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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral responses of Ceratitis capitata flies to bait spray droplets and natural food (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 64 (1992), S. 247-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Ceratitis capitata ; bait sprays ; bird feces ; physiological state
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In studies carried out on field-caged non-fruiting host trees, we examined effects of environmental and adult physiological and experiential state factors on responses of released Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), to droplets of proteinaceous bait (PIB-7) with or without 20% insecticide (malathion). We confirmed that fresh PIB-7 is both attractive and phagostimulatory to protein-deprived medflies and found that presence of 20% malathion ultra low volume concentrate (ULVC) in PIB-7 droplets does not significantly repel medflies from approaching droplets but does significantly deter feeding on them. A single relatively fresh deposit of bird feces, an important source of protein for medflies in natural environments, attracted several times more laboratory-cultured and wild medflies than 20 droplets of 80% PIB-7/20% malathion ULVC (about the average number of droplets per m2 of plant canopy in aerial bait spray programs). Attraction to protein was significantly greater among wild medflies deprived of protein continuously from eclosion than among wild medflies that had recent (within 3 days) or continuous access to protein. Attraction to protein increased significantly with increasing age (2, 7 and 12 days) of protein-deprived wild medflies. But we found no significant positive impact of recent brief experience of wild medflies with protein on degree of subsequent attraction to protein. In final experiments that mimicked the size, density and distribution of bait spray droplets on tree foliage typical for an aerial medfly control program, very few (4%) or no released protein-deprived wild medflies found a bait droplet within the 15 min test period even though most found a single deposit of bird feces. We conclude that the effectiveness of aerial bait sprays against medflies might be enhanced substantially (and the proportion of infested area treated with bait spray reduced considerably) by (1) including synthetic equivalents of attractive components of bird feces in the spray mixture, and (2) adjusting spatial and temporal patterns of bait spray applications according to estimates of the composition and abundance of natural medfly food and the age structure of medfly adult populations in infested regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00341088
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of recent experience on foraging in tephritid fruit flies (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 9 (1996), S. 571-583 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: experience ; foraging behavior ; Rhagoletis ; Ceratitis ; Tephritidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In field-cage studies, we investigated how the foraging behavior of tephritid fruit flies is modified by experience immediately prior to release on host plants. We observed females of a relatively monophagous species,Rhagoletis mendax (blueberry maggot fly), an oligophagous species,Rhagoletis pomomella (apple maggot fly), and a polyphagous species,Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly). Just prior to release on a host plant, the following kinds of stimuli were supplied: (1) single oviposition in a host fruit, (2) contact with 20% sucrose, (3) contact with a mixture of protein food (bird feces and sucrose), (4) contact with water, and (5) a walk over a host-plant leaf. When flies foraged on host plants without resources, search was most intensive (as measured by number of leaves visited) following a single oviposition in fruit, but residence time generally was the same following exposure to sugar, protein, and fruit stimuli.Rhagoletis mendax andC. capitata females visited the fewest leaves following exposure to water or host leaves, whereasR. pomonella foraged equally intensively following exposure to food stimuli, water, or leaves. On host plants containing resources (fruit and protein food), a single oviposition dramatically increased the number of females of all three species that found fruit compared to females that received experience with food, water or foliar stimuli. We found no significant effect of recent brief experience with any of the stimuli on subsequent attraction to protein food. Overall,C. capitata exhibited a higher propensity to abandon host plants than eitherR. mendax orR. pomonella. We suggest that this may reflect adaptations to differences in distribution of host plants in nature, strategies of dispersal, and host range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02213881
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mediterranean fruit fly: interference of oviposition by radiation-sterilized females in field cages (1990)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 56 (1990), S. 125-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: C. capitata ; oviposition ; irradiation ; sex-ratio
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les comportements de ponte et de repos et le nombre de rencontres de mouches irradiées ou non, d'une souche de laboratoire de C. capitata ont été examinés sur des pommes suspendues sur des goyaviers dans des cages, hors du laboratoire, à Hawaï. Le nombre de femelles non-irradiées stationnant sur les fruits était réduit de plusieurs fois par la présence de femelles irradiées, soit seules, soit avec des mâles irradiés, mais non par la présence exclusive de mâles irradiés. De même, le nombre de femelles non-irradiées en train de pondre, ainsi que la durée des pontes étaient réduits par la présence de femelles irradiées. Dans les cages témoins (sans mouche irradiée), les femelles restent en moyenne 255,9±15,0 sec (SE) sur les fruits, tandis que les femelles nonirradiées et irradiées mélangées dans les cages traitées, séjournent respectivement 157±19,8 et 77,5±7,5 sec sur les fruits. Les femelles irradiées se sont comportées capricieusement sur les fruits et ont souvent eu des contacts physiques avec les autres mouches. En réduisant la ponte des femelles normales, les femelles irradiées peuvent contribuer à supprimer les populations sauvages dans les programmes de lâchers d'insectes stériles.
    Notes: Abstract The behavior of nonirradiated and radiation-sterilized laboratory-adapted Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), was observed on apples hung on guava trees in outdoor cages in Hawaii. Oviposition and resting behavior, and physical encounters between flies were recorded. The numbers of nonirradiated females observed resting on fruit were reduced several fold by the presence of irradiated females, either alone or with irradiated males, but not by irradiated males alone. Similarly, the number and duration of nonirradiated females observed ovipositing was reduced by the presence of irradiated females. In control cages (all nonirradiated flies), females averaged 255.9±15.0 (SE) seconds on fruit, while nonirradiated and irradiated females in the mixed (treatment) cage averaged 157±19.8 seconds and 77.5±7.5 seconds on fruit, respectively. Irradiated females behaved skittishly on fruit and frequently engaged in physical encounters with other flies. By reducing oviposition of normal females, irradiated females may help suppress wild populations in sterile-insect release programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00163454
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum (1990)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 5 (1990), S. 331-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00764679
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developing a knowledge-based injection mould cost estimation system by decision tables (1996)
    Springer
    The international journal of advanced manufacturing technology 11 (1996), S. 353-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3015
    Keywords: Decision table ; Injection mould ; Mould cost estimation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a knowledge-based costing system (DTMOLD-1) for an electrical appliance manufacturer to assist mould cost estimation at the early design stage. The system is developed in the form of decision tables. Through the use of decision tables, numerous interrelated variables and technical data in the injection mould cost estimation process are organised and presented. When the features of a plastic part are input, the DTMOLD-1 will generate an estimated cost of the injection mould required to produce the part. The rationale behind the system as well as the methodologies used in the developmental process are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01845694
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of angiotensin II on the spontaneous activity of rostral ventrolateral medullary cardiovascular neurons and blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 3 (1996), S. 191-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Rostral ventrolateral medulla ; Cardiovascular neurons ; Arterial blood pressure ; Angiotensin II ; Hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The interactive role of rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVL) cardiovascular neurons and brain angiotensin II (Ang II) in regulating the arterial blood pressure was examined by recording simultaneously the spontaneous activity of these spinal projecting neurons and the arterial blood pressure in the pentobarbital-anesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and its normotensive control, the Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY). It was found that Ang II elicited dose-dependent excitatory responses in a subpopulation of RVL cardiovascular neurons, followed by a subsequent increase in blood pressure. These effects of Ang II were significantly greater in SHR than in WKY. The effects were attenuated or abolished by co-administration of Ang II antagonist, [Sar1, Ile8]-Ang II. Pre-administration of [Sar1, Ile8]-Ang II to RVL using bilateral microinjection attenuated the blood pressure effects of intracerebroventricularly administered Ang II by as much as 70%. These results indicated that spinal projecting RVL cardiovascular neurons are important in mediating the pressor action of Ang II. The enhanced sensitivity and responsiveness of RVL cardiovascular neurons to Ang II may be pertinent to the genesis of hypertension in adult SHR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02253100
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of two forms of light on the development of the neonatal rat retina (1976)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 32 (1976), S. 1469-1471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of red and far red light on the development of the retinas were studied in the neonatal rat models. Red light appeared to be stimulatory and far red light appeared to be inhibitory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01937440
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A calibration technique for a parallel-wire depth probe with conductivity compensation (1996)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 20 (1996), S. 429-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A new technique of calibrating a parallel-wire depth probe is presented. The technique allows the effects of electric conductivity of liquids to be compensated. The advantage of the probe lies in its simple AC circuitry employed which consists of only a variable resistor together with one AC input and an AC output. The compensation technique employs a two-staging compensation method that allows only one calibration curve to be used for measuring the depth of various liquids with different electric conductivity values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189381
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forced convection of turbulent flow in triangular ducts with different angles and surface roughnesses (1998)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 34 (1998), S. 63-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The experimental investigations were consisting of two parts. The first part was carried out to study the effect of corner geometry on the steady-state forced convection inside horizontal isosceles triangular ducts with sharp corners. The electrically-heated triangular duct was used to simulate the triangular passage of a plate-fin compact heat exchanger. The isosceles triangular ducts were manufactured with duralumin, and fabricated with the same length of 2.4 m and hydraulic diameter of 0.44 m, but five different apex angles (i.e. θ a =15∘,30∘, 40∘,60∘, and 90∘) respectively. The investigation was performed under turbulent flow condition covering a wide range of Reynolds number (i.e. 7000≤Re D ≤20000). It was found that the best thermal performance is achieved with the apex angle of 60∘. The second part was performed to investigate the effect of surface roughness on the forced convection of the same system. Horizontal equilateral triangular ducts with an apex angle of 60∘ were fabricated with the same length and hydraulic diameter, but different average surface roughnesses of 1.2 m,3.0 m and 11.5 m respectively. It was concluded that the duct with a higher surface roughness will have a better heat transfer performance. Non-dimensional expressions for the determination of the heat transfer coefficient of the triangular ducts with different apex angles and surface roughnesses were also developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002310050232
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amorphous structure in laser clad Ni-Cr-Al coating on Al-Si alloy (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 19 (2000), S. 1193-1196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006727730339
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