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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A time dependent propagator method for long mean free path transport of neutral particles in plasma processing reactors (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 3423-3431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Plasma etching reactors for microelectronics fabrication are moving towards operating at lower gas pressures (〈10 mTorr). These pressures are sufficiently low that simulations using continuum modeling techniques may not be strictly applicable. A time dependent kinetic method based on the use of a transition matrix (propagator) has been developed and applied to the calculation of long mean free path transport of neutral species in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching reactor. The propagator P(r,r′) provides the probability that particles originating at location r′ will have their next collision at location r. The species densities obtained from this model are compared with results from fluid and Monte Carlo simulations for various mean free paths. We find that the propagator model is valid when the mean free path of the particles is larger than the numerical cell dimension and that fluid methods for long mean free path transport can be corrected to obtain the Monte Carlo or propagator results by employing an effective diffusion coefficient. Time dependent results are generating by employing a retarded time in which flights of particles beginning at past times from remote locations are used to determine the present value of the local collision frequency. Self-consistent neutral densities in ICP discharges for various pressures are obtained by employing the propagator model in a hybrid ICP model. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361389
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  • 2
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    High-speed modulation from the fast mode extraction of a photonic crystal light-emitting diode (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-07
    Description: Using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for visible light communication has become an alternative choice of radio source due to channel crowding of the radio-frequency (RF) signal. The modulation bandwidth of LEDs is usually limited by the spontaneous carrier lifetime in multiple quantum wells. Here, sub-GHz modulation of GaN-based LED employing photonic crystal (PhC) nanostructure is demonstrated. The guided photonic modes of the LEDs are modulated by the RF signal. Both carrier lifetime of lower- and higher-order modes are studied in time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) at room temperature. The f - 3 dB - J curve of the PhC LED exhibits a higher bandwidth than the typical LED structure. At 11.41 kA/cm 2 , the optical −3-dB bandwidth ( f - 3 dB ) up to 234 MHz of the PhC LED (PhCLED) is achieved. Our studies on TRPL at different wavelengths and frequency response at different injection current densities conclude that the higher operation speed is attributed to faster radiative carrier recombination of extracted guided modes from the PhC nanostructure.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Orbital control of Rashba spin orbit coupling in noble metal surfaces (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-01
    Description: Rashba spin orbit coupling (SOC) in noble metal surfaces is of great importance for the application of metal films in spintronic devices. By combining the density-functional theory calculations with our recently developed orbital selective external potential method, we investigate the Rashba SOC in the Shockley surface states of Au(111) and Ag(111). We find that the large Rashba SOC in the sp -character surface states of Au(111) is mainly contributed by the minor d -orbitals in the surface states. While for the sd -character surface states, although they are dominated by the d -orbitals, Rashba splitting is found to be rather small. Band structure analysis reveals that this is mainly because the sd -character surface states are well below the Fermi level and can be less influenced by the asymmetric surface potential. We demonstrate that the Rashba SOC in noble metal surfaces can be effectively manipulated by shifting the d -orbitals in the surface states, which can be physically implemented through surface decoration. Our investigation provides a deep understanding on Rashba SOC in noble metal surfaces and could be helpful to their applications in spintronic devices.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 4
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    Electron transport coefficients under super-Gaussian distribution and magnetic field (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-25
    Description: An electron thermal transport theory based on the super-Gaussian electron distribution function f 0 ∝ e − v m is investigated for magnetized laser plasmas in order to obtain accurate transport coefficients used in the radiation hydrodynamic codes. It is found that the super-Gaussian distribution suppresses the diffusive heat flow and the Righi-Leduc heat flow. The diffusive heat flow and Righi-Leduc heat flow can be suppressed by as much as 50% and 75% under the typical hohlraum plasma condition, respectively. The super-Gaussian distribution introduces isothermal heat flows associated with the gradients of electron density and the super-Gaussian exponential factor m . And the isothermal heat flows induce the anomalous Nernst effects. Moreover, the self-generated magnetic field in laser plasmas can be generated not only by the thermalelectric effect but also by the nonparallel gradients of electron temperature and the super-Gaussian exponential factor m , the nonparallel gradients of electron density, and the super-Gaussian exponential factor m .
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Insensitivity of the octahedral spherical hohlraum to power imbalance, pointing accuracy, and assemblage accuracy (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-18
    Description: The random radiation asymmetry in the octahedral spherical hohlraum [K. Lan et al. , Phys. Plasmas 21 , 0 10704 (2014)] arising from the power imbalance, pointing accuracy of laser quads, and the assemblage accuracy of capsule is investigated by using the 3-dimensional view factor model. From our study, for the spherical hohlraum, the random radiation asymmetry arising from the power imbalance of the laser quads is about half of that in the cylindrical hohlraum; the random asymmetry arising from the pointing error is about one order lower than that in the cylindrical hohlraum; and the random asymmetry arising from the assemblage error of capsule is about one third of that in the cylindrical hohlraum. Moreover, the random radiation asymmetry in the spherical hohlraum is also less than the amount in the elliptical hohlraum. The results indicate that the spherical hohlraum is more insensitive to the random variations than the cylindrical hohlraum and the elliptical hohlraum. Hence, the spherical hohlraum can relax the requirements to the power imbalance and pointing accuracy of laser facility and the assemblage accuracy of capsule.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 6
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    Spatially confined low-power optically pumped ultrafast synchrotron x-ray nanodiffraction (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-28
    Description: The combination of ultrafast optical excitation and time-resolved synchrotron x-ray nanodiffraction provides unique insight into the photoinduced dynamics of materials, with the spatial resolution required to probe individual nanostructures or small volumes within heterogeneous materials. Optically excited x-ray nanobeam experiments are challenging because the high total optical power required for experimentally relevant optical fluences leads to mechanical instability due to heating. For a given fluence, tightly focusing the optical excitation reduces the average optical power by more than three orders of magnitude and thus ensures sufficient thermal stability for x-ray nanobeam studies. Delivering optical pulses via a scannable fiber-coupled optical objective provides a well-defined excitation geometry during rotation and translation of the sample and allows the selective excitation of isolated areas within the sample. Experimental studies of the photoinduced lattice dynamics of a 35 nm BiFeO 3 thin film on a SrTiO 3 substrate demonstrate the potential to excite and probe nanoscale volumes.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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