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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection and characterization of single molecules in aqueous solution (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 517-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using a confocal microscope with a single-photon avalanche photodiode as detector, we studied photon bursts of single Rhodamine 6G (R6G) and Rhodamin B-zwitterion (RB) molecules in aqueous solution by excitation of the lowest excited singlet stateS 1 with a frequency-doubled titanium: sapphire laser. Multichannel scaler traces, the fluorescence autocorrelation function and fluorescence decay times determined by time-correlated single-photon counting have been measured simultaneously. The time-resolved fluorescence signals were analyzed with a maximum likelihood estimator. Fluorescence lifetime patterns in steps of 100 ps were generated by convolution with the excitation pulse. The lifetime of theS 1 state was derived from the Kullback-Leibler minimum discrimination information. We are able to demonstrate for the first time identification of two different single dye molecules via their characteristic fluorescence lifetimes of 1.79 ± 0.33 ns (RB) and 3.79 ± 0.38 ns (R6G) in aqueous solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01828950
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the effect of Umklapp processes in one-dimensional conductors (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 53 (1983), S. 419-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using a modified renormalization group (RG) approach, we study the effect of Umklapp processes for arbitrary band filling. In order to confirm the behavior of invariant coupling obtained previously by means of certain approximations, we present the results of a numerical solution of the RG equations. Considering the response functions of a one-dimensional conductor, we show that Umklapp processes are irrelevant for T〈|δμ|, where δμ is the deviation of the Fermi energy from the commensurability level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00682487
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular resolution of an organic monolayer by dynamic AFM (1998)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 4 (1998), S. 267-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 61.16.Ch Scanning probe microscopy: scanning tunneling, atomic force, scanning optical, magnetic force, etc. - 68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: We report molecularly resolved dynamic AFM-measurements of a monolayer of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic-3,4,9,10-dianhydride (PTCDA) epitaxially grown on Ag(110). Preparation and experiments were performed under UHV conditions. The frequency-modulation AFM technique was applied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510050378
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes with hypertension and maturation in the response of stomach fundus to acetylcholine (1984)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 40 (1984), S. 691-692 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of these experiments was to compare the contractile response to ACh of stomach fundal strips from hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive (WKY) rats during the development of hypertension. The results indicate that the reactivity to ACh is the same in fundal strips from young SHR and WKY rats; however, with maturation strips from WKY rats undergo a reduction in responsiveness which does not occur in the SHR. Therefore, strips from older SHR rats are more reactive to ACh than are those from age matched WKY rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01949725
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-electron tunneling in Au55 cluster monolayers (1998)
    Springer
    Applied physics 66 (1998), S. S187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 87.64.Dz; 61.46.+w; 73.23.Hk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051127
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection and characterization of single molecules in aqueous solution (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 517-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  Using a confocal microscope with a single-photon avalanche photodiode as detector, we studied photon bursts of single Rhodamine 6G (R6G) and Rhodamin B-zwitterion (RB) molecules in aqueous solution by excitation of the lowest excited singlet state S 1 with a frequency-doubled titanium:sapphire laser. Multichannel scaler traces, the fluorescence autocorrelation function and fluorescence decay times determined by time-correlated single-photon counting have been measured simultaneously. The time-resolved fluorescence signals were analyzed with a maximum likelihood estimator. Fluorescence lifetime patterns in steps of 100 ps were generated by convolution with the excitation pulse. The lifetime of the S 1 state was derived from the Kullback-Leibler minimum discrimination information. We are able to demonstrate for the first time identification of two different single dye molecules via their characteristic fluorescence lifetimes of 1.79±0.33 ns (RB) and 3.79±0.38 ns (R6G) in aqueous solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01828950
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) rev by (time-resolved) fluorescence spectroscopy (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of fluorescence 4 (1994), S. 299-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4994
    Keywords: Protein fluorescence ; distributional analysis ; AIDS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Fluorescence spectroscopy has been applied to the single tryptophan-containing regulatory protein Rev of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). The fluorescence emission was found to have a maximum at 336 nm which refers to a surrounding of the chromophore of intermediate polarity. Fluorescence transients recorded at the maximum of fluorescence were found to decay nonexponentially. A bimodal lifetime distribution is obtained from exponential series analysis (ESM) with centers at 1.7 and 4.5 ns. Two microenvironments for tryptophan are suggested to be responsible for the two lifetime distributions. No innerfilter effect occurred in a Rev solution up to a concentration of 40 μM. A data quality study of ESM analysis as function of collected counts in the peak channel maximum (CIM) showed that, for reliable reconvolution, at least 15,000 CIM are necessary. The widths of the two distributions are shown to be temperature dependent. The broadening of the lifetime distributions when the temperature is raised to 50°C is interpreted as extension of the number of conformational substates which do not interconvert on the fluorescence time scale. The thermal deactivation (temperature quenching) is reflected in a constant decrease in the center of the short-lived lifetime distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01881444
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aluminium deposition on SF6 plasma-treated polycarbonate: an AFM, XPS and mass spectroscopy study (1998)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 26 (1998), S. 306-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: polycarbonate ; SF6 ; plasma ; XPS, SFM ; AFM ; mass spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A systematic investigation was made of the chemical and morphological influences of SF6 plasma on polycarbonate and the influence of plasma treatment on Al metallization. Mass and ion spectroscopy were used for characterization of the plasma and the etching process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were applied for the chemical characterization, while atomic force microscopy (AFM) (static and dynamic mode) served to inspect the surface morphology. All analytical techniques were performed in an ultrahigh vacuum system, in order to prevent the polycarbonate sample from being exposed to ambient air after the plasma treatment. During the etching process we used mass difference spectra to demonstrate the removal of masses 19, 28 and 32 corresponding to HF, CO (N2) and CF. Additionally, the inclusion of fluorine was also observed by this technique.The XPS spectra of polycarbonate surfaces show a significant inclusion of fluorine (C-F, C-F2) and a reduction of the oxygen content after the plasma treatment. Aluminium metallization leads to the formation of an Al-F interlayer; metallic growth of Al is only observed when the metallic layers become thicker than a few nanometres.The AFM investigations have shown that even a short plasma treatment causes changes in morphology (structures with an extension of 20-40 nm). After extended plasma exposure the surface becomes very rough, resulting in poor Al adhesion. On untreated polycarbonate, Al grows in the form of weakly bound clusters, which can only be imaged in the dynamic AFM mode. After plasma treatment, Al grows in the form of well-adhering flat layers without clustering. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Höhere Terpenverbindungen. XXXVIII. Zur Kenntnis der Amyrine und des Lupeols (1929)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 471 (1929), S. 21-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.19294710103
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Odeur et constitution XVI. Sur la constitution de l'ambrinol. (Δ4-, Δ9- et Δ5, 10-triméthyl-1,1,6-hydroxy-6-octalène) (1956)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 39 (1956), S. 183-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It has been shown that ambrinol is composed of at least two and probably three double-bond-isomers. In this mixture we have been able to identify the presence of α- and of γ-ambrinol, having the constitutions of 1, 1,6-trimethyl-6-hydroxy-1, 2,3,5,6,7,8,9- and -1,2,3,4, 7,8,9,10-octahydronaphthalene (III and V) respectively.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19560390122
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