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  • Springer  (43)
  • American Chemical Society  (21)
  • PANGAEA
  • 1995-1999  (65)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prolines and Aamyloidogenicity in Fragments of the Alzheimer's Peptide .beta./A4 (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 34 (1995), S. 724-730 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00003a003
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aspartame Degradation in Solution As Impacted by Buffer Type and Concentration (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 43 (1995), S. 2608-2612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00058a010
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial and temporal variation of resource limitation in Chesapeake Bay (1999)
    Springer
    Marine biology 133 (1999), S. 763-778 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We report nutrient addition bioassays at 18 stations in Chesapeake Bay (USA) to assess resources limiting phytoplankton growth. Data were pooled from several sampling programs conducted from 1989 to 1994. Spatially, light and P limitation declined from low salinity regions to high salinity regions, as N limitation increased. This spatial pattern was driven primarily by freshwater inflows with high N/P and seawater inflows with low N/P. Seasonally, there was a marked progression of winter light limitation, spring P limitation, and summer N limitation at mesohaline and polyhaline stations. The seasonal pattern appeared to be caused by temperature, mixing, river discharge, and sediment P fluxes. At high salinity stations, we also observed winter N limitation (caused by DIN depletion prior to spring nitrate delivery), and at lower salinity stations there was fall P limitation (caused by reaeration of bottom sediments). At tidal fresh stations, turbidity and nutrient concentrations resulted in continuous light limitation, except at some stations in summer. Interannual decreases in light limitation and increases in N and P limitation appear to represent improvements in water quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050518
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen/sulfide regime and nematode fauna associated with Arenicola marina burrows: new insights in the thiobios case (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 124 (1995), S. 301-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Profiles of oxygen and sulfide around the burrows of the lugworm, Arenicola marina, from a North Sea tidal flat were examined with microelectrodes, and the steep gradients were related to the microdistribution of nematodes. Around the tail shaft free oxygen penetrated only 2 mm into the burrow wall, coinciding with a bright zone sharply limited by the ambient black sediment. Contrastingly, in normal bottoms of the tidal flat (“controls”) only the surface of the bright zone was supplied with free oxygen. Here, the dark colouration coincided with the presence of free hydrogen sulfide. Around the tail shaft the nearest free hydrogen sulfide was detected 6 mm from the burrow wall leaving several millimetres of black sediment without measurable free sulfide. We discuss how these divergencies may relate to the stability of the oxygen/sulfide gradients and the course of time involved in their formation. A total of 54 nematode species were identified. Based on non-metric Multidimensional Scaling Ordination, four nematode assemblages corresponded to four microhabitats of the A. marina burrow: the funnel, the feeding pocket, the tail shaft and the feacal cast. The tail shaft assemblage (oxic plus partly anoxic zones) was similar to that of the anoxic zone of the control sediment. It was dominated by the most abundant nematode in the present study, Metalinhomoeus biformis (mean abundance in tail shaft 202 indx10 cm-3). Adults of common nematode species from sulfidic microhabitats had a significantly higher length/diameter ratio than those inhabiting the oxic zone of the control sediment (p〈0.001). The chemical recordings and metric analysis indicate that these slender nematodes around the A. marina tail shaft and in the reduced horizons of the reference sites represent thiobiotic assemblages, as compared to the shorter and stouter oxybiotic species characterising the assemblages from the surface zone and (partly) the funnel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00347134
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [3H]Leucine incorporation methodology to estimate epiphytic bacterial biomass production (1995)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 29 (1995), S. 63-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract [3H]leucine incorporation into protein, as a method of measuring bacterial biomass production (BBP), was adapted to epiphytic bacteria. Incorporation of the isotope was saturated at concentrations higher than 400 nM. Disruption of thicker biofilms by sonication resulted in higher values of BBP and ratios of BBP/biomass when compared to those of intact biofilm. Thin biofilms formed early in the decomposition process did not show this phenomenon. These results support to evidence that more internally located cells of the matrices either have greatly reduced access to the leucine from the overlying medium or that fast recycling of leucine occurs in the biofilm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217423
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous use of 14C and 3H to determine autotrophic production and bacterial protein production in periphyton (1995)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 30 (1995), S. 227-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A method of simultaneously quantifying photoautotrophic (algae and cyanobacteria) and bacterial production in periphyton communities by 14C-bicarbonate and 3H-leucine incorporation was investigated and applied to communities subjected to specific intensities of photosynthetically active radiation (400–700 nm). Maximum photosynthetic output (2.23 ± 0.29 (SE) μg C cm-2 h-1) and bacterial production (0.07 ± 0.006 μg C cm-2 h-1) occurred at the highest photon flux density (400 μmol m-2 s-1). Over a photon flux density range of 20–400 μmol m-2 s-1, bacterial and autotroph productivity were significantly and positively correlated (r = 0.89). Furthermore, application of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea, a photosystem 11 inhibitor, to periphyton films reduced bacterial production by 46%, but it had no such effect on bacteria-only cultures. Therefore, the magnitude of bacterial production in periphyton was coupled to the photosynthesis/metabolism of algae and/or cyanobacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00171931
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decomposition and CO2 Evolution from Standing Litter of the Emergent Macrophyte Erianthus giganteus (1999)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 38 (1999), S. 50-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Decomposition of standing litter of the emergent macrophyte Erianthus giganteus (plumegrass) was quantified in a small freshwater wetland in Alabama, USA. Living green shoots of E. giganteus were tagged and periodically retrieved for determination of leaf and culm mass loss, litter-associated fungal biomass (ergosterol), and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. Laboratory studies were also conducted to examine the effects of plant litter moisture content and temperature on rates of CO2 evolution from plant litter. Culm and leaf material lost 25 and 32% AFDM, respectively, during plant senescence and early litter decay. Fungal biomass, as determined by ergosterol concentrations, increased significantly in both leaf and culm litter during decomposition, with maximum biomass accounting for 3.7 and 6.7% of the total detrital weight in culm and leaf litter, respectively. Spatial differences in fungal biomass were observed along the culm axis, with upper regions of the culm accumulating significantly greater amounts of fungal mass than basal regions (p 〈 0.01, ANOVA). Rates of CO2 evolution from both leaf and culm litter increased rapidly after wetting (0 to 76 μg CO2−C g−1 AFDM h−1 within 5 min). In addition, rates of CO2 evolution from water saturated culms increased exponentially as the temperature was increased from 10 to 30°C. These results provide evidence that considerable microbial colonization and mineralization of standing emergent macrophyte litter can occur before collapse of senescent shoot material to the water and sediment surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002489900154
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Microscale Water Level Fluctuations and Altered Ultraviolet Radiation on Periphytic Microbiota (1999)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 38 (1999), S. 253-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Microscale fluctuations in water level (1–20 mm) are common on a diurnal basis in shallow (〈5–10 cm) wetlands, coupled to evapotranspiration losses during the daytime in excess of groundwater resupply. These depth variations alter the intensity of UV irradiance reaching attached periphytic algal and bacterial microbial communities. Effects of alterations of UV irradiance by micro-changes in water level on periphytic microbiota were examined experimentally. Attached microbial communities, grown on glass fiber filters in situ in a natural wetland, were exposed experimentally to near-natural levels of UV irradiance of differing spectral quality. UV intensity was altered by varying the distance of the communities from the light source, changes in UV-attenuating natural dissolved organic matter (DOM), and small changes in water level (2 or 4 mm). Algal productivity and photosynthetic oxygen production were significantly reduced by small enhancements of UV-B radiation, by decreased water levels of only 2 mm, and by reductions in concentrations of DOM. UV-B had only small short-term effects on chlorophyll a, although small increases in water depth and DOM concentration reduced pigment damage. Experimental removal of UV-B during in situ growth indicated that algae could adapt to UV radiation during growth in natural environments. Microbial oxygen consumption and bacterial productivity and biomass were also lowered significantly by UV-B exposure, and damage decreased with small (2 mm) increases in water depth or in DOM concentration. Selective inhibitors of algal photosynthesis and production of released extracellular organic substrates caused a concomitant reduction in bacterial productivity and a significant increase in magnitude of UV-B damage to bacterial biomass. These effects suggested that metabolic interactions between the periphytic autotrophs and heterotrophs altered community responses to UV-B radiation. Microscale water level reductions, common on a diurnal basis in shallow wetlands, and associated increased UV intensity can result in rapid alterations in periphytic metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002489900175
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and the origin of the genetic code (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 40 (1995), S. 545-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Genetic code ; Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases ; Ribozyme ; Protein design ; Leucine zippers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases exist as two enzyme families which were apparently generated by divergent evolution from two primordial synthetases. The two classes of enzymes exhibit intriguing familial relationships, in that they are distributed nonrandomly within the codon-amino acid matrix of the genetic code. For example, all XCX codons code for amino acids handled by class II synthetases, and all but one of the XUX codons code for amino acids handled by class I synthetases. One interpretation of these patterns is that the synthetases coevolved with the genetic code. The more likely explanation, however, is that the synthetases evolved in the context of an already-established genetic code—a code which developed earlier in an RNA world. The rules which governed the development of the genetic code, and led to certain patterns in the coding catalog between codons and amino acids, would also have governed the subsequent evolution of the synthetases in the context of a fixed code, leading to patterns in synthetase distribution such as those observed. These rules are (1) conservative evolution of amino acid and adapter binding sites and (2) minimization of the disruptive effects on protein structure caused by codon meaning changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00166624
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Evolution der evolutionären Systementwicklung: Erfahrungen aus einem Krankenhausprojekt (1997)
    Springer
    Informatik-Spektrum 20 (1997), S. 13-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-122X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter  Evolutionäre Systementwicklung ; Krankenhausinformationssysteme ; Kooperationsunterstützung ; Organisationsentwicklung ; Partizipation ; Key words  Evolutionary Systems Development ; Hospital Information Systems ; Cooperation Support ; Organizational Development ; Participation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002870050047
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