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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic and structural characterization of Nd5Fe17 : The 5th Joint MMM−Intermag Conference (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 6125-6127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new stable compound in the Nd–Fe system has been identified as Nd5Fe17. The crystal structure belongs to the hexagonal space group P63/mcm, with a=2.0214(8) nm and c=1.2329(8) nm, and with 12 formula units per unit cell. This compound is a ferromagnet with Tc = 503 K and magnetization 162 emu/g at 4.2 K. Mössbauer spectra have been measured and fitted with five Fe sites, yielding an average Beff=26.5 T at room temperature, from which an average Fe moment of 1.83 Bohr magnetons is deduced. X-ray powder diagrams from magnetically aligned samples suggest basal anisotropy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350017
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of orbital polarization in calculations of the magnetic anisotropy (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5875-5877 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic anisotropy is a difficult topic to describe by electronic structure theory. The results of ab initio calculations for iron and nickel are disappointing, especially since these calculations require high numerical precision and are very time consuming. For iron the value of the energy is too small by a factor of 3, while for nickel the sign is wrong and the value is too small by a factor of 5. The local density approximation can be improved by adding corrections that mimic the inclusion of Hund's second rule. This is equivalent to increasing the effective spin–orbit parameter. For iron a small increase in the effective spin–orbit parameter is sufficient to reconcile theory and experiment. For nickel, this is not possible. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372552
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High intrinsic coercivities in iron-rare earth-carbon-boron alloys through the carbide or boro-carbide Fe14R2X (X=BxC1−x) (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 3574-3576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the phase Fe14R2X, where R is a lanthanide and X is either boron or carbon, or a mixture of the two, the extent of stability of the carbides and their miscibility with the borides is traced for the lighter rare-earth metals. Like the borides, the carbides are magnetically hard, but unlike them, they do not normally crystallize from the melt, and this property is exploited to produce intrinsic coercivities above 12 kOe in cast materials without the added special processing step of sintering or melt spinning. The high coercivity is related to a cellular microstructure of Fe14R2X in which the cell size is approximately 1 μm. The cell structure, which originates in a peritectoidlike transformation from primary Fe17R2, is quite stable and does not change during prolonged annealing. The coercivity is sensitive to variations in composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338705
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ x-ray microscopic observation of the electromigration in passivated Cu interconnects (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 1936-1938 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray imaging of electromigration in a passivated Cu interconnect was performed with 100-nm spatial resolution. A time sequence of 200 images, recorded with the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility x-ray microscope in 2.2 h at 4 keV photon energy, visualizes the mass flow of Cu at current densities up to 2×107 A/cm2. Due to the high penetration power through matter and the element specific image contrast, x-ray microscopy is a unique tool for time-resolved, quantitative mass transport measurements in interconnects. Model calculations predict that failures in operating microprocessors are detectable with 30 nm resolution by nanotomography. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1356446
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of roughness and interdiffusion in zone plate structures on the diffraction efficiency described by coupled wave theory (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 599-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Diffractive transmission x-ray optics, e.g., zone plates and gratings, are well suited for x-ray microscopy and spectroscopy. X-ray optics for use at short wavelengths require high zone aspect ratios which can be obtained by alternately depositing two materials with different x-ray scattering properties on a microwire. The roughness and the diffusion inherent to this process influence the diffraction efficiency of these optics. Using coupled wave theory, it is shown that roughness and interdiffusion increase the structure height required for optimal diffraction efficiency compared to ideally smooth structure profiles. In addition, the maximum obtainable diffraction efficiency decreases with increasing root-mean-square roughness and interdiffusion. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121868
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation-enhanced network formation in copolymer galvanoforms for diffractive nickel x-ray optics with high aspect ratios (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1805-1807 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-resolution x-ray microscopy makes use of nanostructured diffractive optics such as Fresnel zone plates made of nickel. These micro zone plates are manufactured using microscopic galvanoforms and electrodeposition techniques. Copolymer galvanoforms for nickel micro zone plates were irradiated with high doses of x-ray radiation to increase the degree of cross-linking of the copolymer network; in this way, exact pattern replication in the galvanoform was obtained for zone aspect ratios of up to 8:1. Using these galvanoforms, nickel micro zone plates were produced for the soft x-ray wavelength λ=2.4 nm, with smallest zone widths of 30 nm and 40 nm, achieving first-order diffraction efficiencies of up to 13% and 20%, respectively. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121190
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy using a torque method : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 3869-3871 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We calculate the torque on a magnetic moment with arbitrary orientation in a solid and use it to calculate the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) of bulk materials by integrating the torque along an angular path connecting the easy and hard magnetization directions. We apply this approach to the calculation of the MAE of elemental ferromagnets Ni and Fe using a tight-binding model with an added spin-orbit-coupling (SOC) term λSOL⋅S. The MAE for both Fe and Ni is computed for a wide range of values of the SOC strength. Our results for the MAE calculated with the torque method agree with the MAE determined from energy differences. The convergence rate as a function of k-vector needed for integrating over the Brillouin zone for the torque method is comparable to the convergence rate of conventional energy difference schemes. We compare the calculated torque as function of angle to the lowest order term in the expansion in anisotropy constants. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364737
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zone plates with high efficiency in high orders of diffraction described by dynamical theory (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2242-2244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The coupled wave theory is applied to calculate the diffraction efficiency of zone plates used in high orders of diffraction. In contradiction to the existing understanding about 30%–50% of the incident intensity can be diffracted by a single high order if the line-to-space ratio of the zone structures is in the range of 0.1–0.5 and the aspect ratios are larger than 30:1. Highly efficient diffractive transmission x-ray optics with high numerical apertures and resolving power can be developed without manufacturing extremely small zones which are necessary for zone plates used in the first order. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120069
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  • 9
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    Polarization Sensitive Surface Band Structure of Doped BaTiO_{3}(001) (2013)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-21
    Description: Author(s): J. E. Rault, J. Dionot, C. Mathieu, V. Feyer, C. M. Schneider, G. Geneste, and N. Barrett We present a spatial and wave-vector resolved study of the electronic structure of micron sized ferroelectric domains at the surface of a BaTiO 3 (001) single crystal. The n -type doping of the BaTiO 3 is controlled by in situ vacuum and oxygen annealing, providing experimental evidence of a surface par... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 127602] Published Fri Sep 20, 2013
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
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    Viscosity measurements of metallic melts using the oscillating drop technique (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-15
    Description: By means of benchmarking reduced gravity experiments, we have verified the measured viscosity of binary Zr-Ni glass forming liquids utilizing the oscillating drop technique combined with ground-based electrostatic levitation (ESL). Reliable viscosity data can be obtained as long as internal viscous damping of a single oscillation mode of a levitated drop dominates external perturbations. This can be verified by the absence of a sample mass dependence of the results. Hence, ESL is an excellent tool for studying the viscosity of metallic glass forming melts in the range of about 10–250 mPa s, with sample masses below 100 mg. To this end, we show that, for binary Zr-Ni melts, the viscosity is qualitatively controlled by the packing density.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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