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  • Elsevier  (144)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (15)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (13)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6090-6092 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We have investigated the effect of ion modification of multilayer growth and ion etching of multilayer interfaces on perpendicular anisotropy and giant magnetoresistance in sputter deposited Co/Pt and Co/Cu multilayers. These two properties are thought to be particularly sensitive to the form of the interface profile in multilayers. We find that the ion-assisted deposition conditions used degrade both perpendicular anisotropy and GMR through interface smoothing and mixing. In contrast, thermal annealing and first experiments in ion etching show that GMR can be increased by smoothing of the Co/Cu interfaces.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 9859-9869 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The atomic motions responsible for features seen in the spectra of network-forming liquids above the relaxational frequency domain are conventionally described as vibrational, with the nature of the vibrational modes described either as local vibrations of the tetrahedral units of the network or as extended, phonon-like vibrations, depending on the standpoint of the observer. The validity of these apparently conflicting pictures of the atomic motions is examined by an instantaneous normal mode (INM) analysis of the network-forming liquid ZnCl2. Projections of the INM eigenvectors onto the idealized modes provides a way of quantifying the relationship between the actual and idealized modes. It is shown that individual INMs do not remotely conform to the modes envisaged in the simple pictures. Nevertheless, at the more coarse-grained level of identifying contributions to the density of states, the simple pictures do provide a qualitative guide to the character of the features which are observed. These findings apply to the modes calculated with several different models of the interactions, and appear to be fairly general. A detailed examination of the nature of the INMs which appear in the frequency domain of the boson peak observed in ZnCl2 is carried out and it is shown that these modes have a mixed acoustic wave and local torsional character. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 4803-4811 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The light scattering (Raman) spectrum of ZnCl2 has been calculated in a computer simulation directly from molecular dynamics and by using an instantaneous normal modes (INM) approach. Good agreement between the spectra is reported. The calculations use a realistic model for the fluctuating polarizability of ZnCl2, derived from earlier work on simpler ionic melts. This contains several mechanisms which couple the radiation field to the ionic motion—short-range, dipole-induced dipole and hyperpolarization. INM analysis of ZnCl2 has previously shown how the character of the underlying vibrational modes changes across the density of states. Here it is shown that the efficiency of the coupling of a given mode to the radiation field depends strongly on its character and on the polarizability mechanism, so that the Raman spectra predicted for the different mechanisms differ markedly. A consequence is that the discrete Raman bands observed at high frequency in the polarized spectrum do not coincide with the spectrum of the localized, quasi-molecular ZnCl4 units of the network. Furthermore, the "light-vibration" coupling, relating the reduced Raman spectrum to the underlying vibrational density of states, is appreciably frequency dependent and different for each mechanism. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 9027-9038 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The dynamic structure factors, S(Q,ω), at a range of scattering vectors (Q) in the range 0.2〈Q〈3.0 Å−1 are calculated in a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the viscous, network-forming liquid, ZnCl2. At intermediate Q (0.2〈Q〈0.5 Å−1), Brillouin features, with shifts and widths proportional to Q and Q2, respectively, are observed. These features persist above the frequency of the "boson peak," in apparent discord with some suggestions for its origin. At high values of Q, close to the first peak of the static structure factor, a Q-dependent feature is seen in the inelastic part of S(Q,ω). This is analogous to a recent experimental observation on the similar, network-forming system B2O3 which was assigned to a "sound mode" contribution. An instantaneous normal mode (INM) analysis was applied to understand the relationship between these observations and the nature of the underlying modes of the liquid. The INM analysis accurately reproduces the observed (in MD) behavior of S(Q,ω) but does not support the existence of well-defined, plane-wave-like sound modes in the fluid in the relevant régimes of Q and ω. Alternative explanations of the origin of the Brillouin and S(Q)-dependent features are proposed on the basis of the INM results, and results related to the origin of the boson peak in the density of states are presented. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 8068-8081 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A representation of the short-range repulsion energy in an ionic system is described which allows for the fact that an ion may be compressed by its neighbours. The total energy of the system is expressed in a pairwise additive form, but the interionic interactions have a many-body character. The form of this representation and the parameters required to represent MgO and CaO are obtained from recent ab-initio electronic structure calculations. The fact that the representation is transferable between crystals with different coordination number is demonstrated by direct comparison with ab-initio results on the different crystal types. Comparison with experimental results on the equation of state of different isomorphs and on the location of the pressure of the transition between them confirms the accuracy of the ab-initio results and of the potential derived from them in representing perfect crystal properties. A computationally efficient molecular dynamics (MD) scheme may be derived for this representation. The additional degrees of freedom which represent the varying ionic radii are constrained to their adiabatic values in the course of the simulation by an adaptation of Car and Parrinello's method. The MD scheme is used to examine whether an ab-initio parameterized potential model which allows for the spherical compression of an oxide ion by its neighbours and for dipole polarization effects is a sufficiently good representation of the interactions in MgO to allow an accurate calculation of the phonon dispersion curves. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 4971-4973 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The effects of structural and oxygen site defects on the ferromagnetic phase transition and magnetotransport in doped lanthanum manganite films have been examined. Oxygen defects were introduced through a vacuum annealing process while structural defects were introduced using ion irradiation. The introduction of both defect types strongly suppressed the Curie temperature Tc while increasing the peak resistivity, activation energy, and magnetoresistance ratio. For defect types leading to similar reductions in Tc, structural defects lead to a broader transition regime and a smaller MRR than are found for oxygen defects. Well above Tc both defect types lead to nearly identical resistivity curves. Structural defects are argued to primarily affect the carrier mobility, hence these data provide a clue that the carrier mobility is dominating the transport properties in this regime.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 3942-3946 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A falling head permeameter is described in which pairs of infrared emitters and detectors on a sight tube are used to measure the flow rate associated with the passage of water through a granular solid under the action of a diminishing pressure head. An equation relating pressure head to elapsed time is derived from which permeability may be calculated. In order to verify the accuracy and sensitivity of the instrument, permeability measurements carried out on a graded quartz sand are compared to those obtained by the more conventional constant head measurement. Excellent agreement is obtained between the permeability values obtained using both measurement methods. Experimental results are also reported for the measurement of the permeability of a range of sieved sand fractions. The falling head permeameter described here is particularly suitable for the measurement of the hydraulic conductivity of granular solids such as sands and soils through which a high flow rate may be expected. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 3397-3401 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Equipment is described which provides measurements of the pressure and volume of unidirectional liquid flow through sample cores of porous solids. The real-time measurement of flow pressures enables any changes in conductivity resulting either from interactions with the flow liquid or from changes in effective stress levels to be monitored directly. The equipment can use a range of flow liquids and be adapted for miscible and immiscible displacement studies. It is particularly suitable for cement-based and stone construction materials. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 2056-2058 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The thermoelectric properties (resistivity and thermopower) of single crystals of the low dimensional pentatelluride materials, HfTe5 and ZrTe5, have been measured as a function of temperature from 10 K〈T〈320 K. The effect of small amounts of Ti substitutional doping (M1−xTixTe5, where M=Hf, Zr) on the thermoelectric properties is reported here. A resistive transition occurs in the pentatellurides, as evidenced by a peak in the resistivity, TP(approximate)80 K for HfTe5 and TP(approximate)145 K for ZrTe5. Both parent materials exhibit a large positive (p-type) thermopower near room temperature which undergoes a change to negative (n-type) below the peak temperature. The thermal conductivity is relatively low ((approximate)5 W/m K) for the MTe5 materials. The Ti substitution affects the electronic properties strongly, producing a substantial shift in the peak temperature while the large values of thermopower remain essentially unaffected. These results warrant further investigation of these materials as candidates for low temperature thermoelectric applications. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 1113-1115 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Photoluminescence excitation (PLE) measurements allow one to obtain direct information on the absorption processes in porous Si leading to the strong visible luminescence which has recently been reported. This technique does not need a free-standing porous Si sample, but the effect of layer thickness should be included in the interpretation of PLE data. In our PLE spectra, two separate absorption edges are observed and the initial one shifts to higher energies with storage time. The trends of these changes are consistent with the quantum wire model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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