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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 27 (1988), S. 4331-4332 
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 113 (1991), S. 3189-3190 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 110 (1988), S. 5324-5329 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 130 (1989), S. 31-45 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Air-sea interaction ; atmospheric stratification ; Coriolis effect ; marine atmospheric boundary layer ; sea surface temperature gradient ; thermally forced surface wind
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An important part of the influence of the oceans on the atmosphere is through direct radiation, sensible heat flux and release of latent heat of evaporation, whereby all of these processes are directly related to the surface temperature of the oceans. A main effect of the atmosphere on the oceans is through momentum exchange at the air-ocean interface, and this process is directly related to the surface wind stress. The sea surface temperature (SST) and the surface wind stress are the two important components in the air-ocean system. If SST is given, a thermally forced boundary layer atmospheric circulation can be simulated. On the other hand, if the surface wind stress is given, the wind-driven ocean waves and ocean currents can be computed. The relationship between SST and surface wind is a coupling of the atmosphere and the oceans. It changes a one-way effect (ocean mechanically driven by atmosphere, or atmosphere thermally forced by oceans) into two-way air-sea interactions. Through this coupling the SST distribution, being an output from an ocean model, leads to the thermally forced surface winds, which feeds back into the ocean model as an additional forcing. Based on Kuo's planetary boundary layer model a linear algebraic equation is established to link the SST gradient with the thermally forced surface wind. The surface wind blows across the isotherms from cold to warm region with some deflection angle α to the right (left) in the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere. Results from this study show that the atmospheric stratification reduces both the speed and the deflection angle of the thermally forced wind, however, the Coriolis' effect increases the wind speed in stable atmosphere (Ri〉10−4) and increases the deflection angle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 15 (1997), S. 1067-1075 
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The study demonstrates that an incompatibility between a surface temperature climatology and a given ocean model, into which the climatology is assimilated via Haney restoration, can cause model ocean climate drift and interdecadal oscillations when the ocean is switched to a weaker restoration. This is made using an idealized Atlantic Ocean model driven by thermal and wind forcing only. Initially, the temperature climatology is forcefully assimilated into the model, and an implied heat flux field is diagnosed. During this stage any incompatibility is suppressed. The restoring boundary condition is then switched to a new forcing consisting of a part of the diagnosed flux and a part of the restoring forcing in such a way that at the moment of the switching the heat flux is identical to that prior to the switching. Under this new forcing condition, the incompatibility becomes manifest, causing changes in convection patterns, and producing drift and interdecadal oscillations. The mechanisms are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 5365-5373 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction between ground state atomic oxygen and acetylene was studied using the crossed molecular beam method with an average collision energy of 6 kcal/mol. The two major primary reaction channels are (a) formation of CH2 and CO and (b) formation of HCCO and H. Product angular distributions and time-of-flight spectra were measured and the translational energy release was determined for each channel. The reaction proceeds primarily on the triplet surface through a long-lived intermediate. For both channels the translational energy distributions were found to peak at about 30% of the total available energy, indicating the existence of an exit channel barrier in each case. The branching ratio between channel (a) and (b) was found to be 1.4±0.5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 6926-6936 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction between ground state atomic oxygen and ethylene was studied under single collision conditions using the crossed molecular beam method. At an average collision energy of about 6 kcal/mol, the two major primary reaction channels are (a) the formation of CH3 and CHO and (b) the formation of C2H3O and H. Product angular distributions and time-of-flight spectra were measured and the translational energy release was determined for each channel. The observed results and calculated potential energy surfaces suggest that after the addition of O(3P) to ethylene forming a triplet diradical, channel (a) occurs by way of intersystem crossing to the singlet state, 1,2-H migration and subsequent C–C bond rupture, whereas channel (b) proceeds mostly through the direct dissociation of the intermediate triplet diradical, except for a small contribution from H atom elimination of the singlet acetaldehyde intermediate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 3713-3727 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sodium nuclei in NaMo4O exhibit motion as evidenced by the change in asymmetry parameter describing the central transition of 23Na with variable temperature. The nonaxially symmetric electric field gradient observed in the slow motion limit implies that the preferred occupation of the sodium nucleus is not at the center of the tetragonal oxygen cage. At room temperature the sodium jumps randomly within the cage in such a manner as to experience an axially symmetric electric field gradient on average. Dynamic NMR line shape simulations invoking second order broadening of the central transition were performed based on models of four site exchange, and all-site random exchange. Both models yield results indistinguishable from experiment, with an activation energy Ea of 1.95 k cal mol−1. An anomolous upfield shoulder in the central transition is related to the existence of a structural incommensuration. A lower transition temperature Tc=140 K is evidenced by jump discontinuities in both the temperature dependence of T1 and of the quadrupolar coupling constant e2qQ. Using a plane wave approximation to describe the structural incommensuration, the appearance of, and the gradual downfield shift of the upfield shoulder can be satisfactorily fit to the data. From the temperature dependence of the quasicontinuous frequency distribution associated with the incommensurate structure, the upper transition temperature Ti is estimated to be 520 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 2081-2101 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A procedure for determining the interaction tensor orientations and the interaction parameters for mutually oriented electric field gradient (efg) or dipolar and shielding tensors has been developed based upon the magnetic field dependence of the critical frequencies from the polycrystalline nuclear magnetic response (NMR) spectrum. The central transition line shape of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in the presence of mutually oriented shift anisotropy and second order quadrupolar interaction is discussed for the first time. Analytical expressions for the field dependent critical frequencies have been determined for special orientations when the shift principal Z axis lies on the XZ, YZ, or XY plane of the efg (or dipolar) tensor for the first order as well as the second order interactions. The plots resulting from the analytical expressions provide a convenient graphical approach in determining approximate tensorial orientations and interaction parameters through pattern recognition. For general orientations, a numerical procedure has been developed to determine these parameters by iteratively minimizing the squares of the differences of the calculated and the experimental critical frequencies. Higher order perturbation terms can be incorporated in the present treatment. The method is demonstrated by variable field static proton spectra of trichloro–acetic acid at three different fields (1.3, 2.3, 5.2 T). The near-orthogonal orientation between the dipolar and shielding tensors and the interaction parameters obtained from this approach are consistent with those obtained previously from single crystal studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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