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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1992)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 8 (1992), S. 550-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201962
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microcosm investigations into the influence of sheep manure on the behaviour of the geophagous earthworms Aporrectodea trapezoides and Microscolex dubius (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 22 (1996), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Earthworms ; Burrowing behaviour ; Food location ; Aporrectodea Microscolex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A series of experiments was conducted over 96 h in 240-mm-deep soil microcosms, to assess the effect of the presence and distribution of sheep manure over the soil surface on the vertical and horizontal distribution of burrows and numbers of the earthworms Aporrectodea trapezoides and Microscolex dubius. Within some microcosms the dung was placed on half of the soil surface and this caused aggregation, with over two-thirds of the earthworms being found in the soil directly under the manure. The presence of surface-applied sheep manure caused both species to aggregate in the surface soil. In contrast, without manure, A. trapezoides was evenly distributed throughout the soil profile while M. dubius aggregated in the deeper soil. The pattern of burrow construction was also influenced by the presence of surface manure. In the absence of manure, burrows of both species were evenly distributed through the soil, but in the presence of surface manure M. dubius constructed proportionally more burrows close to the surface. Both species constructed approximately twice the burrow area in the absence than in the presence of surface manure. For both species the daily rate of burrow construction decreased over the experimental period. From these data we inferred that there was more widespread and active foraging behaviour in both species when organic food material was scarce. M. dubius differed from A. trapezoides in that it more strongly concentrated foraging activity in the vicinity of the manure food source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384435
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of food on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tolmesoxide in essential hypertensives (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 21 (1982), S. 287-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: tolmesoxide ; hypertension ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tolmesoxide is a new, direct-acting vasodilator drug for use in the management of both hypertension and cardiac failure. In 6 essential hypertensives inadequately controlled by combined β-blocker and diuretic therapy (average supine blood pressure 178/103 mm Hg) the addition of tolmesoxide (300–900 mg daily) was associated with a significant improvement in blood pressure control (average supine blood pressure 161/89 mmHg). The effect of food on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tolmesoxide have also been studied because, particularly at higher doses, the drug has been associated with upper gastrointestinal upset and it has been empirically recommended that it be taken with food. The blood pressure and heart rate responses were not significantly different when tolmesoxide was taken fasting or with food. Food resulted in a significant reduction in the peak plasma tolmesoxide concentration (2.14 µg/ml compared to 2.97 µg/ml) and a significant increase in the time to reach peak plasma concentration (1.67 h compared to 0.63 h). Although there was no impairment of its hypotensive effect, food significantly altered the pharmacokinetics of tolmesoxide and may therefore be useful in reducing the gastrointestinal disturbance associated with its use. In the treatment of inadequately controlled hypertension, tolmesoxide has a limited role as an alternative vasodilator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637615
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogeologic Evaluation Of Fracture Permeability In Crystalline Basement Aquifers Of Uganda (1992)
    Springer
    Hydrogeology journal 1 (1992), S. 55-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Les études récentes en Ouganda ont tenté de répondre aux principales questions concernant l'hydrogéologie en réalisant l'une des études les plus complètes sur la fracturation dans les forages jamais entreprises en Afrique centrale. Cette étude s'appuie sur 233 tests avec packer menés sur 22 sites. Six de ces sites, puis 16 autres ont été soumis à des tests de rabattement à débit constant, puis à l'étude de la remontée. Un puits a été testé avant et après un développement par fracturation hydraulique pour déterminer l'efficacité de la méthode. Les résultats obtenus montrent l'existence d'un aquifère très rédiut à faible transmissivité. Dans la région étudiée, la conductivité hydraulique du socle est en moyenne infériur à 10−7 m/s; la majorité des valeurs de transmissivité sont inférieures à 1 m2/j. Les tests avec packers montrent que les fractures sont présentes tout au long du puits, mais qu'elles sont en général très peu nombreuses et présentent une faible perméabilité. L'essentiel de la ressource de la plupart des puits provient d'une zone perméable unique. Dans près de la moitié des puits testés, la zone la plus perméable a été recoupée au sommet de la partie non tubée, juste sous le régolite. Il n'existe aucune relation entre la physiographie et la répartition des puits selon la position superficielle, intermédiaire ou profonde des fractures productrices. Il n'a pas été non plus observé de relation entre la conductivité hydraulique et la profondeur, dans la tranche de roche testée des 60 m supérieurs. Toutefois, aucune zone fracturée présentant une perméabilité meilleure que 10−5 m/s n'a été trouvée au-dessous de 57 m, ce qui permet de supposer que la base réelle de l'aquifère est à environ 60 m sous la surface du sol. Les tests avec packers effectués dans le forage développé par fracturation hydraulique montrent une amélioration de la transmissivité d'un facteur 3. Les tests ont aussi montré où s'était produite l'amélioration de la conductivité hydraulique.
    Notes: Abstract Throughout Africa, many communities rely on fractured crystalline basement rocks of Precambrian age as the primary source of water supply. The hydrogeology of these aquifers is often poorly understood, and boreholes are frequently sited and designed with little appreciation of the local fracture system. This is especially true in Uganda, where the role of fractures in determining well yield and relative importance of deep and shallow fracture zones have been a continous source of debate since a major national well drilling program was initiated over ten years ago. Recent studies in Uganda have attempted to resolve outstanding hydrogeological questions through the implementation of one of the most comprehensive borehole fracture studies ever undertaken in continental Africa. During the study, 233 packer tests were carried out at 22 sites. Six of the sites, together with a further 16, were subjected to constant yield recovery tests. One well was tested before and after the deployment of yield-enhancing hydraulic fracturing techniques to investigate its effectiveness. Study results reveal the presence of an extremely poor aquifer with little transmissive capability. Across the study area, the hydraulic conductivity of the bedrock average 〈10-7 m/s; the majority of transmissivity values are less than 1 m2/d. Packer tests show that fractures occur throughout the depth of well, but are usually very few in number and often exhibit a relatively low permeability. Most wells relied on a single permeable zone for most of their water. In approximately half of the boreholes tested, the most permeable zone was found to occur at the top of the uncased section, just below the regolith. No relationship was found between the distribution of boreholes with shallow, intermediate or deep, high yielding fracture zones and physiographic features. Neither was any relationship observed between hydraulic conductivity and depth within the upper 60 meters of rock tested. Notably, however, no fracture zones more permeable than 10-5 m/s were found below a depth 57m, and it is suggested that a depth of approximately 60m below ground level may represent the effective base of aquifer. Packer tests performed in a hydraulically fractured borehole confirmed increases in borehole transmissivity by a factor of about 3. The tests were also able to show where improvement in hydraulic conductivity was being achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100400050029
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of resource patches by earthworms (1994)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 18 (1994), S. 241-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Earthworms ; Food location ; Population density ; Aporrectodea ; Microscolex ; Organic manure Cocoon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A field experiment was established to assess the effects of additional organic matter on earthworm populations. Bags of soil (15 cm deep) were placed in a pasture at Balhannah, South Australia, at the beginning of autumn 1991. The bags were initially seeded with five individuals ofAporrectodea trapezoides, and 250 g dried sheep manure was added to most bags. Manure was added either in pellet or milled form, and applied either on the surface, in the 5–10 cm layer, or evenly dispersed over 15 cm. In harvests during weeks 7,9, and 11 after the start of the experiment,A. trapezoides and three other species,A. caliginosa, A. rosea, andMicroscolex dubius, were recovered from the bags. Bags with added manure had significantly higher numbers of each species than bags with no manure. During the 4-week sampling period (weeks 7–11) the numbers ofM. dubius recovered per bag decreased, whileA. rosea increased. Total earthworm numbers were not influenced by either the form or the location of application of the manure. Earthworms were sampled from three depths, 0–5, 5–10, and 10–15 cm. Both numbers and biomass of earthworms were positively correlated with the location of the manure. Cocoons ofAporrectodea spp. were more abundant when the manure was milled and evenly dispersed, and were consistently located in the lower soil layers, regardless of the form or location of manure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00647674
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zebedee : A novel copia-Ty1 family of transposable elements in the genome of the medically important mosquito Aedes aegypti (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 254 (1997), S. 505-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsAedes aegypti  ;  Transposable element  ;  copia-Ty1 class  ;  Short terminal repeats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have utilised PCR to directly identify a novel family of copia-Ty1 retrotransposable elements (RTPs) in the genome of the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Two members of the family have been sequenced in their entirety and their structural characteristics determined. ZebedeeI is 3505 bp long and appears to be flanked by 21bp direct repeat sequences. A single open reading frame (ORF) of 972 amino acids has the coding potential for a polyprotein with homology corresponding to the conserved amino acid motifs of Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) retrotransposon protease, integrase and reverse transcriptase. ZebedeeII likewise shares significant homology with these regions and also appears to be flanked by short direct terminal repeat sequences of 22 bp. Fifty copies of the 22 bp repeat sequence are present abutting the 5′ end of ZebedeeII, with two (partial)␣representatives of this repeat sequence being present at the 3′ end. The Zebedee family appears to have a low middle repetitive copy number in different strains of Ae. aegypti, and transcripts of the elements have been detected in cultured mosquito cells by RT-PCR. Despite the lack of a gag homologue or the LTR hallmarks of previously characterised copia-Ty1 RTPs, phylogenetic analyses place Zebedee within this group, showing considerable homology to copia from Drosophila melanogaster.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050445
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An attempt to anticipate biological control ofDiuraphis noxia (Hom., Aphididae) (1994)
    Springer
    BioControl 39 (1994), S. 211-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Diuraphis noxia ; Aphelinus varipes ; Australia ; anticipating biological control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Pour répondre à la menace que représente pour la céréaliculture australienne la dispersion mondiale deDiuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), il a été procédé à un essai de lutte biologique préventive par l'introduction d'un parasitoïde oligophageAphelinus varipes (Foerster) dans la biocénose aphidienne présente actuellement sur les céréales d'Australie. Des précisions sont données sur l'origine du parasitoïde utilisé, son introduction, son élevage et son lâcher en Australie, ainsi que sur les études connexes au champ et en laboratoire.A. varipes ne semble pas s'être acclimaté jusqu'à maintenant; les causes possibles sont analysées et discutées.
    Notes: Abstract Responding to the threat posed to the Australian wheat industry by the world-wide spread of the Russian wheat aphid,Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), an attempt to anticipate its biological control was made by introducing its oligophagous hymenopteran parasiteAphelinus varipes (Foerster) into the current Australian cereal aphid community. Details, of the source of the parasite material and its introduction, mass-rearing and release in Australia, together with follow-up studies in the field and laboratory are given. No evidence of establishment has been found so far and the possible reasons for this are explored and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02372359
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visualization of transcription in early mouse embryos (1979)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 73 (1979), S. 179-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Transcriptional activity during early mammalian embryogenesis was examined in 2 cell, 4–8 cell and late morula/early blastocyst mouse embryos. Zona pellucida-free embryos were obtained after pronase digestion followed by a PMSF wash to inhibit proteolytic activity. The embryos were then lysed with NP40 detergent and spread for electron microscopy according to Miller and Bakken (1972). pre-mRNA transcription was observed at all stages. Comparison of growing RNP chain lengths revealed statistically significant differences in the distribution of shorter fibrils between the successive developmental stages examined. The number of shorter fibrils was lower in the 4–8 cell stage than in either of the two other stages. Transcription complexes of ribosomal type were detected only in 4–8 cell and morula/blastocyst embryos. Structures resembling replication loops were observed within chromatin from all stages. Similar loop-like structures as well as individually transcribed RNP fibrils were also occasionally found on fibres emerging from mitotic chromosomes. The results are discussed in the context of recent findings concerning genetic expression in early mouse embryos.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331570
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3: Mode of action in intestine and parathyroid glands, assay in humans and isolation of its glycoside fromSolanum malacoxylon (1976)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 22 (1976), S. 1-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02064033
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ground vegetation biocontent and net production in a deciduous woodland (1971)
    Springer
    Oecologia 7 (1971), S. 127-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Biocontent of the above-ground parts of ground vegetation in an alder-birch woodland was between 75 and 581.3 Kcal/m2 (16.05 and 137.70 g/m2). Species peaks did not necessarily coincide with the highest values for total ground vegetation. Ground vegetation litter biocontent was 1848.4 Kcal/m2 at the beginning of the study (April 1966) but rapidly fell to near 700 Kcal/m2 and remained near this level until April 1968. Net production by the above ground parts of the ground vegetation was 1016 Kcal/m2/yr (277.86 g/m2/yr) and 1142 Kcal/m2/year (280.20 g/m2/yr) in 1966–1967 and 1967–1968 respectively, measured as mortality plus net biocontent changes. These estimates were compared with those based on biocontent changes. Ground vegetation net primary production was not much smaller than tree litter fall (circa 1450 Kcal/m2/yr).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346355
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