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  • PANGAEA  (115)
  • Nature  (1)
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  • 1
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    R-code to: All sporomorph data and quantitative analysis of the Eocene record from Site U1356 (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/zip
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
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    Gateway-driven weakening of ocean gyres leads to Southern Ocean cooling (2021)
    Nature
    In:  EPIC3Nature Communications, Nature, 12(6465), pp. 1-8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-11
    Description: Declining atmospheric CO2 concentrations are considered the primary driver for the Cenozoic Greenhouse-Icehouse transition, ~34 million years ago. A role for tectonically opening Southern Ocean gateways, initiating the onset of a thermally isolating Antarctic Circumpolar Current, has been disputed as ocean models have not reproduced expected heat transport to the Antarctic coast. Here we use high-resolution ocean simulations with detailed paleo- bathymetry to demonstrate that tectonics did play a fundamental role in reorganising Southern Ocean circulation patterns and heat transport, consistent with available proxy data. When at least one gateway (Tasmanian or Drake) is shallow (300 m), gyres transport warm waters towards Antarctica. When the second gateway subsides below 300 m, these gyres weaken and cause a dramatic cooling (average of 2–4 °C, up to 5 °C) of Antarctic surface waters whilst the ACC remains weak. Our results demonstrate that tectonic changes are crucial for Southern Ocean climate change and should be carefully considered in constraining long-term climate sensitivity to CO2.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    Sporomorph counts, diversity, DCA and climate estimate calculations from ODP Hole 113-696B (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: A total of 35 samples from the late-middle Eocene to earliest Oligocene (643.73-520.88 mbsf) were analysed for their pollen and spore content. Slides were analysed using a Leica DM500 and Leica DM2000 transmitted light microscopes at 200x and 1000x magnification. Where possible, counts of 300 (excluding reworked grains) sporomorphs were made. Only samples containing 50 or more in situ sporomorphs were used for further analysis and evaluation. Sporomorph diversity was measured using both the Shannon–Wiener index and the observed number of taxa. A rarefaction method for sums of ≥50 and ≥100 grains was applied, so that the effect caused by differences in the sample size may be removed allowing the estimation of the number of sporomorph species at a constant sample size. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) was performed, with downweighting of rare species by removing pollen types whose representation is 〈5%. Estimates for terrestrial mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), warmest month mean temperature (WMMT) and coldest month mean temperature (CMMT) were obtained using the NLR approach in conjunction with the Probability Density Function (PDF) method.
    Keywords: Antarctica; Drake Passage; Eocene-Oligocene Transition; palynology
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 4
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    Lipid biomarker results from the Oligocene and Miocene of IODP Hole 318-U1356 (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: Concentrations of isoGDGTs and brGDGTs, All samples and corresponding depths, ages, lithology (* = generally greener intervals or very small intervals with laminations that were not incorporated into the log of Salabarnada et al., 2018), method used, isoprenoid and branched GDGT integrated values, TEX86, BIT, Methane Index (MI), GDGT-2/Crenarchaeol ratios GDGT-0/Crenarchaeol ratios and GDGT-2/GDGT-3 ratios, and #rings-tetra values. Discarded samples are indicated in the Outlier column. Discards based on BIT and #rings-tetra are indicated with an 'a'. Discarded samples with GDGT-0/Crenarchaeol ratio above 2.0 are indicated with a 'b', those with MI values above 0.3 are indicated with a 'c', those with GDGT-2/crenarchaeol ratios above 0.4 with 'd' and those with ΔRI value above 0.6 with an 'O'. Discarded samples taken from mass waste deposits are underlined.Note that data from mass waste deposits are included in this dataset, but may have to be discarded.
    Keywords: 318-U1356A; Age model; Age model, Gradstein et al. (2012) GTS2012; Analytical method; Antarctica; Branched and isoprenoid tetraether index; Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, Ia (peak area); Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIa (peak area); Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIa (peak area); Crenarchaeol (peak area); Crenarchaeol isomer (peak area); Cyclopentane rings in tetramethylated branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Exp318; GDGT; IODP; Isoprenoid acyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Isoprenoid dicyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Isoprenoid monocyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Isoprenoid tricyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Joides Resolution; Main Lithology; Methane index; Miocene; Oligocene; Ratio; Ring index; Sample code/label; Sample comment; Tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms; U1356; Wilkes Land
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3260 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Raw pollen and sporen counts from ODP Hole 113-696B (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 113-696B; Acaena spp.; AGE; Alisporites cf. Australis; Antarctica; Araucariacites australis; Arecipites spp.; Baculatisporites comaumensis; Beaupreaidites cf. verrucosus; Beaupreaidites diversiformis; Camarozonosporites sp.; Ceratosporites cf. equalis; Chenopodipollis chenopodiaceoides; Clavatipollenites ascarinoides; Coptospora archangelskyi; Counting, light microscope; Cupanieidites orthoteichus; Cyathidites australis; Cyathidites minor; Cyathidites splendens; Cyathidites subtilis; Dacrydiumites florinii; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dictyophyllidites arcuatus; Dilwynites granulatus; Drake Passage; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Eocene-Oligocene Transition; Ericipites cf. scabratus; Foveotriletes lacunosus; Gleicheniidites spp.; Integricorpus sp.; Ischyosporites gremius; Joides Resolution; Laevigatosporites major; Laevigatosporites ovatus; Lateropora glabra; Leg113; Ligulifloridites sp.; Liliacidites intermedius; Lymingtonia cf. cenozoica; Malvacipollis cf. subtilis; Microalatidites paleogenicus; Microcachryidites antarcticus; Monolites alveolatus; Myricipites harrisii; Myrtaceidites cf. mesonesus; Nothofagidites asperus complex; Nothofagidites brachyspinulosus complex; Nothofagidites emarcidus complex; Nothofagidites flemingii; Nothofagidites lachlaniae complex; Nothofagidites rocaensis complex; Nothofagidites spp.; Osmundacidites cf. wellmanii; palynology; Parsonsidites psilatus; Peninsulapollis gillii; Periporopollenites polyoratus; Peromonolites cf. densus; Phyllocladidites cf. mawsonii; Phyllocladidites mawsonii; Podocarpidites cf. exiguus; Podocarpidites marwickii complex; Podocarpidites rugulatus complex; Podocarpidites spp.; Podosporites cf. brevisaccatus; Podosporites cf. ohikaensis; Podosporites parvus; Pollen and spores; Polycolporopollenites; Polypodiisporites cf. radiatus; Proteacidites adenanthoides; Proteacidites cf. amolosexinus; Proteacidites cf. Lewalanipollis trycheros; Proteacidites cf. Scabratriporites spp.; Proteacidites minimus; Proteacidites obscurus; Proteacidites parvus; Proteacidites reticuloscabratus; Proteacidites scaboratus; Proteacidites sp.; Proteacidites spiniferus; Proteacidites tenuiexinus; Proteacidites tuberculatus; Retitriletes spp.; Rugulatisporites spp.; Sample code/label; Scabramonoletes; Sparganiaceaepollenites barungensis; Stereisporites antiquasporites; Stereisporites regium; Trichotomosulcites subgranulatus; Tricolpites cf. asperamarginis; Tricolpites cf. brevicolpus; Tricolpites cf. delicatulus; Tricolpites fissilis; Tricolpites inargutus; Tricolpites lilliei; Tricolpites reticulatus; Tricolpites sp.; Tricolpites spp.; Tricolporites cf. scabratus; Tricolporites sp.; Triorites sp.; Tripunctisporis maastrichtiensis; Weddell Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3535 data points
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  • 6
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    Reworked pollen and sporen counts from ODP Hole 113-696B (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 113-696B; AGE; Antarctica; Biretisporites cf. labruplenus; Brevitriletes bulliensis; Brevitriletes sp.; Calamospora spp.; Cibotiumspora cf. intrastriatus; Cicatricosisporites sp.; Classopollis spp.; Clavatipollenites hughesii; Coptospora striata; Counting, light microscope; Cyatheacidites annulatus; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dictyophyllidites cf. harrisii; Drake Passage; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Eocene-Oligocene Transition; Granulatisporites trisinus; Joides Resolution; Leg113; Leptolepidites verrucatus; Lycopodiacidites cf. bullerensis; Lycopodiacidites cristatus; Lycopodiumsporites pseudoreticulatus; palynology; Pollen, bisaccate undifferentiated; Pollen and spores; Protohaploxypinus cf. samoilovichii; Protohaploxypinus spp.; Retitriletes cf. eminulus; Retitriletes cf. reticulumsporites; Rugulatisporites cf. trisinus; Sample code/label; Spores, trilete undifferentiated; Tricolpites cf. pachyexinus; Trilites verrucatus; Weddell Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 945 data points
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  • 7
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    Diversity, DCA and climate estimate calculations from ODP Hole 113-696B (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 113-696B; AGE; Antarctica; Calculated; Correspondance analysis factor; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Detrended Correspondence Analysis; Drake Passage; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Eocene-Oligocene Transition; Joides Resolution; Leg113; palynology; Precipitation, annual mean; Precipitation, annual mean, standard deviation; Rarefaction; Sample code/label; Shannon Diversity Index; Temperature, annual mean; Temperature, annual mean, standard deviation; Temperature, coldest month; Temperature, coldest month, standard deviation; Temperature, warmest month; Temperature, warmest month, standard deviation; Weddell Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 368 data points
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  • 8
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    Geochemical and palynological measurements from the ODP Leg 189 at Site 1172 on the East Tasman Plateau (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Sluijs, Appy; Bijl, Peter K; Schouten, Stefan; Röhl, Ursula; Reichart, Gert-Jan; Brinkhuis, Henk (2011): Southern ocean warming, sea level and hydrological change during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum. Climate of the Past, 7(1), 47-61, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-47-2011
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A brief (~150 kyr) period of widespread global average surface warming marks the transition between the Paleocene and Eocene epochs, ~56 million years ago. This so-called "Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum" (PETM) is associated with the massive injection of 13C-depleted carbon, reflected in a negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Biotic responses include a global abundance peak (acme) of the subtropical dinoflagellate Apectodinium. Here we identify the PETM in a marine sedimentary sequence deposited on the East Tasman Plateau at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1172 and show, based on the organic paleothermometer TEX86, that southwest Pacific sea surface temperatures increased from ~26 °C to ~33°C during the PETM. Such temperatures before, during and after the PETM are 〉10 °C warmer than predicted by paleoclimate model simulations for this latitude. In part, this discrepancy may be explained by potential seasonal biases in the TEX86 proxy in polar oceans. Additionally, the data suggest that not only Arctic, but also Antarctic temperatures may be underestimated in simulations of ancient greenhouse climates by current generation fully coupled climate models. An early influx of abundant Apectodinium confirms that environmental change preceded the CIE on a global scale. Organic dinoflagellate cyst assemblages suggest a local decrease in the amount of river run off reaching the core site during the PETM, possibly in concert with eustatic rise. Moreover, the assemblages suggest changes in seasonality of the regional hydrological system and storm activity. Finally, significant variation in dinoflagellate cyst assemblages during the PETM indicates that southwest Pacific climates varied significantly over time scales of 103 - 104 years during this event, a finding comparable to similar studies of PETM successions from the New Jersey Shelf.
    Keywords: 189-1172D; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg189; MARUM; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Tasman Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 9
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    Temperature and CO2 estimation for the Middle Eocene section of ODP Hole 189-1172A (2010)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bijl, Peter K; Houben, Peter; Schouten, Stefan; Bohaty, Steven M; Sluijs, Appy; Reichart, Gert-Jan; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S; Brinkhuis, Henk (2010): Transient Middle Eocene atmospheric CO2 and temperature variations. Science, 330(6005), 819-821, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1193654
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The long-term warmth of the Eocene (~56 to 34 million years ago) is commonly associated with elevated partial pressure of atmospheric carbon dioxide (pCO2). However, a direct relationship between the two has not been established for short-term climate perturbations. We reconstructed changes in both pCO2 and temperature over an episode of transient global warming called the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO; ~40 million years ago). Organic molecular paleothermometry indicates a warming of southwest Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs) by 3° to 6°C. Reconstructions of pCO2 indicate a concomitant increase by a factor of 2 to 3. The marked consistency between SST and pCO2 trends during the MECO suggests that elevated pCO2 played a major role in global warming during the MECO.
    Keywords: 189-1172A; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg189; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Tasman Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 10
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    Palynological and geochemical results of middle Eocene sediments of ODP Hole 159-959D, equatorial Atlantic Ocean (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Cramwinckel, Margot J; Van der Ploeg, Robin; Bijl, Peter K; Peterse, Francien; Bohaty, Steven M; Röhl, Ursula; Schouten, Stefan; Middelburg, Jack J; Sluijs, Appy (2019): Harmful algae and export production collapse in the equatorial Atlantic during the zenith of Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum warmth. Geology, 47(3), 247-250, https://doi.org/10.1130/G45614.1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: New palynological, sedimentological, and geochemical records spanning the Middle Eocene climatic optimum (MECO; ca. 40 Ma) in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean indicate that peak warming was associated with upper-ocean stratification, decreased export production, and possibly harmful algal blooms, followed by slight oxygen minimum zone expansion. Combining these findings with published MECO records suggests that export production collapse and benthos starvation during the zenith of MECO warmth were widespread in the Atlantic. Furthermore, comparison to records across the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (ca. 56 Ma) at the same site suggests a similar system response to warming, but with different impact on benthic communities.
    Keywords: 159-959D; Eocene; MECO; Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; ODP Site 959
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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