ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Ihre E-Mail wurde erfolgreich gesendet. Bitte prüfen Sie Ihren Maileingang.

Leider ist ein Fehler beim E-Mail-Versand aufgetreten. Bitte versuchen Sie es erneut.

Vorgang fortführen?

Exportieren
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Prey odor discrimination by ingestively naive coachwhip snakes(Masticophis flagellum) (1990)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 1 (1990), S. 86-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Schlagwort(e): prey odor ; behavior ; heritability ; Reptilia ; Squamata ; Serpentes ; Colubridae ; Masticophis flagellum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Ingestively naive hatchling coachwhip snakes(Masticophis flagellum) detected integumentary chemicals from several potential prey species and discriminated them from chemical stimuli from other animals and from distilled water, strongly suggesting a genetic basis for these abilities. The strongest responses were to lizard and snake stimuli, which form a major part of the diet. Variable responses to chemical cues from other taxa are discussed. Responses by coachwhip snakes to prey chemicals appear to be highly specific, as suggested by the stronger reaction to vomodors of sympatric than of allopatric lizard species. The highly developed use of chemical cues by the diurnal, visually oriented coachwhip snake emphasizes the general importance of chemical senses to predation by nonvenomous snakes, regardless of the involvement of vision.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01241648
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Strike-induced chemosensory searching is absent in the cordylid lizard,Cordylus cordylus, a scleroglossan ambush forager (1994)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 5-6 (1994), S. 47-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Schlagwort(e): strike-induced chemosensory searching ; foraging ; tongue-flicking ; Lacertilia ; Cordylidae ; Cordylus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Strike-induced chemosensory searching (SICS) was not detected experimentally in the cordylid lizard,Cordylus cordylus. Both components of SICS, a post-strike elevation in tongue-flick rate (PETF) and searching movements for attacked and released prey, were absent. The findings are consistent with previous data showing that PETF and/or SICS are lacking in all lizard families yet studied that forage primarily by ambush, but are present in actively foraging scleroglossan families and the herbivorous iguanian family Iguanidae. It is suggested that foraging behavior is a primary determinant of the presence or absence of SICS in lizards. Nevertheless, in most families in the two major clades, Iguania and Scleroglossa, the plesiomorphic foraging mode is retained. The findings agree with the prediction that SICS is absent in families lacking lingually mediated prey chemical discrimination (PCD), presumably due to selection against movement by ambush foragers that avoid being detected by either prey or predators because they remain motionless. Although PETF and SICS were absent, labial-licking and lingual movements similar to those observed after swallowing increased after biting prey, suggesting that the functions of these lingual movements may have been related to grooming. Locomotory movements did not increase following biting and appeared to represent avoidance of the experimenter.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01259973
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Strike-induced chemosensory searching by a teiid lizard, the golden tegu (Tupinambis nigropunctatus) (1993)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 4 (1993), S. 79-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Schlagwort(e): strike-induced chemosensory searching ; search behavior ; foraging ; feeding behavior ; tongue-flicking ; Reptilia ; Lacertilia ; Teiidae ; Tupinambis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Strike-induced chemosensory searching (SICS) is experimentally demonstrated in a teiid lizard,Tupinambis nigropunctatus. SICS consists of a concurrent post-strike elevation in tongue-flick rate (PETF) and searching movements after voluntary release or escape of bitten prey or removal of prey from the predator's mouth. The results are consistent with previous data showing that PETF and/or SICS occur in all families of scleroglossan lizards and snakes and all families of actively foraging lizards yet studied. The relatively short duration of SICS (2 min) in a lizard having lingual and vomeronasal structure highly specialized for chemosensory sampling and analysis suggests that phylogenetic and ecological factors may be more important than morphology in determining the duration. The greatest known durations occur only in the presumably monophyletic clade containing varanoid lizards and snakes, all of which have highly developed chemical sampling and chemoreceptor apparatus, but in addition feed on prey that has a high probability of being relocated by prolonged scent-trailing. Because only active foragers move through the habitat while tongue-flicking and exhibit lingually mediated prey chemical discrimination, only active foragers may be expected to use SICS. SICS would appear to be useless to an ambush forager and might disrupt its defensive crypticity, rendering it more detectable to predators and prey. Therefore, it may be predicted that SICS is adaptively adjusted to foraging mode.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01241677
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Prey chemical discrimination and strike-induced chemosensory searching in the lizardLiolaemus zapallarensis (1993)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 4 (1993), S. 86-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Schlagwort(e): Prey chemicals ; tongue-flicking ; PETF ; SICS ; insectivorous ; Reptilia Lacertilia ; Iguania ; Tropiduridae ; Liolaemus zapallarensis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Experimental tests were conducted to determine whether the ambush foraging iguanian lizard,Liolaemus zapallarensis, was capable of discriminating prey chemicals from control substances and whether this lizard exhibits strike-induced chemosensory searching (SICS) or its components after biting prey. The two components of SICS are a poststrike elevation in tongue-flicking rate (PETF) and apparent searching movements for relocation of prey that has been bitten, but released or escaped.Liolaemus zapallarensis failed to discriminate prey chemicals from control substances, but exhibited significant PETF lasting one minute. SICS was absent inL. zapallarensis because no post-strike movements were observed. The absence of both prey chemical discrimination and SICS exhibited byL. zapallarensis is common to all the insectivorous iguanians and ambush foraging lizards studied to date. However,L. zapallarensis is the first insectivorous iguanian species shown to exhibit PETF. The results suggest thatL. zapallarensis does not use the tongue for detection, identification, or relocation of prey while foraging. The possibility does remain thatL. zapallarensis may be capable of chemically identifying prey once the prey stimuli reach the oral cavity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01241678
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of movement and eating on chemosensory tongue-flicking and on labial-licking in the leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius) (1996)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 7 (1996), S. 179-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Schlagwort(e): tongue-flicking ; labial-licking ; feeding ; foraging ; Lacertilia ; Eublepharidae ; Eublepharis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Two forms of lingual protrusion, tongueflicking and labial-licking, were differentially affected by combinations of movement and eating conditions in a eublepharid gecko (Eublepharis macularius). Tongue-flicking, in which the tongue contacts substrates beyond the lizard's body, occurred at increased rates during locomotion and during locomotion was significantly more frequent after eating than in a baseline condition. Labial-licking, in which a protruded portion of the tongue touches the labial, mental or rostral scales that surround the mouth, increased after eating. Unlike tongue-flick rates, by far the highest labial-lick rates were observed in stationary lizards after eating. The elevated tongue-flicking rates during movement after eating may be a manifestation of a postingestive chemosensory search for prey. In addition to grooming, several possible chemosensory functions of labial-licking are discussed, including gustatory sampling, sampling prey chemicals on the labials for transfer to the vomeronasal system, and redistribution of chemicals on the tongue to enhance transfer. It is suggested that labial-licking might help motionless lizards maintain vigilance for visual prey stimuli associated with the specific chemical prey cues. Another possible explanation for the increased labial-lick rate while motionless after eating is that prey chemicals induce tongue-flicking, but that the distance protruded is lessened and the tongue does not contact environmental substrates. Tongue-flicking while stationary is unlikely to lead to detection of additional prey and might incur detection by the lizard's predators or prey.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01266310
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparative analysis of scoring methods for chemical discrimination of prey by squamate reptiles (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 16 (1990), S. 45-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Reptilia ; tongue-flicks ; broad-headed skink ; Eumeces laticeps ; garter snake ; Thamnophis sirtalis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract In studies of squamate responses to prey chemicals presented on cotton-tipped applicators, investigators typically record several responses, each of which gives only part of the overall picture. The tongue-flick/attack score (TFAS) is a widely used composite measure of response strength that accounts for attack, its latency, and number of tongue-flicks. We present data and analyses on these variables and investigate the utility of several other possible response variables. It is concluded, for both practical and theoretical reasons, that TFAS and two modifications of it are the best measures of response strength. Uses and statistical analyses of TFAS and variables derived from it are discussed. It is recommended that information on tongue-flick rate, number of individuals attacking, and latency to attack be presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01021267
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaluation of Swab and Related Tests as a Bioassay for Assessing Responses by Squamate Reptiles to Chemical Stimuli (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 24 (1998), S. 841-866 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Tongue-flicking ; behavior ; chemical senses ; Squamata
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The ability of squamates to detect chemical cues from adaptively important sources including prey, predators, and conspecifics has been tested frequently by presenting stimuli on cotton-tipped swabs or ceramic tiles. In many such studies the primary response variable is tongue-flicking, which is widely interpreted to indicate sampling for vomerolfaction. I review the basic experimental method and consider limitations regarding its application and interpretation and ways to overcome them. Effects of experimenter proximity and the assumed invisibility of chemical stimuli are considered, as are use of cologne as a pungency control, senses used in making chemical discriminations, and interpretation of results when there are no significant response differences among stimulus classes. Although the assumption that tongue-flicking reveals vomerolfactory sampling and the necessity of an intact vomeronasal system for normal responses to pheromones have been demonstrated where tested, very few species have been examined. In some squamates for which these assumptions have not been examined experimentally, especially eublepharid geckos, attacks on swabs bearing prey chemicals and performance of antipredatory displays in response to predator chemicals occur with no prior tongue-flicking. Not only are assays based on tongue-flicking useless in such cases, but the discriminations are likely based on olfaction. Issues specific to the study of responses to prey chemicals, predator chemicals, and pheromones are discussed. For many purposes, swab tests provide rapid, conclusive assays of ability to respond differentially to biologically relevant stimuli. However, other methods may be superior for studying some responses, and swab tests are not always applicable.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022373517653
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Discriminative Response to Animal, But Not Plant, Chemicals by an Insectivorous, Actively Foraging Lizard, Scincella lateralis, and Differential Response to Surface and Internal Prey Cues (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 1531-1541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Behavior ; chemical senses ; tongue-flicking ; diet ; Squamata ; Scincidae ; Scincella lateralis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Responses by the insectivorous, actively foraging scincid lizard, Scincella lateralis, to chemical cues from a plant food favored by herbivorous lizards, its ability to discriminate prey chemicals from control substances, and its relative response to internal and surface prey chemicals were studied experimentally. We presented chemical cues to the lizards on cotton swabs and recorded their tongue-flicks and biting attacks on the swabs. The lizards exhibited significantly greater tongue-flick rates and biting frequencies to prey surface cues than to plant surface chemicals from romaine lettuce, diluted cologne (pungency control), and deionized water. Responses to the plant stimuli did not differ from those to the two control stimuli, in contrast with strong responses to the same plant cues by herbivores. This finding provides the first information suggesting that chemosensory response may be adapted to diet, with responsiveness to plant stimuli evolving de novo in herbivores. Biting and tongue-flicking responses were significantly greater to cricket chemicals than to all other stimuli, among which there were no differences. Thus, the lizards are capable of prey chemical discrimination, which may be ubiquitous among actively foraging lizards. The lizards exhibited more frequent biting and higher tongue-flick rates to internal than surface prey chemicals. Although different methods of stimulus preparation are appropriate for different purposes, we conclude that prey surface chemicals available to foraging lizards are most desirable for studies bearing on location and identification of prey.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020880614708
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Locomotor impairment and defense in gravid lizards (Eumeces laticeps): behavioral shift in activity may offset costs of reproduction in an active forager (1990)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 27 (1990), S. 153-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Female Eumeces laticeps experience a substantial decrease in running speed (ca. 25%) and an even greater loss of endurance (slightly over 50%) while gravid. Because some widely foraging lizards, including E. laticeps, rely primarily on running to escape predators, the decreases in speed and stamina may contribute to an increased risk of predation. However, observations suggest that gravid females become less active or conspicuous on the surface. Ambush foraging lizards rely relatively more on crypsis associated with immobility to avoid predation and thus can have greater average relative clutch mass (RCM) than active foragers. Behavioral compensation for locomotor impairment by becoming less active or conspicuous may allow some species the advantages inherent in both high relative clutch mass when gravid and the increased energetic profitability of active foraging when not gravid. As females gain weight during the breeding season, they may forage actively until the risk due to increasing locomotor impairment becomes too great and then change defensive strategy to greater reliance on crypsis. Without such a shift, widely foraging squamate reptiles may be less able than ambush foragers to exploit life-historical strategies demanding high current investment in reproduction.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00180298
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correlated evolution of prey chemical discrimination with foraging, lingual morphology and vomeronasal chemoreceptor abundance in lizards (1997)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 41 (1997), S. 257-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Chemosensory behavior ; Vomerolfaction ; Tongue ; Foraging mode ; Lizards
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Comparative data from ten families of lizards suggest that correlated evolution has occurred between the ability to identify prey chemicals and several aspects of lingual function and morphology, abundance of vomeronasal chemoreceptor cells, and foraging behavior. Ability to discriminate prey chemicals from control substances was measured experimentally and correlated with other variables by Felsenstein's method. This ability increased with evolutionary increases in degree of lingual protrusion during tongue-flicking, which may reflect the tongue's ability to reach substrates to be sampled. It increased with deepened lingual forking and greater lingual elongation, which may be important for scent-trailing and sampling ability, respectively. Discriminatory ability also increased with abundance of vomerolfactory chemoreceptors, which presumably reflects some aspects of analytical capacities of the vomeronasal system. Prey chemical discrimination increased with degree of active foraging. Natural selection for improved vomerolfactory sampling and analysis of prey chemicals by active, but not ambush, foragers appears to account for the observed relationships. In active foragers that use vomerolfaction to locate prey, natural selection favors increased abilities to lingually sample chemicals from environmental substrates, analyze the samples for prey chemicals, and respond appropriately if prey chemicals or possible prey chemicals are detected. Such selection can account for the observed relationships among the sampling device and its movements, the sense, the discriminations, and variations in foraging ecology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650050387
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
Schließen ⊗
Diese Webseite nutzt Cookies und das Analyse-Tool Matomo. Weitere Informationen finden Sie hier...