sprouting were measured. The six genotypes differed significantly in sprouting after simulated rain, α-amylase activity, and response to GA and ABA. Embryo maturity and inhibition levels in floral parts and caryopses were nearly similar for all genotypes. Clark's Cream appeared to differ most in high embryo sensitivity, which was fairly nonspecific for ABA, GA, and endogenous inhibitor, and in low α-amylase production during sprouting. Breeding procedures that lead to the preharvest sprouting resistance of Clark's Cream are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024814
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heritabilities and genetic variation for preharvest sprouting in progenies of Clark's Cream white winter wheat (1988)
    Springer
    Euphytica 38 (1988), S. 93-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; breeding ; preharvest sprouting ; heritability ; variation ; α-amylase ; falling number
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Preharvest sprouting resistance is a major breeding criterion in many regions where white wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is produced. Availability of genetic sources of sprouting resistance should significantly advance this goal. Objectives of the present investigation were to determine heritabilities and genetic variation of sprouting resistance in progeny of six susceptible genotypes and Clark's Cream, a cultivar with excellent sprouting resistance. Sixty-five randomly selected F2:F3 lines from the six parental combinations were evaluated in blocks-within-replication designs at two locations during 1984–85. Falling number, α-amylase activity, and sprouting percentage in simulated rain were usually more favorable in F2:F4 grain than in grain of the susceptible parents and frequently equalled levels in grain of the resistant parent. Broad sense heritability estimates were moderate to high for falling number and α-amylase activity, low to moderate for visual sprouting, and inconsistent for embryo germination in ABA. Phenotypic correlations with sprouting were significant most often for falling number and least often for the agronomic traits, days to heading and kernel weight. We concluded that increased preharvest sprouting resistance is an attainable objective when genetic sources of strong resistance and appropriate selection criteria, such as sprouting after simulated rain, are used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024815
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of hard white winter wheats for a hard red winter wheat region (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 865-874 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; breeding ; grain yield ; grain quality ; preharvest sprouting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Hard white winter wheat (HWWW) occupies a very limited area of the USA, but its purported advantages suggest that its production in the major hard red winter wheat (HRWW) region may be feasible. Objectives of our investigations were to develop experimental HWWW lines that combined desirable attributes-grain yield, functional grain quality, and resistance to preharvest sprouting-in single genotypes for comparison with popular cultivars in the major US RHWW region. Forty-four lines from seven parental combinations were tested in randomized complete block designs at three Kansas locations during the 1981–82 and 1982–83 seasons. Agronomic traits, grain yield, grain quality, and preharvest sprouting were measured. Plant characteristics and grain yield were similar in the HWWW experimental lines and the HRWW check cultivar, Newton. Mean grain SDS-sedimentation value and grain protein content of most experimental lines equaled or exceeded that of the check. Dough mixing times frequently were shorter for the experimental lines than for the check cultivar, whereas loaf volumes were greater. Falling number usually was similar in all geneotypes, but α-amylase was higher in field-harvested grain of white lines than the check; both measures were more favorable than grain trade standards. We concluded that production of high yielding, high quality hard white winter wheat genotypes is feasible in the US ‘breakbasket’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021914
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gibberellic acid effects on germination and α-amylase activity of winter wheats (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 875-880 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; pre-harvest sprouting ; germination ; α-amylase enzyme ; gibberellic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Sensitivity to GA in non-Gai genome winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars was investigated to determine magnitude of variation of the trait, its association with other traits, and effects of geographical location of production. α-Amylase enzyme activity was measured before and after treatment with gibberellic acid in 18 cultivars grown at one location and in five cultivars grown at six locations. Dye-labeled starch and agar-starch media procedures were used for the first and second experiments, respectively. α-Amylase activity differed significantly among the 18 cultivars after germination in water, germination in GA, and in absolute and relative sensitivity to GA. Cultivars that reacted similarly to GA had some common ancestors in their pedigrees, and α-amylase activity and sensitivity to GA were significantly negatively associated with seed weight. α-Amylase activity differed between tall and semi-dwarf cultivars in the second experiment, but not in the first experiment. The magnitude of variation in α-amylase activity and its relationship to preharvest sprouting susceptibility of the cultivars suggested that the trait can be modified to improve seed dormancy. Significant interactions between cultivar responses to GA and geographical location of grain production suggested that selection should be carried out in several environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00038818
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship among planted and harvested kernel weights and grain yield and protein percentage in winter wheat (1985)
    Springer
    Euphytica 34 (1985), S. 751-757 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Trticum aestivum ; wheat ; gram yield ; grain protein ; seed quality ; yield components
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) kernel weight is an important yield component and seed quality factor that appears to be declining with recent cultivar releases in the major U.S. wheat region. The objectives of experiments were to detmrmine the relationship between planted and harvested 1000-kernel weights and their effect on grain yield and grain protein percentage. Twelve popular hard red winter wheat cultivars were grown with recommended practices at 10 Kansas locations for three years. Rank correlation coefficients between kernel weights and grain yields and protein percentages were calculated. Correlations of planted and harvested kernel weights over all cultivars with grain yield were inconsistent, being positive for some locations and years and negative for other locations and years. Planted kernel weights and grain yields of individual cultivars were not related, but harvested kernel weights and grain yields were correlated positively for eight of the 12 cultivars. Harvested kernel weights and grain protein percentages frequently were correlated positively at individual locations, but always were correlated negatively for individual cumtivars. It was concluded that high stable harvested wheat kernel weight is important as a component of grain yield under a range of environments and that improving this trait would benefit all segments of the wheat industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00035413
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