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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Fruit and seed set ; Narcissus assoanus ; Pollen limitation ; Reproductive ecology ; Seed:ovule ratios
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A recent literature review indicates that pollen limitation of female fertility is a common feature of flowering plants. Despite the ecological and evolutionary significance of pollen limitation, most studies have only examined fertility in a single population at one time. Here we investigate pollen limitation of fruit and seed set in five populations of Narcissus assoanus, a self- sterile, insect-pollinated geophyte, over 2–3 years in southern France. In common with many early spring flowering plants, pollinator visitation to N. assoanus is often infrequent. Supplemental hand-pollination of flowers with outcross pollen significantly increased overall fruit and seed set by 11% and 19%, respectively. Four of the five populations experienced some pollen limitation during the study. For a given year, there was significant variation in pollen limitation among populations. Two of the populations were pollen limited in one year but not in other years in which they were studied. Seed:ovule ratios for open- and hand-pollinated flowers averaged 0.29 and 0.33, respectively. While hand pollination significantly increased the seed:ovule ratio, the low value obtained indicates that the majority of ovules in flowers do not mature seeds despite hand pollination. The role of genetic and environmental factors governing low seed:ovule ratios in N. assoanus is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 12 (2000), S. 203-208 
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Tristyly ; Trimorphic incompatibility ; Pollen trimorphism ; Partial incompatibility ; Clonal aquatic plant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Eichhornia azurea (Pontederiaceae) is a mat-forming, clonal aquatic that inhabits lakes, marshes and river systems in many parts of the Neotropics. The species is tristylous with long-, mid-, and short-styled morphs commonly represented in natural populations. To investigate whether E. azurea possesses a trimorphic incompatibility system typical of tristylous species, we conducted a controlled pollination experiment on 15 clones representing the three style morphs from a natural population near Rosario, Argentina. Comparisons of fruit and seed set following self-, illegitimate, and legitimate pollinations clearly demonstrated the presence of trimorphic incompatibility in E. azurea. Self- and illegitimate pollinations produced significantly less fruit and seed than legitimate pollinations in all three style morphs. Pollen from the two anther levels within a flower exhibited contrasting compatibility relations in self-pollinations. In common with several other tristylous species in Pontederiaceae, the expression of self-incompatibility was weakest in the mid-styled morph and strongest in the short-styled morph. We discuss the ecological and evolutionary significance of the partial expression of trimorphic incompatibility in E. azurea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 223 (2000), S. 211-219 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Heterostyly ; distyly ; zygomorphic flowers ; self-compatibility ; protandry ; geitonogamy ; Lamiaceae ; rare plant species
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Heterostyly rarely occurs in families with strongly zygomorphic flowers. For this reason Darwin (1877) doubted whether heterostyly would occur in the Lamiaceae and recent reviews have not reported the floral polymorphism in this family. Here we describe distyly in a rare species ofSalvia restricted to bluffs and seaward canyons on Santa Rosa Island (Santa Barbara Co., California) and northwestern Baja California (Mexico).Salvia brandegeei is morphologically distylous with populations composed of equal frequencies of long-and short-styled morphs differing reciprocally in stigma and anther position. Controlled hand pollinations demonstrated no significant differences in the seed set of self, intramorph or intermorph pollinations. Unlike most heterostylous species investigated,S. brandegeei does not possess diallelic incompatibility or ancillary polymorphisms of pollen and stigmas. We propose that the evolution of distyly inS. brandegeei may have been associated with an ecological shift to a new environment in which protandry failed to prevent increased levels of geitonogamy. Heterostyly was then selected because it increased the proficiency of cross-pollination. The origin of distyly in self-compatibleS. brandegeei is consistent with Lloyd and Webb's theoretical model for the evolution of distyly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 43 (1998), S. 89-98 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: gelatin ; films ; tissue ; bonding ; argon beam ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Cross-linked gelatin films were bonded to heart muscle and to lung pleura and parenchyma using the electrical discharge of an argon beam radiofrequency coagulator. The bonds were stable in warm saline buffer for minutes to hours. Bonding was thought to partly occur through a mechanical interlock of film and tissue elements. The interdigitation of tissue and film arose during exposure to the argon beam, which denatured protein constituents of both, and created a fluidized state that rapidly coalesced. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 43: 89-98, 1998
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2000-09-15
    Print ISSN: 0029-8549
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1939
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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