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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrolytic reduction of vanillin to vanillyl alcohol at amalgamated copper, lead and zinc electrodes (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 11 (1981), S. 173-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The electrolytic reduction of vanillin to vanillyl alcohol was investigated as a function of temperature, pH and current density at a stationary amalgamated copper cathode. The results were compared with those for amalgamated lead and zinc electrodes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00610977
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxicity of some insecticides for crowded and isolated nymphs ofGryllodes sigillatus Wlk. (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) (1980)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 36 (1980), S. 231-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 6 insecticides; chlordane, malathion, fenitrothion, pyrethrum, rotenone and sevin, were screened againstGryllodes sigillatus Wlk. reared under crowded and isolated conditions. Chlordane was found to be most toxic, followed by malation, fenitrothion, pyrethrum, rotenone and sevin. Insects reared under crowded conditions were more susceptible to insecticides than insects reared under isolated conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01953750
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid computation of magnetic anomalies and demagnetization effects caused by bodies of arbitrary shape (1966)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 64 (1966), S. 89-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Unter Anwendung der Formeln für das Feld eines Quaders wird eine Methode entwickelt um die durch einen Körper beliebiger Form erzeugten magnetischen Anomalien mit Hilfe eines Rechenautomaten zu berechnen. Umgekehrt kann die Methode verwendet werden, um aus den beobachteten Anomalien den Magnetisierungsvektor zu bestimmen. An einem Beispiel wird die Anwendbarkeit, die Genauigkeit und die Schnelligkeit der Methode erläutert. Die Methode kann auch für die Berechnung von magnetischen Terraineffekten verwendet werden. Zudem wird eine neue Methode dargelegt, welche eine rasche Berechnung des Entmagnetisierungseffektes eines Körpers beliebiger Gestalt und inhomogener Magnetisierung ermöglicht. Anwendbarkeit und Genauigkeit der Methode werden besprochen. Die Methode wurde verwendet, um den Einfluss der Suszeptibilität auf die Inhomogenität der induzierten Magnetisierung in einem Würfel zu untersuchen. Für Körper beliebiger Form mit kleiner Suszeptibilität wls neuer Begriff der mittlere Entmagnetisierungsfaktor eingeführt. Mittlere Entmagnetisierungsfaktoren für eine zylindrische Probe werden tabelliert.
    Notes: Summary With the aid of formulae derived for the field caused by a finite rectangular prism, a machine method is developed for rapid computation of magnetic anomalies due to a body of any shape. Conversely, the method could be utilised for determination of the magnetization vector from the observed anomalies. An example is given to demonstrate the applicability, accuracy and speed of the method. The method is shown to be suitable also for the evaluation of magnetic terrain effects. In addition, a new method is presented which enables high speed calculation of demagnetization effect caused by a body of arbitrary shape where the magnetization in general may be inhomogeneous. Applicability and accuracy of the method are discussed. The method is applied to study the effect of susceptibility on inhomogeneity of the induced magnetization in a cube specimen. For a body of any shape with low susceptibility, a new concept of average demagnetization factor is introduced. Average demagnetization factors so calculated for a cylindrical specimen are tabulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00875535
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of A. C. demagnetization to investigate the stability of rock magnetization caused by lightning currents (1966)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 64 (1966), S. 110-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Apparatur beschrieben die es ermöglicht, Gesteinsproben mit Hilfe von Wechselfeldern schrittweise zu Entmagnetisieren. Dabei werden die unstabilen Komponenten der Magnetisierung entfernt, während ein Teil der stabilen Magnetisierung erhalten bleibt. Die Apparatur wurde verwendet, um die Stabilität der in den Gesteinsproben durch künstliche Beblitzung erzeugten Magnetisierung zu untersuchen. Es wird gezeigt, dass die durch starke Blitze erzeugte remanente Magnetisierung recht stabil sein kann und dass es in gewissen Fällen selbst Wechselfeldern mit Feldstärken bis zu 1700 Oe nicht gelingt, diese harte Magnetisierung zum Verschwinden zu bringen. Möglichkeiten, um den störenden Einfluss der Blitze bei päleomagnetischen Untersuchungen zu vermeiden, werden besprochen.
    Notes: Summary An apparatus is described which enables progressive demagnetization of rock specimens under alternating fields in order to remove the unstable components of magnetization while retaining a measurable fraction of the stable component. The apparatus is utilized to study the stability of magnetization created in rock specimens by artificial lightning currents. It is shown that the remanent magnetization due to strong lightning currents could be fairly stable and in certain cases peak a. c. fields of intensity as high as 1700 Oe may fail to destroy completely the effect of this hard component. Possible means for avoiding the ‘magnetic noise’ effect of lightning on paleomagnetic investigations are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00875536
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High speed gravity and magnetic calculations of uniform cylindrical bodies of arbitrary cross-section and finite length (1966)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 65 (1966), S. 48-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary A simple method is designed for programming the gravity and magnetic calculations of a right circular cylinder (vertical or horizontal) by treating it as a combination of thin rectangular slabs. It takes only a few seconds to compute a profile of each kind and the accuracy is comparable to that obtained by using exact expressions (involving complete elliptic integrals) instead. The method is also applicable to cylindrical bodies of arbitrary cross-section and could as well be used for rapid computation of derivatives of gravity and magnetic anomalies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874953
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Digital computation of gravitational and magnetic anomalies and their derivatives for two-dimensional bodies of arbitrary shape (1966)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 64 (1966), S. 14-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary A simple method is presented for computing the gravity and magnetic profiles across two-dimensional bodies of arbitrary shape. The computer programme makes use of expressions for the attraction caused by an infinitely long sheet and it takes only a few seconds to compute a profile both for gravity and magnetic anomalies and their vertical and horizontal derivatives. Accuracy of the method is shown to be as good as that of graticules and owing to the use of simpler formulae, the method appears to be faster than the method of polygons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00875526
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of pyrites varying in water-soluble sulfur with gypsum for the reclamation of alkali soils under a rice-wheat rotation (1997)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 24 (1997), S. 96-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Pyrites ; Pyrite oxidation ; Gypsum Alkali soil ; Reclamation ; Soluble sulfur Welland rice ; Wheat ; Thiobacillus thioxidans ; Thiobacillus ferrooxidans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated the effect of agricultural-grade (AG) pyrites (total sulfur 22%) varying in water-soluble sulfur (1–8%) and gypsum on the soil properties and yields of rice and wheat in alkali soils during the years 1993–1995 at the Gudha and Saraswati experimental farms at the Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India. Gypsum and pyrites were applied on the basis of gypsum requirement (GR) of the soils. Results showed that the efficiency of AG pyrites in decreasing soil pH and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and increasing crop yields was dependent on their water-soluble sulfur content at the time of application to the field. Pyrites with 5.5% and 8% soluble sulfur were as effective as gypsum. The freshly mined pyrite (water-soluble S 1%) was found to be inefficient in reclaiming alkali soils. We also explored the possibility of increasing the water-soluble sulfur content of pyrite by optimizing its storage conditions. When pyrite (1% water-soluble S) was stored under moist conditions by sprinkling water over the bags under a rain shelter, there was an enrichment of indigenous iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria of pyrite, and the water-soluble sulfur increased to 5% within a period of 6 months. However no such increase occurred when pyrite was stored dry. We conclude that the soluble sulfur content of pyrite increased during its storage under moist conditions and should be between 6% and 8% at the time of its application to the field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01420227
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of pyrites varying in water-soluble sulfur with gypsum for the reclamation of alkali soils under a rice-wheat rotation (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 24 (1996), S. 96-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Pyrites ; Pyrite oxidation ; Gypsum ; Alkali soil ; Reclamation ; Soluble sulfur ; Wetland rice ; Wheat ; Thiobacillus thioxidans ; Thiobacillus ferrooxidans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated the effect of agricultural-grade (AG) pyrites (total sulfur 22%) varying in water-soluble sulfur (1–8%) and gypsum on the soil properties and yields of rice and wheat in alkali soils during the years 1993–1995 at the Gudha and Saraswati experimental farms at the Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India. Gypsum and pyrites were applied on the basis of gypsum requirement (GR) of the soils. Results showed that the efficiency of AG pyrites in decreasing soil pH and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and increasing crop yields was dependent on their water-soluble sulfur content at the time of application to the field. Pyrites with 5.5% and 8% soluble sulfur were as effective as gypsum. The freshly mined pyrite (water-soluble S 1%) was found to be inefficient in reclaiming alkali soils. We also explored the possibility of increasing the water-soluble sulfur content of pyrite by optimizing its storage conditions. When pyrite (1% water-soluble S) was stored under moist conditions by sprinkling water over the bags under a rain shelter, there was an enrichment of indigenous iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria of pyrite, and the water-soluble sulfur increased to 5% within a period of 6 months. However no such increase occurred when pyrite was stored dry. We conclude that the soluble sulfur content of pyrite increased during its storage under moist conditions and should be between 6% and 8% at the time of its application to the field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01420227
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct monitoring of Rhizobium sp. (Cicer) in nodules and soil using lac Z fusions (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 21 (1996), S. 309-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Nodulation ; Competitiveness ; Rhizobium sp. (Cicer) ; lacZ fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We constructed lacZ fusions in Rhizobium sp. (Cicer) by random Tn5-lacZ mutagenesis. The lacZ+ fusants formed blue colonies on a Rhizobial minimal medium containing 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (X-gal). Rhizobium sp. (Cicer) fusant HSL-2 was identified in nodules and soil in a mixed population on the basis of the lacZ+ phenotype. Nodule occupancy of inoculated Rhizobium sp. (Cicer) HSL-2 (lacZ+) was assessed by directly streaking the nodule sap on X-gal plates. This method revealed differences between rhizobia carrying identical antibiotic markers. The rhizobial population in soil was estimated by direct plate counts using a medium containing X-gal. Introduction of lacZ into the Rhizobium sp. thus provided a simple and direct method for identifying strains from nodules and soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334908
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of high temperature on plasmid curing of Rhizobium spp. in relation to nodulation of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 8 (1989), S. 75-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Bradyrhizobium spp. ; Rhizobium spp. ; Cajanus cajan ; Pigeonpea ; Acetylene reduction assay (ARA) ; Curing ; Nodulation ; Plasmid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Fifty-six isolates of Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium spp. (Cajanus) were studied for their plasmid profile and N2-fixation efficacy. One to three plasmids were reproducibly detected in all the Rhizobium spp. strains but no plasmid was detected in the Bradyrhizobium spp. strains. Rhizobium sp. strain P-1 was mutagenized by Tn5 and three nod− and six nod+fix− were screened for symbiotic parameters. Neomycin-sensitive mutants were isolated by elevated temperatrue (40°C) from tranconjugants carrying Tn5 insertions. The high temperature “cured” these mutants from the single large plasmid present in the parent strain P-1. All these cured mutants were nod−, indicating that the genes for nodulation were present on this plasmid, which is readily cured at a high temperature (40°C). The high temperature in the semi-arid zones of Haryana could be responsible for the low nodulation of pigeonpea because the plasmid carrying the nodulation genes is cured at 40°–45°C giving rise to non-nodulating mutants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00260520
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