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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Directed dynamic self-assembly of objects rotating on two parallel fluid interfaces (2002)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 116 (2002), S. 8571-8577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper describes dynamic self-assembly of millimeter-sized objects rotating at two parallel fluid interfaces and interacting with one another hydrodynamically, both in the plane of the interface and between the interfaces. The nature of hydrodynamic interactions between the objects rotating on different interfaces and, consequently, the morphologies of the ordered structures that self-assemble, depend on the sizes and the three-dimensional shapes of the rotating particles. Large particles rotating on one interface ("templates") can direct the self-assembly of smaller particles ("substrates") on the other interface. Two examples of directed self-assembly are discussed: (i) selective dimerization of disk spinning on the lower interface under the influence of cylinders rotating on the upper interface, and (ii) assembly of "substrate" rectangles into a pattern of squares that is identical with the pattern formed by the "template" squares. General, qualitative characteristics of the vortex–vortex interactions between objects of complex shapes are discussed. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1462607
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermally actuated interferometric sensors based on the thermal expansion of transparent elastomeric media (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 2031-2037 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In this article the fabrication and characterization of two thermally actuated optical devices for the measurement of temperature and power are described. A transparent polymer having a high coefficient of thermal expansion—poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)—was used as the temperature-sensitive medium. Changes in the dimensions of the polymer on heating caused the observed optical responses of both devices. The temperature sensor based on the Fabry–Pérot cavity measures temperature differences to a precision of 0.005 °C within the linear working ranges of the device. The power sensor uses the architecture of a Mach–Zender interferometer; it is suitable for measurements of powers in the mW/cm2 range, delivered optically to the surface of the device in the visible wavelength region. The devices are inexpensive, easy to fabricate, and mechanically rugged. They offer alternatives to other sensors for measuring temperature and power. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149706
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray grazing incidence diffraction from alkylsiloxane monolayers on silicon wafers (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 2854-2861 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: X-ray reflection (both specular and off-specular) and grazing incidence diffraction (GID) have been used to study the structure of alkylsiloxane monolayers (n-C18H37SiO1.5) formed by self-assembly from solution on silicon wafers. GID studies of complete monolayers reveal a single ring of scattering associated with the monolayer. The Lorentzian line shape of this ring indicates that the film is characterized by liquidlike order, with a typical translational correlation length of about 45 A(ring). The thermal coefficient of expansion of the monolayer, as determined from the GID peak position, is approximately equal to the value for liquid n-alkanes. Upon either heating or cooling, the monolayer correlation lengths decrease, suggesting that the differential thermal-expansion coefficients of the film and substrate figure prominently in thermal changes of the molecular ordering. GID data for incomplete monolayers also reveal a single ring of scattering associated with the monolayer. While both the translational correlation lengths and integrated peak areas are significantly reduced relative to complete monolayers, the peak positions of the incomplete monolayers are comparable to those of complete monolayers. Given the lower average areal density of incomplete monolayers, this finding implies that incomplete monolayers are inhomogeneous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.460886
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maskless photolithography: Embossed photoresist as its own optical element (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2893-2895 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This letter demonstrates that features embossed on the surface of a layer of photoresist can direct UV light in the photoresist layer. These topographical features act as optical elements: they focus/disperse and phase shift incident light in the optical near field, inside the resist layer. A number of different surface topographies have been examined, which give 50–250 nm features after exposure and development. This method gives patterns of complex features over large areas, in a parallel process, that can then be transferred into silicon or metal. It provides a method for controlling the intensity of light inside a thin film of photoresist. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122621
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum: X-ray grazing incidence diffraction from alkylsiloxane monolayers on silicon wafers [J. Chem. Phys. 95, 2854 (1991)] (1993)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 98 (1993), S. 1754-1754 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.465126
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastomeric binary phase gratings for measuring acceleration, displacement, strain, and stress (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 3310-3319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This article describes the fabrication and operating principles of a device suitable for measuring displacements, stresses, strains, accelerations, and forces. The device consists of an elastomeric material with a surface relief diffraction grating embossed on its surface. Mechanical compression of this element changes the way that it diffracts light. This article also describes designs and performance characteristics of simple accelerometers and pressure sensors based on these devices. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147413
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved adhesion of thin conformal organic films to metal surfaces (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 1381-1383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A technique is described for attaching thin, conformal, pin-hole-free electrically insulating polyethylene films to flat gold surfaces (previously modified by adsorption of a monolayer of an organic disulfide) by plasma polymerization. These polyethylene films are tough enough to support the attachment of gold electrodes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138605
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of arrays of two-dimensional micropatterns using microspheres as lenses for projection photolithography (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 2273-2275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This letter demonstrates the use of an array of transparent microspheres in forming repetitive, micrometer-scale patterns in photoresist, starting from masks with centimeter-scale patterns. A transparent microsphere with diameter d〉1.5 μm acts as a lens and reduces centimeter-scale images into micrometer-scale images on its image plane. A planar array of microspheres projects the image of an illuminated mask onto a corresponding array of micropatterns on their common image plane. We have prepared arrays of polystyrene microspheres (d=1.5–10 μm) embedded in a transparent membrane to generate repetitive patterns in photoresist, and have transferred the resulting patterns into metal films by liftoff. The optical system of this technique is related to that used in conventional projection photolithography, but differs in that the lens that accomplishes size reduction is positioned within 10 μm of the photoresist. The microspheres generate uniform patterns over an area of ∼2 cm2, using a mask with area ∼25×25 cm2 illuminated with a white light source. This method can generate submicron features either within a micropattern or between neighboring patterns. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1351525
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterned polymer growth on silicon surfaces using microcontact printing and surface-initiated polymerization (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 4201-4203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Patterned polymer films were grown on SiO2/Si surfaces by a process starting with microcontact printing (μCP) of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS), formation of a monolayer derived from norbornenyl trichlorosilane (Nbn–SiCl3) in areas not protected by OTS, activation of the surfaces derived from Nbn–SiCl3 with a ruthenium catalyst, and surface-initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization of derivatives of norbornene by the catalytically active ruthenium species. These patterned polymer films were successfully used as reactive ion etching resists. The combination of μCP and surface-initiated polymerization makes possible molecular-level control of polymer composition and thickness in both lateral and vertical directions: the smallest patterned lateral features were 2 μm lines; this width was determined by the features of the stamp used in μCP and is not the intrinsic limit of the method. The thickness of the polymer film was, typically, 5–100 nm and could be controlled by monomer concentration and reaction time. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125582
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of magnetic microfiltration systems using soft lithography (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 461-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Arrays of nickel posts were used as magnetic elements in a microfiltration device that is compatible with microfluidic systems. The combination of microtransfer molding—a soft lithography technique—and electrodeposition generated nickel posts ∼7 μm in height and ∼15 μm in diameter inside a microfluidic channel. Once magnetized by a magnetic field from an external, permanent, neodymium–iron–boron magnet, these nickel posts generated strong magnetic field gradients and efficiently trapped superparamagnetic beads moving past them in a flowing stream of water. These nickel post arrays were also used to separate magnetic beads from nonmagnetic beads. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1436282
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