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  • Springer  (104)
  • Wiley  (47)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • 1990-1994  (151)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid on maize kernel development in vitro (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of plant growth regulation 9 (1990), S. 89-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-8107
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Pollination stimulates ethylene production in maize ears, and the application of ethephon during the pollination period can cause kernel abortion. The objective of this study was to determine if kernel abortion could be induced in vitro by the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). Adding ACC to the culture medium resulted in the evolution of ethylene which caused abortion and reduced mature kernel mass. The effect of ethylene on kernel abortion and dry matter accumulation was partially negated by the addition of the ethylene-binding site inhibitor, 2,5-norbornadiene (NBD). The effect of ethylene on kernel abortion was greatest during the early stage of kernel development and was intensified by an increase in media sucrose concentration. These data suggest that ethylene could regulate kernel abortion in maize.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02041947
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some effects of rearing the yellow dung fly Scatophaga stercoraria in cattle dung containing invermectin (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 63 (1992), S. 39-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Avermectins ; cattle dung ; fluctuating asymmetry ; ivermectin ; sub-lethal effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Invermectin was added to cattle dung in controlled concentrations like those found in the pats of injected cattle, and the medium was used to rear larvae of the dung fly Scatophaga stercoraria. Ivermectin at 0.036 ppm (wt/wet weight) debilitates 50% of the larvae within 48 h. At 0.015 ppm, 50% of the larvae are unable to pupariate, while at 0.001 ppm, 50% of the larvae fail to reach the adult stage. Adults produced from larvae reared in pats containing 0.0005 ppm invermectin show high levels of fluctuating asymmetry in wing characteristics as well as deformities in the wing veins themselves. The data are discussed in relation to the effects of excreted ivermectin on pastureland biology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350344
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design justification of manufacturing systems—a review (1993)
    Springer
    International journal of flexible manufacturing systems 5 (1993), S. 5-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9370
    Keywords: design justification ; economic design ; manufacturing system design ; design methodology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The development of design systems which ensure economic feasibility has been the focus of recent research in the manufacturing area. Traditional design and justification approaches have been cited as having shortcomings; thus, there have been a variety of modifications and enhancements developed. An approach that is conceptually different from the traditional approaches seeks the integration of the economic analysis within the design process. We denote this approach as thedesign justification method. This paper reviews literature related to the explicit and implicit integration of economic factors in the manufacturing system design process, followed by supporting issues for the implementation of the design justification concept.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01328737
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Examining play sand products for asbestos contamination (1990)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 45 (1990), S. 486-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01700619
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Net assimilation rate and shoot area development in birch (Betula pendula Roth.) at different steady-state values of nutrition and photon flux density (1992)
    Springer
    Trees 6 (1992), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Keywords: Nitrogen ; Photon flux density ; Growth ; Betula
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Small birch plants (Betula pendula Roth.) were grown in a climate chamber at different, exponentially increasing rates of nitrogen supply and at different photon flux densities. This resulted in treatments with relative growth rate equal to the relative rate of increase in nitrogen supply and with different equilibrium values of plant nitrogen concentration. Nitrogen productivity (rate of dry matter increase per plant nitrogen) was largely independent of nitrogen supply and was greater at higher photon flux density. Leaf weight ratio, average specific leaf area (and thus leaf area ratio) were all greater at better nitrogen supply and at lower values of photon flux density. The dependencies were such that the ratio of total projected leaf area to plant nitrogen at a given photon flux density was similar at all rates of nitrogen supply. The ratio was greater at lower values of photon flux density. At a given value of photon flux density, net assimilation rate and net photosynthetic rate per shoot area (measured at the growth climate) were only slightly greater at better rates of nitrogen supply. Values were greater at higher photon flux densities. Acclimation of the total leaf area to plant nitrogen ratio and of net assimilation rate was such that nitrogen productivity was largely saturated with respect to photon flux density at values greater than 230 μmol m-2 s-1. At higher photon flux densities, any potential gain in nitrogen productivity associated with higher net assimilation rates was apparently offset by lower ratios of total leaf area to plant nitrogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224491
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free variables and first-class environments (1991)
    Springer
    Higher-order and symbolic computation 4 (1991), S. 107-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0557
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract A simple set of extensions to theSCHEME language removes the need for a distinguished top level interaction environment by providing first-class environments. These extensions also provide a powerful mechanism for code packaging and may be used to implement simple object-oriented systems. In addition, a mechanism is presented that implements compiled references to free variables as efficiently as in languages likeC, provided the code does not directly manipulate first-class environments. The mechanism requires a simple static analysis performed by the compiler and meshes with a slower mechanism used by both interpreted code and compiled code that manipulates first-class environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01813016
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The morphology and structure of the West O’Gorman Fracture Zone (1990)
    Springer
    Marine geophysical researches 12 (1990), S. 317-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0581
    Keywords: Fracture Zone ; isostacy ; flexure ; gravity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The West O’Gorman Fracture Zone is an unusual feature that lies between the Mathematician Ridge and the East Pacific Rise on crust generated on the East Pacific Rise between 4 and 9 million years ago. We made a reconnaissance gravity, magnetic and Sea Beam study of the zone with particular emphasis on its eastern (youngest) portion. That region is characterized by an elongate main trough, a prominent median ridge and other, smaller ridges and troughs. The structure has the appearance of large-offset fracture zone, possibly in a slow spreading environment. However, magnetic anomalies indicate that the offset, if any, is quite small, and the spreading rate during formation was fast. In addition, the magnetic profiles do not support earlier models for a difference in spreading rate north and south of the fracture. The morphology of the fracture zone suggests that flexure may be responsible for some of the topography; but gravity studies indicate some of the most prominent features of the fracture zone are at least partially compensated. The main trough is underlain by a thin crust (or high density body), similar to large-offset fracture zones in the Atlantic, while the median ridge is underlain by a thickened crust. Sea Beam data does not unambiguously resolve between volcanism or serpentinization of the upper mantle as a mechanism for isostatic compensation. Why the West O’Gorman exists remains enigmatic, but we speculate that the topographic expression of a fracture zone does not require a transform offset during formation. Perhaps the spreading ridge was magma starved for some reason, resulting in a thin crust that allowed water to penetrate and serpentinize portions of the upper mantle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02428201
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecdysteroids as a component of the genital sex pheromone in two species of hard ticks,Dermacentor variabilis andDermacentor andersoni (Acari: Ixodidae) (1991)
    Springer
    Experimental and applied acarology 12 (1991), S. 275-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9702
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Neutering of part-fed females eliminated copulatory behavior inDermacentor variabilis (Say) andD. andersoni Stiles males. Extracts from the anterior reproductive tracts of part-fed (7 days) females partly restored the male copulatory behavior in conspecific neutered females. Similar extracts from unfed females did not restore the behavior, suggesting that the pheromone was produced during feeding. Perception of the genital sex pheromone by sensillae on the male cheliceral digits was confirmed by electrophysiological techniques. Males ofD. variabilis andD. andersoni responsed positively to authentic ecdysone and 20-hydroxyccdysone (20HE) in neutered female bioassays. Responses to sterols were significantly lower than to ecdysteroids. Electrophysiological assays suggest a sensitivity of males to high doses of ecdysteroids. The strongest responses were to 20HE in both species. Ecdysteroids, specifically ecdysone and 20HE were shown to be present in the anterior reproductive tracts in excess of amounts that could be explained by mere hemolymph contamination. Ecdysteroids were also found in washings of the vaginal lumen of these two species.Dermacentor andersoni females contained larger amounts of ecdysteroids thanD. variabilis females. 20-hydroxyecdysone and possibly ecdysone appear to be components of the genital sex pheromone ofD. variabilis andD. andersoni. Species recognition may be facilitated by these components, but the complete mechanism is not yet fully understood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01193473
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deuteron tunneling at electron-volt energies (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 9 (1990), S. 409-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Keywords: Fusion (theory) ; cold fusion ; deuteron tunneling ; nuclear reactions ; electron conversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract We speculate on a new mechanism for deuteron-deuteron fusion reactions at electron-volt energies. Appealing to conservation principles, it is shown that deuteron tunneling leading to fusion is very unlikely to take place between two isolated deuterons. It is argued that in solids, however, tunneling may lead to fusion via a new reaction mechanism which populates energy levels of4He, with simultaneous energy transfer to an electron. Predictions of this theory are that d+d+e− fusion at electron-volt energies in solids should lead to copious production of tritium, protium, energetic electrons, and small quantities of4He.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01588270
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of mercury, selenium, and organochlorine contaminants on reproduction of Forster's terns and black skimmers nesting in a contaminated Texas Bay (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 20 (1991), S. 32-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mean mercury (0.40 μg/g), and geometric mean DDE (1.6 μg/g) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) (2.3 μg/g) concentrations in Forster's tern (Sterna forsteri) eggs from Lavaca Bay were higher than those in tern eggs from a reference area in San Antonio Bay, but residues were not correlated with hatching success. Nest success was similar between bays. Selenium levels in Lavaca Bay tern eggs (0.71 μg/g) were also comparable to those in eggs from the reference area (0.68 μg/g). Clutch size (3.1 to 3.4) of Lavaca Bay black skimmers (Rynchops niger) was no different than that (3.4) at a reference colony near Laguna Vista. Nest success was similar among three Lavaca Bay colonies, but success was lower at one Lavaca Bay colony (40%) than at Laguna Vista (65%). Mean mercury (0.46 μg/g) and selenium (0.75 μg/g) concentrations in skimmer eggs from Lavaca Bay were higher than those (0.19, 0.33 μg/g) from Laguna Vista; however, concentrations of neither contaminant were related to hatching success. DDE concentrations in Lavaca Bay skimmer eggs (3.4 μg/g) were similar to those from Laguna Vista (3.2 μg/g) and DDE was negatively correlated with hatching success. PCBs were higher in eggs from Lavaca Bay (1.3 μg/g) than Laguna Vista (0.8 μg/g). Organochlorine and metal contaminants in most eggs were below embryotoxic levels. Eggshell thinning in Forster's terns (7%) and black skimmers (5%) was below that associated with lowered reproduction. DDE and PCBs were detected in 9 Caspian tern (S. caspia) eggs; maximum concentrations were 4.7 and 5.4 μg/g. Caspian tern and least tern (S. albifrons) eggs contained low (⩽0.9 μg/g) concentrations of mercury and selenium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065325
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