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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels in Airway Epithelial Cells (1999)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 171 (1999), S. 117-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Airway epithelial ion channels — Amiloride — Dichlorobenzamil — l-cis-diltiazem — Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels — Airway fluid absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. Using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique, the selectivity and pharmacology of 8-Br-cGMP-stimulated currents in the human alveolar cell line A549 was compared to 8-Br-cGMP-stimulated currents in HK293 cells transfected with hαCNC1. Whole cell currents stimulated by 8-Br-cGMP in HK293 cells transfected with hαCNC1 or A549 cells are carried by inward sodium and outward potassium with nearly the same selectivity. The whole-cell inward currents that are stimulated by 8-Br-cGMP in HK293 cells transfected with hαCNC1 are inhibited by l-cis-diltiazem with an IC50 of 154 μm, by 2′,4′-dichlorobenzamil with an IC50 of 50 μm and by amiloride with an IC50 of 133 μm. The whole-cell inward currents in A549 cells that are stimulated by 8-Br-cGMP, are inhibited by l-cis-diltiazem with an IC50 of 87 μm, by 2′4′-dichlorobenzamil with an IC50 of 38 μm and by amiloride with an IC50 of 32 μm suggesting that these airway cells contain cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels. RT-PCR data suggest that mRNA of both αCNC1 and βCNC subunits are present in A549 cells and the presence of the βCNC subunit, may as previously reported, increase the affinity of these channel blockers compared to the hαCNC1 subunit alone. The mRNA of two other isoforms of this channel, CNC2 and CNC3, are also expressed in the A549 cell line. This study documents the IC50 of externally applied channel blockers that can be used for in vitro or in vivo experiments to document sodium absorption via cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels in airway cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002329900564
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sodium transport through the amiloride-sensitive Na-Mg pathway of hamster red cells (1994)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 141 (1994), S. 277-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Erythrocytes (red blood cells) ; Amiloride ; Magnesium ; sodium exchange ; Magnesium transport ; Sodium transport ; Hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Previous work showed that in hamster red cells the amiloride-sensitive (AS) Na+ influx of 0.8 mmol/liter cells/hr is not mediated by Na-H exchange as in other red cells, but depends upon intracellular Mg2+ and can be increased by 40-fold by loading cells with Mg2+ to 10 mm. The purpose of this study was to verify the connection of AS Na+ influx with Na-dependent, amiloride-sensitive Mg2+ efflux and to utilize AS Na+ influx to explore that pathway. Determination of unidirectional influx of Na+ and net loss of Mg2+ in parallel sets of cells showed that activation by extracellular [Na+] follows a simple Michaelis-Menten relationship for both processes with a K m of 105–107 mm and that activation of both processes is sigmoidally dependent upon cytoplasmic [Mg2+] with a [Mg2+]0.5 of 2.1–2.3 mm and a Hill coefficient of 1.8. Comparison of Vmax for both sets of experiments indicated a stoichiometry of 2 Na: l Mg. Amiloride inhibits Na+ influx and Mg2+ extrusion in parallel (K i = 0.3 mm). Like Mg2+ extrusion, amiloride-sensitive Na+ influx shows an absolute requirement for cytoplasmic ATP and is increased by cell swelling. Hence, amiloride-sensitive Na+ influx in hamster red cells appears to be through the Na-Mg exchange pathway. There was no amiloride-sensitive Na+ efflux in hamster red cells loaded with Na+ and incubated with high [Mg2+] in the medium with or without external Na+, nor with ATP depletion. Hence, this is not a simple Na-Mg exchange carrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235137
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tagging and mapping the thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile gene in rice (Oryza sativa L.) with molecular markers (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 1111-1114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Rice TGMS gene ; RAPD ; RFLP ; Molecular markers ; Gene tagging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The thermo-sensititve genic male-sterile (TGMS) gene in rice can alter fertility in response to temperature and is useful in the two-line system of hybrid rice production. However, little is known about the TGMS gene at the molecular level. The objective of this study was to identify molecular markers tightly linked with the TGMS gene and to map the gene onto a specific rice chromosome. Bulked segregant analysis of an F2 population from 5460s (a TGMS mutant line) x ‘Hong Wan 52’ was used to identify RAPD markers linked to the rice TGMS gene. Four hundred RAPD primers were screened for polymorphisms between the parents and between two bulks representing fertile and sterile plants; of these, 4 primers produced polymorphic products. Most of the polymorphic fragments contained repetitive sequences. Only one singlecopy sequence fragment was found, a 1.2-kb fragment amplified by primer OPB-19 and subsequently named TGMS1.2. TGMS1.2 was mapped on chromosome 8 with a RIL population and confirmed by remapping with a DHL population. Segregation analysis using TGMS1.2 as a probe indicated that TGMS1.2 both consegregated and was lined with the TGMS gene in this population. It is located about 6.7 cM from the TGMS gene. As TGMS1.2 is linked to the TGMS gene, the TGMS gene must be located on chromosome 8.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223928
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling long-term climate changes with equilibrium asynchronous coupling (1999)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 15 (1999), S. 325-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  The use of the equilibrium asynchronous coupling (EAC) scheme is proposed as a strategy to better understand long-term climate changes in a fully coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model. The EAC scheme requires each component model to be integrated to its equilibrium before being coupled to the other component. Use of this scheme has the distinct advantage of being able to clarify the nature of the coupling between the ocean and atmosphere, because each asynchronous iteration takes the form of a sensitivity experiment. Basic features of the EAC scheme are first studied in an energy balance model. It is found that the convergence rate of the EAC scheme is proportional to the damping rate in the atmosphere or surface ocean, but is inversely proportional to the coupling strength between the ocean and atmosphere. Furthermore, the seasonal cycle response converges much faster than the annual mean response. Using realistic parameters, the seasonal cycle response should converge in a few iterations. The EAC scheme is further applied to a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model to study the tropical monsoon climate of the early Holocene. The convergence behavior of the sea surface temperature is found to agree with the theory derived from the energy balance model study. The EAC scheme is further used to investigate the role of ocean-atmosphere feedback in modifying the response of monsoons to orbital forcings in the early Holocene. It is found that the ocean exerts a positive feedback on the North African monsoon, but a negative feedback on the Indian monsoon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003820050285
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sedimentary framework of the modern Huanghe (Yellow River) delta (1986)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 6 (1986), S. 77-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The geometry, stratigraphy, and structure of recently deposited Huanghe (Yellow River) Delta sediments were examined by high resolution subbottom profiles and medium-penetration boomer profiles. The results indicate that the active (post-1976) subaqueous delta advances as a single thin localized lobe with a maximum thickness of only 15 m. Calculations of sediment volumes indicate that 90% or more of the sediment supplied by the Huanghe remains within 30 km of the mouth. Sediment on the delta platform near the mouth is fine sand; elsewhere silts and clays prevail.[/p]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02281643
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological, physiological and enzymatic characteristics of cephalosporin acylase-producing Arthrobacter strain 45-8A (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 159 (1993), S. 392-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Arthrobacter strain 45-8A ; Cephalosporin acylase ; 7-Aminocephalosporanic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A bacterial strain producing cephalosporin acylases was isolated from soil. The morphological and physiological properties of this strain suggest that it belongs to the genus Arthrobacter, and the isolate was therefore designated Arthrobacter strain 45-8A. Substrate specificity of the enzyme was examined. The enzyme can convert both cephalosporin C and 7β-(4-carboxylbutan-amino)cephalosporanic acid to 7-aminocephalosporanic acid. An interesting feature of the acylases is their temperature-dependent regulation. Activity of acylases was detected in strain 45-8A grown at temperature below 30 °C, but was not observed at higher temperature. Arthrobacter strain 45-8A did not exhibit β-lactamase activity, even though its resistance to cephalosporin C was very strong (〉2000 μg/ml). This is quite beneficial for its application in the manufacture of 7-aminocephalosporanic acd.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290923
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genome mapping of polyploid tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) with RFLP markers (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 947-955 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: RFLP ; Genetic map ; Polyploids ; Tall fescue ; Molecular marker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genetic mapping using molecular markers such as restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) has become a powerful tool for plant geneticists and breeders. Like many economically important polyploid plant species, detailed genetic studies of hexaploid tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) are complicated, and no genetic map has been established. We report here the first tall fescue genetic map. This map was generated from an F2 population of HD28-56 by ‘Kentucky-31’ and contains 108 RFLP markers. Although the two parental plants were heterozygous, the perennial and tillering growth habit, high degree of RFLP, and disomic inheritance of tall fescue enabled us to identify the segregating homologous alleles. The map covers 1274 cM on 19 linkage groups with an average of 5 loci per linkage group (LG) and 17.9 cM between loci. Mapping the homoeologous loci detected by the same probe allowed us to identify five homoeologous groups within which the gene orders were found to be generally conserved among homoeologous chromosomes. An exception was homoeologous group 5, in which only 2 of the 3 homoeologous chromosomes were identified. Using 12 genome-specific probes, we were able to assign several linkage groups to one of the three genomes (PG1G2) in tall fescue. All the loci detected by the 11 probes specific to the G1 and/or G2 genomes, with one exception, identified loci located on 4 chromosomes of two homoeologous groups (LG2a, LG2c, LG3a, and LG3c). A P-genome-specific probe was used to map a locus on LG5c. Comparative genome mapping with maize probes indicated that homoeologous group 3 and 2 chromosomes in tall fescue corresponded to maize chromosome 1. Difficulties and advantages of applying RFLP technology in polyploids with high levels of heterozygosity are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223905
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An efficient method for solving the model equations of a two dimensional packed bed electrode (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 25 (1995), S. 755-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A theoretical and experimental study of a flow-by packed bed electrochemical reactor consisting of graphite particles is given. The mathematical model describes the two dimensional distributions of electrode potential and reactant concentration in the reactor, and includes the influence of lateral dispersion between the feeder electrode and membrane. A new efficient numerical method, based on central finite difference and orthogonal collocation is used to solve the model. Results of the model simulations agree well with experimental measurement of the potential distribution for the ferrocyanide/ferricyanide system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00648630
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The microwave technique: A new route for high dispersion of inorganic salts onto supports (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 14 (1995), S. 598-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00275389
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shape Memory Alloy Fixator System for Suturing Tissue in Minimal Access Surgery (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of biomedical engineering 27 (1999), S. 663-669 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9686
    Keywords: Finite element modelling ; Suturing ; Endoscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract A new technique for suturing human tissue is described in which tissue closure is achieved by means of small fixators made from shape memory alloy. The aim of the development is to provide an alternative to thread suturing in minimal access surgery, which is quicker and requires less skill to achieve the required suturing quality. The design of the fixators is described in terms of the thermal shape recovery of shape memory alloy and a novel form of finite element analysis, which uses a nonlinear elastic element for the material property. Thermal analysis of the fixators and surrounding tissue is used to predict the temperature distribution during and after the application of electric current heating. This was checked in an in vitro experiment, which confirmed that deployment caused no detectable collateral damage to surrounding tissue. In vivo animal studies on the use of the shape memory alloy fixator for suturing tissue are ongoing to establish safety and healing effects. © 1999 Biomedical Engineering Society. PAC99: 8719Pp, 8768+z, 8780Rb
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1114/1.216
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