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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The use of Fourier transform coherent optical techniques in the pattern recognition of microscopic algae, i.e., diatoms, is described. The results of the construction of complex-valued filters for diatoms and their usefulness in algal identification are presented. Some general applications to water pollution monitoring and control are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental management 9 (1985), S. 455-458 
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Pulmonate snails ; Copper sulfate ; Snail control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Two species of pulmonate snails,Lymnaea cat-ascopium andPhysa integra, were collected from Douglas and Houghton Lakes. Snail populations from the former lake (pristine) had never been exposed to copper sulfate, whereas those from the latter one (treated) had been subjected to the molluscicide for more than 40 years. Molluscs from the treated lake were more resistant to the copper at concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 ppm than those from the pristine lake. Furthermore, larger lymnaeids had a higher survival rate than smaller ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental management 14 (1990), S. 517-526 
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Restoration ecology ; Ecosystem recovery pathways ; Ecopredictions ; Disturbed ecosystems ; Environmental biology ; Ecosystem management
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract An inadequate basis for precisely predicting the outcome of lotic ecosystem recovery, whether due to unaided natural processes or management techniques or both, exists because: (1) the field of ecology has not yet matured as a rigorous predictive science; (2) the precise sequence of events, including climatic occurrences, affecting the recovery process may be unique events and thus rarely or never repeated; and (3) even when attempts are made to control the recolonization process through introduction of species, etc., the interaction of these species may not follow deterministic models. Although this symposium focuses on lotic ecosystems, such systems are influenced strongly by exports from the surrounding land mass and, under certain circumstances, this may be the overriding influence on the recovery process; therefore, unless the boundary conditions are determined realistically, the recovery process may not follow desirable pathways. Despite the lack of a robust theoretical support base for lotic ecosystem recovery, some remarkable and rapid recoveries have occurred to either a close approximation of the original condition or to a condition ecologically superior to the damaged condition. In some cases, the recovery was due entirely to natural processes and, in others, often followed relatively straightforward management practices. There is evidence indicating that lotic ecosystem restoration is both cost effective and likely to produce satisfying results relatively rapidly. It is both fortunate that this is the case, since society is likely to support such efforts when the results have been extraordinarily successful, and unfortunate since restoration ecology needs a predictive capability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Population and environment 20 (1998), S. 109-123 
    ISSN: 1573-7810
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
    Notes: Abstract At its best, the quest for sustainable use of the planet aspires to a harmonious relationship between human society and natural systems. At its worst, sustainable use is an assertion that human ingenuity and technology can free humankind from biophysical constraints and its dependence upon ecological life support systems. Although science guided by reason is essential to reaching informed decisions on sustainability, it must be accompanied by a new ethos, or set of guiding beliefs. Science can never reduce uncertainty on the complex multivariate systems called ecosystems to the degree that explicit legislation would be possible to protect the components on a species by species, habitat by habitat, ecosystem by ecosystem, and landscape by landscape basis without going to ridiculous extremes. This circumstance does not, however, invalidate attempting to define conditions appropriate to achieving sustainability. Some consensus must be reached on the broad, general conditions governing human society's relationship to the environment. A shared ethos would promote sustainable use and reduce the possibility of harsh penalties exacted upon species that do not respond adequately to alteration in their environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Speculations in science and technology 21 (1998), S. 205-211 
    ISSN: 1573-9309
    Keywords: ecological restoration ; ecosystem services ; ecotoxicology ; false positives and negatives ; life support systems ; sustainability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Although much is known about the effects of toxicants on single species, not much is known about the effects upon ecosystems that are more than assemblages of individual species. This situation must be addressed because past exponential growth of human populations and continuing exponential growth of national economies will put Earth's natural resources under stresses unprecedented in human history. The mission of ecotoxicologists is to see that no imbalance in the technological and ecological life support system happens, thus facilitating sustainable use of the planet. Ecosystem services will be more dependable if ecosystems are healthy. Both functional and structural attributes are as important for determining the ecosystem's health as they are for human health. Ecotoxicological assessments will be characterized by increases in both temporal and spatial scales. However, laboratory toxicological tests will remain extremely important and essential. Ecotoxicologists must become even more adept at interacting with policymakers who are responsible for societal decisions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Speculations in science and technology 21 (1998), S. 45-51 
    ISSN: 1573-9309
    Keywords: sustainable development ; carrying capacity ; resource allocation ; targeted compassion ; charismatic megafauna
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: Abstract We are in the midst of a national, arguably global, debate about hunting and other means of controlling populations of deer and other animals that have greatly exceeded the carrying capacity of local and regional habitat. At one extreme are those who feel that, since humans have eliminated the large, natural predators, we are obligated to keep game species in balance with their environment. At the other extreme are those who value the lives of individual wild creatures and seek to prevent their destruction. Keeping in balance with nature is the essence of sustainability. This would permit the largest number of humans to occupy the planet over a long period of time. Properly managed sustainability should concomitantly make the planet more habitable for other species. The position taken in this discussion is that targeted compassion is inappropriate for sustainable use of the planet because it will not leave a habitable world for future generations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental management 4 (1980), S. 49-56 
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Bioassay ; Diversity values ; Temperature ; Toxicity level ; Water chemistry ; Water quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Since 1972, 10 benthic surveys and 9 static fish bioassays have been conducted to assess the impact of AVTEX Fibers, Inc. effluent on the lower South Fork of the Shenandoah River. AVTEX (formerly FMC Corp.) is a rayon and polyester fibers plant located in Front Royal, Virginia. Benthic samples were taken at four stations, one above and three below the plant discharges. Single surveys in 1972 and 1973 indicated a severe impact on the benthic community along the right side of the river, below the plant, as a result of the channelized effluent. Diversity values (¯d) were low (0–2.42) and numbers of taxa and organisms were reduced. A fish bioassay in 1973 indicated the effluent to be acutely toxic at the 34.5% level (mixture of effluent and river water). In early 1974, FMC Corp. constructed an activated sludge treatment system to reduce BOD and supplement the neutralization and chemical precipitation (zinc hydroxide and liquid-solid separation) facilities that had been used to treat waste waters since 1948. After the new equipment was placed in operation, the previously stressed area became more stable. In 1975 and 1976 the stressed area exhibited greater ¯d values (1.19–3.39) and an increased number of taxa and organisms. Bioassays showed the effluent to be acutely toxic to fish only once since 1973. The major improvements in the effluent were a 70% reduction in BOD5 and a 60% reduction in the amount of zinc entering the river. Community conditions in 1977 indicated a partial remission of improvement, probably due to drought conditions. The rehabilitation of damaged ecosystems is a process important to all biologists. An important factor in encouraging industry to participate in this activity is evidence that improved waste treatment will often have demonstrable biological benefits rather soon. As data accumulate on the recovery process it may be possible to predict the degree of rehabilitation and time required more precisely.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cultural economics 15 (1991), S. 71-84 
    ISSN: 1573-6997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Art History , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Population and environment 18 (1997), S. 463-471 
    ISSN: 1573-7810
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Population and environment 20 (1999), S. 381-386 
    ISSN: 1573-7810
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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