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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormal grain growth in sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 4629-4631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abnormal grain growth was found in sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets which are made from powder milled after hydrogen decrepitation. The abnormal grain size in the magnets sintered at 1000 °C for 1.5 h was as large as 400 μm. The formation of abnormally large grains reduced the magnetic properties. As sintering temperature increased, the number of large grains increased and coercivity reduced. However, abnormal grain growth was rarely found when the magnets were fabricated without hydrogen decrepitation. A grain growth mechanism is discussed in relation to the effect of hydrogenation and sintering process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346071
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic and structural studies in Sm-Fe-Ti magnets (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 4954-4956 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of vanadium substitution on the magnetic properties of Sm-Fe-Ti-V melt-spun ribbons and the magnetic properties and microstructure of sintered Sm-Fe-Ti based magnets are reported. The highest coercivity, Hc =10.65 kOe, was obtained in a heat-treated melt-spun Sm8 Fe75.5 Ga0.5 Ti8 V8 alloy. This is the highest value of the coercivities reported in alloys with the ThMn12 -type structure. Bulk magnets were prepared by the usual powder metallurgy technique. However, their highest coercivity (∼2 kOe) was much less than that of the corresponding ribbons. The low coercivity of sintered magnets has been attributed to their nonuniform microstructure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.344745
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties and synthesis of high iHc Sm-Ti-Fe (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5720-5722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The room-temperature intrinsic coercive force, iHc, of the hard Sm-Ti-Fe phase observed in film samples has been measured as a function of composition. The maximum iHc observed at room temperature was 38.5 kOe for a composition Sm19Fe73Ti8. Such samples were first made amorphous and then subsequently crystallized with an in-plane magnetic field, Hs, applied. Tentative tetragonal lattice parameters have been assigned to this phase based on a fitting of 30 x-ray lines between 30° and 80° 2θ for Cu radiation. The fitted tetragonal parameters are a=8.403 A(ring) and c=12.401 A(ring). This high iHc Sm-Ti-Fe phase has not been observed in films that were directly crystallized onto heated substrates. The ferromagnetic Fe-rich phases in Sm-Ti-Fe samples have been synthesized by rf sputtering films onto heated as well as room-temperature substrates. The samples synthesized onto heated substrates were crystallized directly upon deposition, while the samples deposited onto room-temperature substrates were amorphous and were then subsequently crystallized. An in-the-film-plane magnetic field, Hs, was applied during the deposition as well as during the subsequent crystallization of amorphous film.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342237
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The magnetic properties of high iHc Sm-Co, Nd-Fe-B, and Sm-Ti-Fe films crystallized from amorphous deposits (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 3866-3872 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Permanent magnet films of the compounds SmCo5, Nd2Fe14B, and a high intrinsic coercive force, iHc, Sm-Ti-Fe phase have been prepared by a two-stage process in which the appropriate compositions were first deposited with a magnetic field applied in the substrate plane, and then subsequently crystallized in situ in this same magnetic field. The resulting samples exhibited high iHc values and specular reflecting surfaces. For the case of SmCo5 and for the high iHc Sm-Ti-Fe phase, samples were synthesized that exhibited extreme in-the-film-plane anisotropy. For these SmCo5 and high iHc Sm-Ti-Fe samples magnetic measurements, made at room temperature, indicated an in-the-film-plane anisotropy constant of at least 107 erg/cm3 for magnetizing the films in the film plane parallel versus perpendicular to the field that had been applied during the sputter deposition and crystallization. A model is presented based upon the crystallite grain sizes and magnetic alignment energy that correlates the differences in the degree of in-the-film-plane anisotropy induced in these systems. The model is applied to these systems as prepared by crystallizing amorphous deposits, and as directly crystallized onto heated substrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339231
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High intrinsic coercivities in iron-rare earth-carbon-boron alloys through the carbide or boro-carbide Fe14R2X (X=BxC1−x) (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 3574-3576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the phase Fe14R2X, where R is a lanthanide and X is either boron or carbon, or a mixture of the two, the extent of stability of the carbides and their miscibility with the borides is traced for the lighter rare-earth metals. Like the borides, the carbides are magnetically hard, but unlike them, they do not normally crystallize from the melt, and this property is exploited to produce intrinsic coercivities above 12 kOe in cast materials without the added special processing step of sintering or melt spinning. The high coercivity is related to a cellular microstructure of Fe14R2X in which the cell size is approximately 1 μm. The cell structure, which originates in a peritectoidlike transformation from primary Fe17R2, is quite stable and does not change during prolonged annealing. The coercivity is sensitive to variations in composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338705
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The magnetic properties of Sm-Ti-Fe and Nd-Ti-Fe hard and soft sputtered phases (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3696-3698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A series of Sm-Ti-Fe and Nd-Ti-Fe film samples have been synthesized by rf diode sputtering for Fe-rich compositions. Samples have been directly crystallized onto heated substrates as well as first deposited amorphous and then subsequently crystallized. In the film plane magnetic fields have been applied during the deposition and during the crystallization to induce in-the-film-plane anisotropies into the films. A phase that contained only Sm, Ti, and Fe has been synthesized in film form that exhibited an in-plane intrinsic coercive force, iHc, of 31 kOe at room temperature and 58 kOe at 5 K. Tetragonal lattice parameters with a=8.391 A(ring) and c=12.297 A(ring) have been assigned to the high iHc phase by a fitting to 12 diffraction lines. The Nd-Ti-Fe and the Sm-Ti-Fe systems also exhibited a soft magnetic phase of the ThMn12-type at a nominal composition of Nd(TiFe11).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340665
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of R(Ti,Fe)12(R=Nd,Sm) compound (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3589-3591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ferromagnetic phases in Fe-rich Nd-Ti-Fe and Sm-Ti-Fe systems have been synthesized by rf sputtering. Samples have been directly crystallized onto heated substrates with in-the-film-plane magnetic fields applied, as well as first deposited, in an amorphous form and then subsequently crystallized. For the Sm-Ti-Fe system only, a hard magnetic phase has been observed in subsequently crystallized amorphous deposits. The in-plane intrinsic coercivity iHc of this phase was 31 kOe at 293 K and 58 kOe at 5 K. Both these systems exhibited a relatively soft magnetic phase near 85 at. % Fe with a coercivity of 1–2 kOe. The x-ray diffraction patterns of this phase were identified as tetragonal TnMn12 type and its composition was R(TiFe11). Lattice parameters are a=8.579±0.002 and c=4.799±0.002 A(ring) for Sm(TiFe11). These parameters were fitted from 14 x-ray lines from the pattern with 2 θ between 25° and 55°. It has also been possible to directly crystallized Nd-Ti-Fe and Sm-Ti-Fe films that exhibited an extreme (300) texture of the R2Fe17 phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340703
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functionalization of polyethylenes and their use in reactive blending (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 41 (1990), S. 2285-2300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The grafting of maleic anhydride (MAn) to low density polyethylenes (PEs) dissolved in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (DCB) has been studied. Grafting was successful at temperatures of about 160°C both in air without initiator and under nitrogen with the radical initiator 2,5-di(t-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyne (LPO). The presence of succinic anhydride grafts was shown by FTIR spectroscopy of the product; 1H-NMR spectroscopy indicates that the grafts consist of single succinic anhydride units. The graft content was determined by nonaqueous titration, and the extent of crosslinking inferred from the melt flow rates (MFR) of the products. The effects of concentration of initiator, MAn, and PE on the graft content were determined; the influence of PE structure, reaction time, and temperature was also studied. Melt blending of the grafted PE with polystyrene containing oxazoline functional groups (OPS) was investigated using a Rheomix mixer. The interpolymer reaction which occurs during blending was studied by means of FTIR, and the morphology of the blends by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Information was also gained from the change in torque viscosity during the blending process.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070410931
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The separate roles of phase structure and interfacial adhesion in toughening a brittle polymer (1992)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 32 (1992), S. 1695-1702 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effects of rubber particle size and rubber/matrix adhesion on the impact properties of a brittle polymer have been separated using polystyrene (PS)/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) as a model system in which interfacial chemical reaction could be controlled. It has been proven that the interfacial adhesion between the rubber phase and the PS matrix not only greatly aids in reducing the rubber particle size but also plays a further role in improving the impact properties of the matrix polymer. The impact energies of PS/NBR blends with interfacial chemical bonding are four to ten times as high as those without interfacial bonding for the same average rubber particle size. However, at temperatures below the glass transition temperature of the rubber, there is no difference in impact energies with or without interfacial chemical bonding. It has been found that the optimum rubber particle size for toughening PS is influenced by interfacial adhesion. Smaller optimum rubber particle size is observed for blends with greater amounts of interfacial chemical bonding.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760322207
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactive polymers for blend compatibilizationPresented in part at the International Conference on Advances in Additives and Modifiers for Polymer Blends, Miami Beach, Florida (February, 1992). (1992)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advances in Polymer Technology 11 (1992), S. 249-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-6679
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Blending of immiscible polymers offers attractive opportunities for developing new materials with useful combinations of properties. However, simple blends often have poor mechanical properties and unstable morphologies. Compatibilization of such blends is necessary. Preformed graft or block copolymers have been traditionally added to act as compatibilizers. Another route, however, is to generate these copolymer compatibilizers in situ during melt blending using functionalized polymers. In this review, a variety of reactive polymers that have been utilized in the reactive compatibilization of polymer blends is examined. They are classified into six major categories according to the types of reactive groups they have, namely, maleic anhydride, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid derivatives, primary and secondary amines, hydroxyl and epoxide, and reactive groups capable of ionic bonding. Their preparation methods and applications and the chemical reactions they undergo during melt blending are presented. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.1992.060110403
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