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  • 1
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    Permeability Effects of Turbulent Flow Through a Porous Insert in a Backward-Facing-Step Channel (2005)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0169-3913
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-1634
    Topics: Geosciences , Technology
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
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    A comparative study of the Indian summer monsoon hydroclimate and its variations in three reanalyses (2012)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-08
    Print ISSN: 0930-7575
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0894
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Net shape ceramic microcomponents by modified sol–gel casting (2000)
    Springer
    Microsystem technologies 6 (2000), S. 200-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1858
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Development of ceramic microcomponents can open up the current silicon-based MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) technology to new applications, especially for use in high temperature, chemically reactive environments. We report a study of sol–gel technologies applied to the fabrication of microcomponents. Organic/inorganic hybrid materials, particularly silica-based hybrids, were developed by sol–gel processing. A weak silica network was made possible by using acid catalyst, low functionality organic precursor in the sol preparation. Since the weak network has a high tendency to collapse, the result is a denser material. Incorporation of organic ligands modifies the surface chemistry of gel network so that a greater drying stress was developed and a denser hybrid structure was achieved without high temperature treatment. In addition, the incorporation of organic ligands prevented formation of cracks. Nanoscale oxide particles were dispersed and incorporated into the gel network by surface condensation. The incorporation of titania nanoparticles into sols greatly reduced the volume shrinkage of gels and enhanced the mechanical strength of the components. In this work, silica sol was also applied to coat metallic microcomponents and a thin uniform coating was formed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005420000051
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional reconstitution of ion channels from Paramecium cortex into artificial liposomes (1995)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 144 (1995), S. 199-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Channel reconstitution ; Ca2+-release channel ; Paramecium ; Liposome ; Internal membrane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Toward isolating channel proteins from Paramecium, we have explored the possibility of functionally reconstituting ion channels in an artificial system. Proteins from Paramecium cortex reconstituted with soybean azolectin retained several channels whose activities were readily registered under patch clamp. The most commonly encountered activities were three: (i) a 71-pS cation channel that opens at all voltages unless dior trivalent cations were added to close them, (ii) a 40 pS monovalent cation channel, and (iii) a large-conductance channel that prefers anions and exhibits many subconductance states. These channels survived mild detergent treatments without observable functional alterations. The possible origin of these channels from internal membranes, the possible role of 71-pS channel in internal Ca2+ release, and the prospects of their purification are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236833
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improved formulation of the oxygen-diffusion problem and its application to Zircaloy oxidation by steam (1997)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 47 (1997), S. 427-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: modeling ; numerical techniques ; finite-difference methods ; diffusion ; moving boundary problem ; steam oxidation ; Zircaloy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Numerical solutions of the oxygen-diffusion problem arising in the oxidation of metals at high temperatures are complicated by the change in density as the oxide is formed and the occurrence of moving boundaries separating the different phases. The former complication is resolved by a transformation of the dependent variable and the coordinate, which reduces the problem to a form identical to one without density change. The latter complication is dealt with by demonstrating an analogy with the Stefan problem in heat transfer with phase change in the enthalpy formulation, for which abundant numerical works exist. A finite-difference code is written to solve the resulting equations. It is successfully applied to simulate an oxidation experiment of Zircaloy by steam at 1600°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02134785
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A chip set for pipeline and parallel pipeline FFT architectures (1994)
    Springer
    The journal of VLSI signal processing systems for signal, image, and video technology 8 (1994), S. 253-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-109X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A chip set for pipelined and parallel pipelined FFT applications is presented. The set consists of two cascadeable chips with built-in self-test and a chip-interconnectivity test feature. The two ASICs are a 15k gate Complex-Butterfly and a 9k gate FFT Switch. The Complex-Butterfly uses redundant binary arithmetic (RBA), a modified Booth algorithm and a Wallace tree architecture to achieve a throughput of better than 25 Msamples/sec. The cascadeable FFT Switch is designed to support the implementation of radix-2, 2 N point, pipeline FFTs. Both devices have been fabricated in 1.5μm CMOS gate array technology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02106450
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extracellular expression of human epidermal growth factor encoded by an Escherichia coli K-12 plasmid stabilized by the ytl2-incR system of Salmonella typhimurium (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 21 (1998), S. 31-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: hEGF; plasmid pSLT; ytl2-incR stabilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A plasmid stabilization system, active in high copy-number plasmids, was cloned from the large resident plasmid, pSLT, of Salmonella typhimurium. The ytl2 gene, together with a 249-bp region (termed incR) downstream of the gene, imparted 〉104-fold stability to a pBR322-based plasmid. The ytl2-incR region was then used to stabilize a recombinant plasmid carrying the human epidermal growth factor gene (with the Escherichia coli K-12 ompA signal sequence), behind the lacUV5 promoter. In shake flask tests to optimize expression of human epidermal growth factor, loss of recombinant plasmid was 〈1% when growth (both before and after induction with isopropyl-β-d-galactopyranoside) took place even in the absence of antibiotic selection, and the specific activity of secreted human epidermal growth factor was ca 20 μg per 108 cells at harvest, compared to a figure of ca 3 μg per 108 cells when a comparable plasmid, but devoid of the ytl2-incR region, was employed, as outgrowth of plasmid-free cells after induction severely compromised the specific activity of the secreted product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900557
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser fluorimetry studies of ionpair aggregation in ionomers derived from copolymers and polymer containing 2-vinylfluorene (1987)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 17 (1987), S. 375-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Time resolved fluorescence technique was used to demonstrate physically the ionpair aggregation phenomena in the ionomers containing fluorenylsodium as the pendant group along the polymer chains in THF at 25°C. It was found that ionpairs in the ionomer with mole fraction of fluorenylsodium equal to 0.02 did not associate to form stable aggregate. However, the ionpairs would aggregate in those ionomers with higher fluorenylsodium contents. In the homopolymer of vinylfluorenylsodium, extensive aggregation of the ionpairs was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00955723
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improved stochastic separated flow model for turbulent two-phase flow (2000)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 24 (2000), S. 491-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  An improved stochastic separated flow model is proposed to obtain reasonable statistical characteristics of a two-phase flow. Effects of the history of a particle and its current trajectory position on the mean-square fluctuating velocity of the dispersed phase are continuously considered in this model. Comparing with the conventional model, results using the improved model are more reasonable and can also be obtained more easily. Furthermore, the improved model requires less computational particles for simulating dispersed-phase turbulence at the beginning of the stochastic trajectory. In this paper, an application in turbulent two-phase flow of planar mixing layer is carried out. Numerical results including velocity, mean-square fluctuating velocity, particle number density and pdf of fluctuation velocity of dispersed phase are shown to compare well with experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004660050008
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further evidence for genetic heterogeneity in the fragile X syndrome (1987)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 75 (1987), S. 311-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The X-linked fragile X[fra(X)] syndrome, associated with a fragile site at Xq27.3, is the most common Mendeban inherited form of mental deficiency. Approximately 1 in 1060 males and 1 in 677 females carry the fra (X) chromosome. However, diagnosis of carrier status can be difficult since about 20% of males and 44% of females are nonpenetrant for mental impairment and/or expression of fra (X). We analyzed DNA from 327 individuals in 23 families segregating fra (X) for linkage to three flanking polymorphic probes: 52A, F9, and ST14. This allowed probable nonpenetrant, transmitting males and carrier females to be identified. A combined linkage analysis was conducted using these families and published probe information on F9 in 27 other families, 52A in six families, and ST14 in five families. The two-point recombination fraction for 52A-F9 was 0.13 (90% confidence interval, 0.10–0.16), for F9-fra(X) was 0.21 (0.17–0.24), and for fra(X)-ST14 was 0.12 (0.07–0.17). Tight linkage between F9 and fra(X) was observed in some families; in others loose linkage was seen suggesting genetic linkage heterogeneity. Risk analysis of carrier status using flanking DNA probes showed that probable nonpenetrant transmitting males were included in families showing both tight and loose linkage. Thus, in contrast to our previous conclusions, it appears that the presence or absence of nonpenetrant, transmitting males in a family is not an indicator of heterogeneity. To determine if heterogeneity was present, we employed the admixture test. Evidence for linkage heterogeneity between F9 and fra(X) was found, significant at P〈0.0005. Nonsignificant heterogeneity was seen for 52A-F9 linkage. No heterogeneity was found for fra(X)-ST14. The frequency of fra(X) expression was significantly lower in families with tight F9-fra(X) linkage than in families with loose linkage. Cognition appeared to relate to linkage type: affected males in tight linkage families had higher IQs than those in loose linkage families. These findings of genetic heterogeneity can account in part for the high prevalence and apparent high new mutation rate of fra(X). They will affect genetic counseling using RFLPs. An understanding of the basis for genetic heterogeneity in fra(X) will help to clarify the nature of the unusual pattern of inheritance seen in this syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00284100
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