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  • Elsevier  (630)
  • Molecular Diversity Preservation International  (121)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (29)
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  • 1
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    Coding and Non-Coding RNA Abnormalities in Bipolar Disorder (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-19
    Beschreibung: The molecular mechanisms underlying bipolar disorder (BPD) have remained largely unknown. Postmortem brain tissue studies comparing BPD patients with healthy controls have produced a heterogeneous array of potentially implicated protein-coding RNAs. We hypothesized that dysregulation of not only coding, but multiple classes of RNA (coding RNA, long non-coding (lnc) RNA, circular (circ) RNA, and/or alternative splicing) underlie the pathogenesis of BPD. Using non-polyadenylated libraries we performed RNA sequencing in postmortem human medial frontal gyrus tissue from BPD patients and healthy controls. Twenty genes, some of which not previously implicated in BPD, were differentially expressed (DE). PCR validation and replication confirmed the implication of these DE genes. Functional in silico analyses identified enrichment of angiogenesis, vascular system development and histone H3-K4 demethylation. In addition, ten lncRNA transcripts were differentially expressed. Furthermore, an overall increased number of alternative splicing events in BPD was detected, as well as an increase in the number of genes carrying alternative splicing events. Finally, a large reservoir of circRNAs populating brain tissue not affected by BPD is described, while in BPD altered levels of two circular transcripts, cNEBL and cEPHA3, are reported. cEPHA3, hitherto unlinked to BPD, is implicated in developmental processes in the central nervous system. Although we did not perform replication analyses of non-coding RNA findings, our findings hint that RNA dysregulation in BPD is not limited to coding regions, opening avenues for future pharmacological investigations and biomarker research.
    Digitale ISSN: 2073-4425
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparison of coolants for achieving short-wavelength recombination lasing (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A promising approach for reducing the operating wavelength of x-ray lasers is the generation of population inversions via recombination in rapidly cooling plasmas. We have examined the relative merits of radiative and hydrodynamic cooling in a freely expanding plasma. The specific lasing scheme studied is recombination in heliumlike silicon, but the general results apply to other elements and ionization stages which are capable of generating gain in the soft x-ray region. We find that the higher radiative cooling rates obtained by mixing the silicon lasant with a high atomic number coolant are more than offset by the reduced expansion cooling brought on by the higher mass density associated with the high-Z elements. Specific results are presented for hydrogen, carbon, aluminum, and selenium coolants mixed with silicon lasant. The present results do not apply to magnetically confined lasant plasmas where high-Z radiators might be valuable.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347139
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An efficient tabulated collisional radiative equilibrium radiation transport model suitable for multidimensional hydrodynamics calculations (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 3480-3489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A computationally efficient method for transporting radiation in multidimensional plasmas has been developed and evaluated. The basis of this method is a uniform plasma approximation that allows one to utilize existing escape probability techniques that are successfully used in one-dimensional (1D) calculations to approximately solve the multidimensional radiation transport problem. This method is superior to diffusion methods because (1) the probability of escape technique insures that the plasma goes to the correct optically thin and thick limits, (2) the effects of line absorption due to photoexcitations are modeled, and (3) this method uses source functions that are based on a self-consistent nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium calculation, not an ad hoc assumption that the source functions are Planckian. This method is highly efficient because equation of state information from 1D calculations is tabulated as a function of plasma internal energy, ion density, and the line probability of escape from a uniform plasma, and then used in multidimensional calculations. Given the internal energy and ion density, and by calculating the line probability of escape from a zone of the multidimensional plasma, the equation of state, including emissivities and absorption coefficients, of the zone is determined from the table. Total radiative power, K-shell radiative power, total radiative yield, K-shell radiative yield, and plasma density and temperature profiles obtained from 1D Z-pinch calculations employing this method are in good agreement with the same powers, yields, and profiles calculated using a full radiation transport model. This method has been implemented in the 2D plasma radiating imploding source model code [F. L. Cochran et al., Phys. Plasmas 2, 2765 (1995)] to determine the influence of radiation transport in argon Z-pinch experiments performed on the Z machine [R. B. Spielman et al., Phys. Plasmas 5, 2105 (1998)] at Sandia National Laboratories. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1373415
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Model of enhanced energy deposition in a Z-pinch plasma (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 7 (2000), S. 3265-3277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: In numerous experiments, magnetic energy coupled to strongly radiating Z-pinch plasmas exceeds the thermalized kinetic energy, sometimes by a factor of 2–3. An analytical model describing this additional energy deposition based on the concept of macroscopic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulent pinch heating proposed by Rudakov and Sudan [Phys. Reports 283, 253 (1997)] is presented. The pinch plasma is modeled as a foam-like medium saturated with toroidal "magnetic bubbles" produced by the development of surface m=0 Rayleigh-Taylor and MHD instabilities. As the bubbles converge to the pinch axis, their magnetic energy is converted to thermal energy of the plasma through pdV work. Explicit formulas for the average dissipation rate of this process and the corresponding contribution to the resistance of the load, which compare favorably to the experimental data and simulation results, are presented. The possibility of using this enhanced (relative to Ohmic heating) dissipation mechanism to power novel plasma radiation sources and produce high K-shell yields using long current rise time machines is discussed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.874192
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of L-shell dynamics on K-shell yields for imploding krypton Z-pinch plasmas (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 1766-1774 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The radiative performance of a Z-pinch krypton puff gas heated by a proposed multiterawatt generator is investigated with the aid of a one-dimensional (1-D) non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE) radiation hydrodynamic model self-consistently coupled to a circuit model. For stable loads configured either as cylindrical annular shells or uniform fills, predictions are made for the K- and L-shell soft x-ray emission as a function of the L-shell level structure. The results of numerical simulations show that both the thin annular shell and uniform fill are prolific K- and L-shell radiators. It is also predicted that the L-shell level structure profoundly affects the optimum K-shell soft x-ray yield, as well as the choices for load mass corresponding to optimum emission. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871325
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electron energy deposition in an electron-beam pumped KrF amplifier: Impact of the gas composition (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1200-1206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Calculations for electron deposition in electron beam generated KrF laser at atmospheric pressure have been performed. The impact of the Ar/Kr/F2 gas mixture on the electron energy distribution function, electron density, and mean energy, energy per electron–ion pair, attachment, dissociation, excitation, and ionization rates have been investigated. The F2 abundance controls the low energy ((approximately-less-than)9 eV) component of the distribution function, while both the fluorine and krypton mole fraction affect the distribution in the midenergy domain (9 to ∼25 eV). Consequently, the F2 attachment rate coefficient varies with the F2 mole fraction (xF2) such that the electron density scales as 1/xF20.7. The rate coefficient for direct dissociation of F2 is smaller than for attachment but the former contributes more to the total power dissipation (∼8% at xF2=0.01). The excitation-to-ionization ratio for Kr is not constant, as generally assumed, but increases by a factor of two with a decrease in either the Kr or F2 abundance. Combining the former and present investigations leads to a set of fitting formulas to be used in beam kinetics codes for various collision rates as a function of both the electron beam power density and the composition. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1491592
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    InP/GaAs self-assembled nanostructures: Modelization and experiment (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 1931-1933 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The initial stages of the three-dimensional metal organic vapor phase epitaxy growth of InP/GaAs have been studied by atomic force microscopy and Rutherford backscattering. The results are compared with the predictions of an equilibrium model that predicts an in-plane critical size for island formation. At low growth rates the model fits well the experiments while it needs to be further developed to include kinetic effects at higher growth rates. The experiments indicate a Stranski–Krastanow growth mode with a critical thickness of 2.1 ML. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362944
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A 35 ps, Q-switched, continuous-pumped neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser using an electro-optic ring modulator (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 13-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: An electro-optical ring modulator, used as a cavity output coupler, has permitted simultaneous active mode locking, Q switching, and cavity dumping of a continuous-pumped neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser. We have obtained output pulses of 4 MW peak power and 35 ps duration at repetition rates up to 2.5 kHz.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99323
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Refractive index and thickness of films using a double parallel-plate refractometer (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 1262-1263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A parallel-plate refractometer has been developed which can be used to measure the refractive index of liquid and solid films with an accuracy of 0.4%. The refractometer, which is a modification of the Pfund single-plate refractometer, provides the ability to measure film thicknesses which range between 0.1 and several millimeters.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140301
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Photoluminescence and electronic density of states in a-C:H films (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 2520-2522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The density of states in the energy region near Fermi level for hydrogenated amorphous carbon thin films is presented. The different types of states are identified in their origin and the problem of their detection is considered. It is shown that only some of these states are accessible to detection by electron spin resonance. A quantitative correlation between their density and the quantum efficiency of the room temperature photoluminescence process is achieved. Such correlation applies to films having a wide range of physical properties deposited by different techniques. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121405
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