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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 1755-1760 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The HO2 self-reaction HO2+HO2→H2O2+O2 was studied in shock waves between 750 and 1120 K. Two different HO2 sources were used, the thermal dissociation of CH3O2CH3 in the presence of excess O2 and the thermal dissociation of H2O2. The reaction is characterized by a curved Arrhenius plot of the rate constant k. The combination with low temperature data shows a deep minimum of k near 700 K. The rate constant, at 1 bar gas pressure, between 300 and 1100 K can be represented as k/cm3 mol−1 s−1=4.2×1014 exp(−6030 K/T) +1.3×1011 exp(+820 K/T). The first term in the present work was derived from measured ratios of k/ε and was evaluated with ε (HO2, 230 nm, 1000 K)=670 1 mol−1 cm−1. Furthermore, a value of the rate constant of 3×1012 cm3 mol−1 s−1 was derived near 1100 K for the reaction HO+H2O2→HO2+H2O; for the reaction HO+HO2→H2O+O2 a value of 3×1013 cm3 mol−1 s−1 was obtained.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thermal composition fluctuations were studied in the blend of polybutadiene (PB) and polystyrene (PS) in temperature and pressure fields using the technique of small angle neutron scattering. The blends had a critical composition and were mixed with different amounts of the nonselective solvent ortho-dichloro-benzene. In this part we discuss the critical behavior as measured along the critical isochore and interpret the results in terms of a crossover function describing the transition between mean field and 3D-Ising behavior. In particular, we will discuss the Ginzburg number and the critical amplitudes of the susceptibility and correlation length. For the Ginzburg number Gi we found a much stronger increase with solvent content as predicted while the pressure fields always lead to a decrease of Gi as expected. In "pure" PB/PS blends we found a further crossover to a so-called renormalized Ising behavior; such a crossover proposes density fluctuations of the total polymer concentration near the critical point. This crossover was not observed in the blend–solvent mixtures. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two polymer blends of polybutadiene and polystyrene are investigated by small angle neutron scattering as a function of pressure and solvent content. We measured the thermal composition fluctuations, which we described with crossover functions. Whereas the crossover behavior of the susceptibility and the correlation length was the subject of Paper I [J. Chem. Phys. 116, 2229 (2002)], here we discuss the phase boundaries and the extracted mean-field effective Flory–Huggins parameter and radius of gyration for the asymptotic behavior at high temperatures. Using a lattice model and the lattice cluster theory of Bawendi and Freed, we developed some general expressions for the dependence of the Flory–Huggins parameter on the excess free volume and on the solvent content. A compensation of the free volume by the solvent molecules was observed. Finally, a discussion of the Clausius–Clapeyron equation allows for a check of the crossover function used to extract mean-field quantities for comparison with theory. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 1839-1841 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have applied the technique of laser-induced etching to fabricate rib waveguides on a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure system. Light confinement of these guides was controlled by varying the depth of the etched trenches. Additionally, we have demonstrated directional couplers and two-level waveguides using the in situ depth control of this single-step process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 1826-1828 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We describe for the first time the theory of frequency modulation (FM) response in distributed feedback (DFB) lasers with two active segments. FM response is enhanced due to two-segment operation; the enhancement decreases at higher modulation frequencies and higher photon densities. Bandwidth of the response can extend to the multigigahertz range. The FM response is dramatically different in lasers operating in the red- and blue-shifted static tuning regimes. We find good agreement between the theory and our measurements of multigigahertz FM response of two-segment DFB lasers.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 984-986 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Laser-induced photochemical etching was used to etch GaAs/AlGaAs multilayered material. In this carrier-driven process, the confinement of photogenerated holes to the alternating GaAs layers resulted in the controlled lateral etching of buried GaAs layers. An application of this etching technique to forming microcleaved laser facets is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 10171-10187 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have investigated the dynamics of polymers in bimodal polyethylene (PE) melts in the transition region from Rouse- to reptationlike behavior by varying the mass fraction Φt of long tracer chains (N(approximate)3Ne or 4Ne) in a short-chain matrix (N(approximate)Ne=entanglement segment number) over the full concentration range. At short times (ns) the dynamic structure factor for single-chain relaxation was investigated by neutron-spin-echo (NSE) spectroscopy. To obtain information about the long-time (ms) dynamics the tracer diffusion coefficient (DNMR) was measured by pulsed-field-gradient (PFG)-NMR. We discuss our NSE data within a mode analysis which includes the relaxation rates Wp of the independent normal modes of the internal chain dynamics and the center-of-mass diffusion coefficient DNSE as model parameters. Only modes exceeding the Φt-dependent length of a single entanglement strand Ne(Φt) are found to be strongly hindered by topological constraints. The DNSE are Φt-independent and systematically faster than the strong concentration-dependent DNMR, suggesting an effective time-dependent diffusion coefficient. The Hess model, which we have generalized for polydisperse melts, provides a time-dependent diffusion coefficient. Taking chain-end effects into account we get an excellent description of the NSE data. The mobility of the chain ends is much higher than the mobility of the inner segments resulting in an entanglement segment number which increases with decreasing tracer concentration. The concentration dependence of Ne(Φt), as obtained from the mode analysis and the Hess model, is in agreement with our calculation within a self-consistent modification of the model by Kavassalis and Noolandi for entanglement formation. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 5660-5669 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Infrared spectra of the short-lived difluoroethyne molecule have been recorded in neon and argon matrices between 200 and 5000 cm−1. Fourier transform infrared spectra with a resolution of 0.004 cm−1 have been measured in the gas phase around 1350 cm−1 (ν3, ν2+ν4+ν5, hot bands) and 2150 cm−1 (ν2+ν3, ν1−ν5, hot bands). The high resolution study yields rotational parameters of the ground and all singly excited vibrational states. The interpretation of the experimental data has been guided by ab initio calculations at the SCF (self-consistent-field) level and the correlated MP2 level (Moller–Plesset second order perturbation theory) employing three different large basis sets. The theoretical calculations provide the SCF and MP2 harmonic fields as well as the SCF anharmonic force field of FCCF. The agreement between the available theoretical and experimental results is generally quite good, with the exception of the spectroscopic constants involving the trans-bending mode ν4 where more theoretical work is required. The combined use of theoretical and experimental information leads to an estimate of the equilibrium structure [D∞h, re(CC)=1.1865 A(ring), re(CF)=1.2832 A(ring)] and to recommended "best'' values for the wave numbers of all fundamental vibrations based on the matrix and high resolution infrared data and some ab initio anharmonicity constants. The present study demonstrates the advantages of a combined theoretical and experimental approach to the spectroscopy of short-lived molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 53 (1988), S. 1198-1200 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated laser-assisted photochemical etching of InP in aqueous solutions without external electric fields. The process produces highly directional, high-aspect features with smooth vertical walls. Additionally, we demonstrate that the laser etching rate may be controlled externally by the application of a secondary light source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-10-08
    Description: An improved dual-gas quasi-phase matching (QPM) foil target for high harmonic generation (HHG) is presented. The target can be setup with 12 individual gas inlets each feeding multiple nozzles separated by a minimum distance of 10 μm. Three-dimensional gas density profiles of these jets were measured using a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer. These measurements reveal how the jets influence the density of gas in adjacent jets and how this leads to increased local gas densities. The analysis shows that the gas profiles of the jets are well defined up to a distance of about 300 μm from the orifice. This target design offers experimental flexibility, not only for HHG/QPM investigations, but also for a wide range of experiments due to the large number of possible jet configurations. We demonstrate the application to controlled phase tuning in the extreme ultraviolet using a 1 kHz-10 mJ-30 fs-laser system where interference between two jets in the spectral range from 17 to 30 nm was observed.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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