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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 34 (1975), S. 137-147 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Equilibrium grain potentials have been calculated as a function of radial position and for a wide range of electron densities in HII regions ionized by stars of spectral type O5 and B0. Results are presented for both graphite (low yield photoemitter) and aluminium oxide (high yield photoemitter) for which laboratory photoemission data has been obtained. The results for aluminium oxide should approximate the behaviour expected of dielectric grains — e.g., silicates which may be present in HII regions. The importance of charging is discussed in relation to the growth and motion of grains in these regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 224 (1969), S. 172-178 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A plasma resonance in the photoelectric yield has been observed on thin aluminum films evaporated in ultrahigh vacuum when irradiated with parallel-polarized light at the bulk plasma energy of Al, 14.8 eV (λp=835 Å). A relative yield has been measured for wavelengths between 500 and 1100 Å with polarized synchrotron light at various angles of incidence for both directions of polarization. The results agree reasonably well with theoretical predictions based on a simple model for excitation and escape of photoelectrons into the vacuum.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 211 (1968), S. 329-341 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of the transmittance and reflectance of Al films as a function of wavelength, polarization, angle of incidence, and film thickness have been carried out using synchrotron radiation together with a normal-incidence monochromator for the vacuum ultraviolet spectral region. A pronounced difference in the measurements for “s” and “p” polarized light was found near the Al plasma wavelength (λ p=835 Å). We measured a dip in thin film transmittance for “p” light atλ p which is due to the excitation of plasmons. The “p” reflectance exhibits a Brewster minimum belowλ p. For “s” light there is no structure for very thin films. With films thicker than about 500Å interference effects appear, especially in reflection, for both “p” and “s” light at wavelengths less thanλ p where Al becomes transparent. The transmittance and reflectance of Al films of various thicknesses, both with and without substrate materials and oxide layers, have been computed assuming optical constants based upon previous experiments. The calculations explain the structure exhibited in the experimental curves. Our measurements show that the vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation is highly polarized even after passing through our monochromator.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 211 (1968), S. 342-351 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of the photocurrent from thin Al cathodes in a windowless electron multiplier as a function of wavelength, polarization, angle of incidence, and film thickness have been carried out in the extreme vacuum ultraviolet. A normal incidence monochromator utilizing synchrotron radiation provided highly polarized light. A marked difference is found between the photocurrent measured during irradiation of thin films with “s” and “p” polarized light at wavelengths near the Al plasma wavelength (835 Å). For films thicker than about 500 Å pronounced interference effects are found in both “p” and “s” light at wavelengths less than the plasma wavelength. The observations can be explained by assuming the photocurrent is related to the photon density (electromagnetic energy density) in the photocathode. Calculations of the energy density in films irradiated with light give the structure found in the measured photocurrent. The measurements indicate our monochromator yields light with a degree of polarization consistent with the calculated polarization of the synchrotron radiation incident upon our grating (about 85%).
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 68.55.Bd ; 68.55.Jk ; 78.65.Fa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We propose a new method to considerably reduce the overall growth interruption for high-quality GaAs single quantum wells during molecular beam epitaxy. The insertion of ultrathin AlAs smoothing layers at the constituent GaAs/Al x Ga1−x As heterointerfaces and growth interruptions of not more than 15 s yields an improvement of the luminescence linewidth (FWHM) to 0.56 meV for a 13 nm wide GaAs well and to a value as low as 0.195 meV for a 27 nm wide GaAs well. In addition, no Stokes shift between absorption and emission and no line splitting due to monolayer fluctuations in the well width is observed.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 17 (1983), S. 115-119 
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bewegungen von Gasblasen in einem vertikalen Temperaturgradienten werden experimentell untersucht. Die neben der Erdschwere als Bewegungsursache auftretende Grenzflächenkonvektion (Marangonikonvektion) an der Grenzfläche Blase/Medium wird im Lichte der Theorie von Young et al. diskutiert. Die Größe der Marangonizahl im Blaseninnern (N i Ma) bzw. im äußeren Medium (N e Ma) wird als Kriterium für die Anwendbarkeit der Theorie eingeführt. Die Experimente demonstrieren die Anwendbarkeit der Young-Theorie bis zur MarangonizahlN i Ma=10−2 bzw.N e Ma=2.
    Notes: Abstract This is an experimental study on gas bubble motion in a vertical temperature gradient. Surface tension convection (Marangoni convection) superimposing gravity is discussed with respect to the theory of Young et al. as another cause for bubble motion. The Marangoni numbers for the convection inside the bubble (N i Ma) and outside the bubble in the medium (N e Ma) are introduced as criterion for the applicability of the theory. It is shown by the experiments that the Young theory holds up to Marangoni numbersN i Ma=10−2 and Ne Ma=2, respectively.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 20 (1999), S. 1005-1015 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: Co–Pd alloy ; electromagnetic levitation ; liquid metals ; microgravity ; Pd–Cu–Si alloy ; surface tension ; viscosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The viscosity and surface tension of liquid metals can be measured by observing the oscillations of a levitated drop. The frequency is related to the surface tension, while the viscosity determines the damping of the oscillations. If no external forces are present, as in microgravity, these relations are particularly simple and precise. During the recent Spacelab mission MSL-1, such experiments have been performed on Co–Pd and Pd–Cu–Si using the electromagnetic levitation facility TEMPUS. It was possible to obtain data over a wide temperature range, including the undercooled regime. While the temperature dependence of the surface tension remains linear over the complete range, the temperature dependence of the viscosity is much more pronounced and is discussed in terms of different models.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1991-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0947-8396
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0630
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1975-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0004-640X
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-946X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1968-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0939-7922
    Electronic ISSN: 1431-5831
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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